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References
1. Theraja, B. L., Electrical Technology, S.
Chand & Company Ltd., 1978.
2. Schmidt-Walter, H., Kories, R., Electrical
Engineering: A Pocket Reference, Artech
House Inc., 2007.
3. Chapman, S. J., Electric Machinery
Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill, 2005.
DC Motors Outlines
10:
.Dc motor:
..dc motor parts & works
..back emf
..motor equivalent circuit
..characteristics of dc motor: Ta~Ia and n~E/
.Dc shunt motor:
..characteristics of dc shunt motor
..speed control of dc shunt motor: n ~ (V IaRa)/
11:
12:
dc series motor
s
V
Ta/Ia characteristic
Ta
Ia
In
Ia
n/Ia characteristic
n/Ta characteristic
Ta
Starting point
Nominal point
nn
Cumulatively compound:
.like series motor: it has
extra torque for starting.
.like shunt motor: it
doesnt overspeed at no
load
5
Copper Losses
hysteresis
Total Losses
Iron/Magnetic
Losses
Mechanical
Losses
Eddy current
friction
windage
Iron/Magnetic Losses
Energy Conversion
Electrical
Mechanical
Electromagnetism
Energy
Energy
10
x
.
.When the external magnetic field is removed, the domains dont completely
randomize again.
Because turning them back requires energy.
.The fact that turning domains in the iron requires energy leads to a common
energy loss in all machines and transformers -> hysteresis loss.
11
12
13
14
15
16
Mechanical Loss
.Friction loss at bearings and commutator
.Air-friction or windage loss of rotating armature
Poles
Fan
Brushes
Rotor winding
Bearing
17
Commutator
Armature Cu
Loss
Field Cu Loss
Copper Losses
hysteresis
Total Losses
Iron/Magnetic
Losses
Mechanical
Losses
Eddy current
friction
windage
Variable Loss: varied with the load current -> armature Cu loss.
Constant Losses =
No-load Input Cu Losses
19
Motor Input
Copper
Losses
Driving power
in armature
EIa Watt
VI Watt
Output
HP
-Ende24-8
24-21
21
24-22.
The input to a 220-V dc shunt motor is 11 kW.
The no-load current = 5 A;
no-load speed = 1150 rpm;
Ra = 0.5 ;
Rf = 110 ;
Calculate:
a. Torque developed
b. Efficiency
c. Speed at this load
Solution
22
24-34.
Solution
23
-ENDE
Figures:
Iron
core
Laminated iron core
24
Induced e.m.f
i.
ii.
25
26
Electric Braking
Rheostatic/Dynamic Braking
Plugging/Counter-current braking
Regenerative braking
27
28
29
30
31
32
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