You are on page 1of 33

WASTE

MANAGEMENT
DONE BY: MIGUEL NEWMAN

OBJECTIVES
At the end of this presentation you will:

What is waste disposal

Categories of waste

Current waste disposal conditions in Jamaica

Energy saving techniques to be undertaken

The different ways to recycle and reuse waste to produce energy and new products

State of the art treatment plant with its own environmentally friendly energy
production system

WHAT IS WASTE DISPOSAL?


This is, the proper disposition of a discarded or discharged material in accordance
with local environmental guidelines or laws". This can be found in two categories:

Solid waste; and

Liquid waste.

CATEGORIES OF WASTE
SOLID WASTES: domestic, commercial and industrial wastes especially common as
co-disposal of wastes

Examples: plastics, containers, bottles, cans, papers, scrap iron, and

other trash.
LIQUID WASTES: wastes in liquid form
Examples: domestic washings, chemicals, oils, waste water from ponds, manufacturing

industries

and other sources

CLASSIFICATION OF WASTES
ACCORDING TO THEIR PROPERTIES
BIO-DEGRADABLE
can be degraded (paper, wood, fruits and others)

NON-BIODEGRADABLE
cannot be degraded (plastics, bottles, old machines,
cans, containers and others)

CLASSIFICATION OF WASTES
ACCORDING TO
THEIR EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH
AND THE ENVIRONMENT
HAZARDOUS WASTES

waste that is reactive, toxic, corrosive, or otherwise dangerous to living things and/or
the environment. Many industrial by-products are hazardous.

NON-HAZARDOUS

Substances safe to use commercially, industrially, agriculturally, or


economically.

FROM WHERE THIS COMES???

CURRENT WASTE DISPOSAL


CONDITIONS IN JAMAICA
The management of all wastes poses serious environmental problems in Jamaica.
Solid waste collection and disposal operations present many serious environmental,
public health, social and liability problems and risks. A growing number of urban
rural households lack satisfactory sanitation solutions. This causes pollution of
groundwater, rivers and marine environments, and the threat of water born-borne
disease. Technologies for non-polluting, on-site sanitation do exist and are introduced
in a few areas. As much as 50 percent of the solid waste generated in the country is
attributed to the Kingston Metropolitan Area (KMA).

CURRENT WASTE DISPOSAL


CONDITIONS IN JAMAICA
Approximately 80 percent of the total waste generated in the country is collected by
five Parks and Markets Companies, private companies wholly-owned by the
Government. The quality of their service has been deteriorating because of budgetary
constraints. Approximately 20 percent of the generated waste is handled by private
collectors. Official waste disposal sites in Jamaica all have a high potential for
contributing to pollution of soil, water and air. They lack conventional solid waste
disposal site equipment, resulting in inadequate and improper burial of solid waste.
Substantial installation and/or upgrading of waste management facilities are required
for both public and private sectors.

CURRENT WASTE DISPOSAL


CONDITIONS IN JAMAICA
The national average sewage generation has been put at about 455 million litres per
day (100 MGD). Of this about 25 percent is collected and treated in established
treatment systems and the remainder disposed of by way of on-site disposal systems
(pit latrines, soak-aways, septic tanks, etc.). Improper sewage treatment and disposal
is the main contributor to pollution of Kingston Harbour. In this regard, the
infrastructure for sewage disposal needs improvement.

TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF SOLID


WASTE
Several methods are used for treatment and disposal. These are:
1.

Composting

2.

Incineration

3.

Landfilling

4.

Pyrolysis

5.

Recycling

CRITICAL CONCERNS

Critical concerns related to waste management in Jamaica include:

delays

in implementation of appropriate waste management


schemes due to the lack of a comprehensive waste
management policy;
application of waste management technology has not
sufficiently responsive to changing conditions;
inadequate attention is paid to specific physical
characteristics of the island (alluvial, coastal or hilly
limestone);
lack of awareness in the general population of the
importance of proper waste management practices; and

CRITICAL CONCERNS

Inadequate waste disposal system to meet the needs of the public.

Waste sites are not been developed to be self sufficient, therefore reducing
recourse cost and sustaining quality waste management.

ENERGY SAVING TECHNIQUES TO BE


UNDERTAKEN

ENERGY SAVING TECHNIQUES


The idea is to create a waste disposal plant that will use the waste provided to create more
environmentally friendly produce and that will also generate savings in energy and reducing waste
pile up. Some of these techniques include creating a major recycling and sewage plant that will be
able to create its own energy needed to fully run the plant in an environmentally friendly way. The
plant will consist of the following areas:

A plant that will be able to used waste material (tires, rubbers, etc) that can create an
environmentally friendly gas to be reused run the plant.

Use methane from the wasted ground produce buried in the ground to produce electricity.

ENERGY SAVING TECHNIQUES

Another facility will recycle all the other materials like; metal, plastic and paper to
produce new products to be sold to manufactures or the public.

Sewage waste will be treated where the faeces will be used as fertilizers and the
liquid cleaned for reuse in farms or back to the public.

Produce such as ground provisions can be berried to help replenish the earth.

All these facilities will be run using the environmentally friendly gasses produced.

USING WASTE PRODUCE THAT HAVE


BEEN DISCARDED UNDERGROUND TO
CREATE METHANE TO ELECTRICITY

USING TIRES TO CREATE GAS FOR


ENERGY USE

DIAGRAM SHOWING A PLANT THAT IS


ABLE TO SUPPORT ITS SELF AND
OTHERS

WHAT IS
RECYCLING?
The process by which
waste material is
convert into reusable
material.

BENEFITS OF RECYCLING

Reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills and incinerators;

Conserves natural resources such as timber, water, and minerals;

Prevents pollution by reducing the need to collect new raw materials;

Saves energy;

Reduces greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global climate change;

Helps sustain the environment for future generations;

Helps create new well-paying jobs in the recycling and manufacturing industries.

STEPS USED IN RECYCLE MATERIALS

RECYCLE PROCEDURE

DIAGRAM DETAILING THE SEPERATION


PROCESS

PLASTIC RECYLING PROCESS

METAL RECYCLING PROCESS

RUBBER RECYCLING PROCESS

PAPER RECYCLING PROCESS

DIAGRAM SHOWING HOW EASY THE


PROCESS FROM HOME TO THE
RECYCLE PLANT CAN BE

CONCLUSION
In concluding it is safe to say that Jamaica is lacking in proper infrastructure to
adequately deal with the waste disposal situation now affecting the island. Its evident
that Jamaica needs to invest in a more state of the art disposal site that will be able to
generate its own energy needs and also be able to sustain it self by producing products
from the waste on site by recycling and creating new products.

RECOMMENDATIONS

There is a need for more strict rules/laws governing the waste


disposal system

There is evidence that there are waste disposal systems that work in
other countries that can also work in Jamaica to create a waste
disposal system that works

Proper planning in regards to a central location with adequate land


space and accessibility is key to a well developed waste disposal
plant.

Educating the public on the different methods available to them


and how they can play their part is a vital part of this system if its
going to work.

REFERENCE

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/wastedisposal.html#ixzz3Jx9nLuJy

http://www.nepa.gov.jm/policies/neap/waste.htm

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/waste-disposal.html

http://www-tnswep.ra.utk.edu/activities/pdfs/mq-W.pdf

http://spimpiantisia.com/municipal-to-energy/

http://www.pakwheels.com/forums/news-articles-driver-educationsafety/206926-used-tires-fuel-alternative-fuel-recycling

You might also like