Prepared By: Tengku Ahmad Ramadan

Mohd Zharfan Haziq

Single-phase electric power

Introduction:
Single-phase electric power refers to the distribution of
alternating current electric power using a system in which all the
voltages of the supply vary in corresponding exactly.
Single-phase distribution is used when loads are mostly lighting
and heating, with few large electric motors.
A single-phase supply connected to an alternating current electric
motor does not produce a revolving magnetic field; single-phase
motors need additional circuits for starting, and such motors are
uncommon above 10 or 20 kW in rating.

Single Phase
Characteristics
1) Standard frequencies are 50 or 60 Hz (cycles per
second)
2) 240 volt (single phase ) .
3) Single phase has two wires , active and neutral
4) Single Phase current requires the use of one
transformer
Advantages Of Single Phase/Disadvantage

It cost must higher compared to

3 phase system

It provide less electrical load

Not sufficient to support large
Electrical energy/watt

Single Phase Picture

Graph of Single phase

Difference between Single

Phase and Three Phase
Single Phase

Three Phase

-It does not produce revolving

magnetic field , need extra circuit for
stating ,example a motor uncommon
about 10-20kw rating,
-It provide less electrical current

-Power Transfer into linear balanced

load is constant , help to reduce
generator and motor vibrations.
-It can produce a magnetic field that
rotates in a specific directions,
Which simplifies the design of electric
motor.
-It provide large electrical current
-Energy saving

Three-phase
Three-phase electric power is a common method of
alternating current electric power generation,
transmission, and distribution.

It is a type of polyphase system and is the most

common method used by electrical grids worldwide to
transfer power.

A three phase system is usually more economical than

an equivalent single phase or two phase system at the
same line to ground voltage because it uses less
conductor material to transmit electrical power.

principle
Three-phase supplies have properties that make them
very desirable in electric power distribution systems:

The phase currents tend to cancel out one another,

summing to zero in the case of a linear balanced load.
This makes it possible to reduce the size of the neutral
conductor because it carries little or no current. With a
balanced load, all the phase conductors carry the same
current and so can be the same size.

 Power transfer into a linear balanced load is constant,

which helps to reduce generator and motor vibrations.

Three-phase systems can produce a rotating magnetic

field with a specified direction and constant magnitude,
which simplifies the design of electric motors.
Different Three Phase Each Country

Three Phase