Java Server Pages

Java Server Pages
JSP
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6-1
Concept:
Server-side programming
CGI scripts
servlet
JavaServer page (JSP)
Java program that runs on webserver

Called from html page
Follows Sun servlet standard
Contains html and
Java or JavaScript
Compiled into a servlet and run on server

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JSP is servlet
follows request-response model

loaded into webserver
webserver manages instance
typical logic
examine request:
parameters, session, cookies, context
produce response
add to output stream
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JSP page
stored with extension .jsp

contains
html
JSP scripting elements
JSP directives
JSP actions
JSP comment
<%--
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--%>
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JSP scripting elements
declaration
<%!
%>
expression
<%=
%>
scriptlet
<%
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%>
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JSP declaration
placed into servlet outside of service

method
<%! int accessCount = 0; %>
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JSP expression
expression is evaluated and placed into

output
This page has been accessed
<%= accessCount %>
times
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JSP scriptlet
code that is inserted into service method
<% accessCount += 1; %>
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first JSP example

<html>
<head><title>Very Simple JSP</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Very Simple JSP</h1>
<%! int accessCount = 0; %>
This page has been accessed
<%= accessCount %>
times
<% accessCount += 1; %>
</body>
</html>
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Run from Internet explorer
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JSP directives
control overall structure of servlet

include
<%@ include file=relative URL %>
used to include another file
URL may start with /
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JSP directive: page
has attributes
import
to add import statements to servlet

<%@ page import=java.util.* %>
content-type
isThreadSafe
value true is default

false makes servlet implement
SingleThreadModel
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JSP page directive:

more attributes
session
value true is default

false disables session management
buffer="sizekb|none
specifies the buffer size for the JspWriter out
autoflush="true|false
extends="package.class
info="message
errorPage="url
isErrorPage="true|false
language="java"
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Predefined variables
request
response
instance of HttpServletRequest
ex: request.getParameter(username);
instance of HttpServletResponse
ex: response.addCookie(myCookie);
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out
same as html text outside of <% %>
instance of JSPWriter
buffered version of output stream
ex: out.println(hello world);
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session
instance of HttpSession
only available if session attribute of
<%@ page %> directive is true

ex: session.setAttribte(user, John Doe);
ex: name = (String) session.getAttribute(user);
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application
instance of HttpContext
ex: application.setAttribute(user, John Doe);
ex: name = (String)application.getAttribute(user);
config
instance of HttpConfig
page
same as this in Java
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JSP example: second.jsp

<html><head><title>Session JSP</title></head><body>
<h1>Welcome to our World</h1>
<%@ page session="true" %>
<form action="second.jsp">
<% if (session.isNew()) { %>
Enter your ID:
<input type="text" name="username">
<% } else {
String name = request.getParameter("username");
if (name == null)
name = (String)session.getAttribute("user");
else
session.setAttribute("user", name);
%>
Welcome back <%= name %>
<% } %>
<input type="submit"></form>
</body></html>
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Run and observe JSP
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JSP actions
jsp:include
include a file at the time the page is requested
jsp:forward
forward the requester to a new page
jsp:useBean
find or instantiate a JavaBean
jsp:setProperty
set the property of a JavaBean
jsp:getProperty
insert the property of a JavaBean into the output
jsp:plugin
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jsp:include action
<jsp:include page="relative URL" flush="true" />
inserts the file at the time the JSP page

is translated into a servlet
similar to include method of

RequestDispatcher
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jsp:forward action
<jsp:forward page="relative URL" />
forwards the request to another page

similar to forward method of
RequestDispatcher
examples:
<jsp:forward page="errorReporter.jsp" />
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Exercise: shopping cart
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Exercise: shopping cart
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Greeting.html
<html><head>
<title>Shopping cart example</title></head>
<body><h1>Welcome to the Mini Store</h1>
<form action="MiniStore.jsp" method="post">
Please select one or more of our products:<br>
<select name="products" multiple>
<option>product 1 <option>product 2
<option>product 3 <option>product 4
<option>product 5 <option>product 6 </select>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body></html>
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MiniStore.jsp (1/3)
<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>
<HTML><BODY>
<%
if (session.isNew()) {
%>
<h1>Welcome Newcomer</h1>
<% } else { %>
<h1>Welcome Back</h1>
<% } %>
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MiniStore.jsp (2/3)
<%
Vector list = (Vector)
session.getAttribute("cart");
if (list == null)
list = new Vector();
String products[] =
request.getParameterValues("products");
if (products != null)
for (int i = 0; i < products.length; i++)
list.addElement(products[i]);
session.setAttribute("cart", list);
%>
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MiniStore.jsp (3/3)
<H2>Thanks for your selection:</H2>
<TABLE><TR><TH>Product</TH></TR>
<%
Enumeration all = list.elements();
while (all.hasMoreElements())
out.println("<TR><TD>" + all.nextElement()
+"</TD>");
%>
</tr></table>
<jsp:include page="continue.html"/>
</body></html>
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continue.html
<form action="Greeting.html">
<input type="submit" value="Continue
Shopping">
</form>
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jsp:useBean action
<jsp:useBean id="name" class="package.class" />
instantiates an object of the specified class

binds it to a variable with id name
variable can be used to invoke bean methods or
to handle its properties
bean can be associated with scope
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jsp:useBean action
scope attribute
<jsp:useBean id="name"
class="package.class"
scope=value/>
values can be
page
(default)
request
session
application
makes bean accessible within scope
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jsp:setProperty action
<jsp:setProperty name="orderBean"
property="numberOfItems"
value=21" />
<jsp:setProperty name="orderBean"
property="numberOfItems"
param="numItems" />
sets value of bean property
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jsp:getProperty action
<jsp:getProperty name="itemBean"
property="numItems" />
value of bean property is returned
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Bean example
package jspexamples;
public class Counter {
private int value = 0;
public int getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(int newValue) {
value = newValue;
}
}
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JSP example
<html>
<head>
<title>Bean JSP example</title>
</head>
<body>
<jsp:useBean id="counter" class="jspexamples.Counter"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="counter"
property="value" value="10"/>
Current value is
<jsp:getProperty name="counter" property="value"/>
</body></html>
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Variation in scope
request
example
<jsp:useBean id=counter"
class=jspexamples.Counter"
scope=request/>
make bean accessible via the request variable

request is shared in forward or include JSP
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Variation in scope
<jsp:useBean > action
other scopes
will find existing bean within scope
session
application
available to all servlets within the same

ServletContext
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Jsp example (1/2)

<html><head>
</head><body>
<jsp:useBean id="counter"
class="jspexamples.Counter scope="request"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="counter
property="value" value="10"/>
<jsp:forward page="BeanTest2.jsp"/>
</body></html>
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Jsp example (2/2):

BeanTest2.jsp
<html><head>
</head><body>
<jsp:useBean id="counter"
class="jspexamples.Counter scope="request"/>
Value is now:
<jsp:getProperty name="counter" property="value"/>
</body></html>
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Advanced Exercise
create Shopping cart bean

share with session scope
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ShoppingCart bean
package mypackage;
import java.util.*;
public class ShoppingCart {
private Vector<String> products = new Vector<String>();
public String getTable() {
StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
Enumeration all = products.elements();
while (all.hasMoreElements())
buf.append("<TR><TD>" + all.nextElement() + "</TD>");
return buf.toString();
}
public void setAddOns(String[] addOns) {
for (int i = 0; i < addOns.length; i++)
products.addElement(addOns[i]);
}
}
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MiniBeans.jsp
<HTML><BODY>
<H2>Thank you for your selection</H2>
<jsp:useBean id="cart"
class=mypackage.ShoppingCart" scope="session"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="cart" property="addOns"
param="products"/>
<TABLE><TR><TH>Content of Shopping Cart:</TH></TR>
<jsp:getProperty name="cart" property="Table"/>
</TR></TABLE>
<jsp:include page="continue.html" />
</BODY></HTML>
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Java Server Pages

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Java Server Pages

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Copyright:

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Java Server Pages

JavaServer page (JSP)

Java program that runs on webserver

Contains html and

Compiled into a servlet and run on server

follows request-response model

parameters, session, cookies, context

add to output stream

stored with extension .jsp

JSP scripting elements

placed into servlet outside of service

<%! int accessCount = 0; %>

expression is evaluated and placed into

code that is inserted into service method

<% accessCount += 1; %>

first JSP example

Run from Internet explorer

control overall structure of servlet

<%@ include file=relative URL %>

used to include another file

URL may start with /

JSP directive: page

to add import statements to servlet

value true is default

JSP page directive:

value true is default

specifies the buffer size for the JspWriter out

same as html text outside of <% %>

<%@ page %> directive is true

same as this in Java

JSP example: second.jsp

Run and observe JSP

include a file at the time the page is requested

forward the requester to a new page

find or instantiate a JavaBean

set the property of a JavaBean

insert the property of a JavaBean into the output

inserts the file at the time the JSP page

similar to include method of

forwards the request to another page

Exercise: shopping cart

Exercise: shopping cart

instantiates an object of the specified class

makes bean accessible within scope

value of bean property is returned

make bean accessible via the request variable

<jsp:useBean > action

will find existing bean within scope

available to all servlets within the same

Jsp example (1/2)

Jsp example (2/2):

create Shopping cart bean

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