Scott-T Connection

ofTransformer

This is a connection by which 3phase to 3-phase or 3-phase to 2phase transformation is accomplished

with the help of two transformers .
Since it was proposed by Charles F.
Scott, it is frequently referred to as
Scott Connection. This configuration of
transformer can be used when one of
the transformer of a transformer bank
is faulty or damaged.

VA1
A1

.866 tap

VB1
B1

Va2
a2

Teaser
Transformer

Vb2
b2

Center
tap
Main
Transformer
VC1
C1

Vc2
c2

Scott Connection Configuration (3-phase to 3phase)

Characteristics of T-T Connection (3phase 3phase)

1. The main transformer is center tap both on primary

and secondary.
2. The other transformer, known as the teaser
transformer, is .866 tap,. One end of both primary
and secondary is joined to center taps of the main
transformer. image
3. Both transformer uses only 86.6% of their kVA rating
which is the same as V-V connection if two identical
units are used.
4. It will be more economical than V-V connection
operating at 0.928 of its kVA rating if teaser
transformer will be designed only to use 86.6% of
the mains windings.

VA1
A1

Teaser
Transformer

.866 tap
Va2
a2

Center
tap
VB1
B1

VC1
C1

Main
Transformer
Vb2
b2

Scott Connection Configuration (3-phase to 2phase, 4-wire)

Characteristics

of Scott Connected Transformer 3-phase

to 2-phase:
1. Teaser transformer primary has 0.866 times the
turns of main primary. But volt/turn is the same.
Their secondaries have the same number which
results in equal secondary voltages. image
2. If main primary has turns and main secondary has
turns, then the main transformation ratio is / .
However, the teaser transformation ratio is
/= 0./ = 0.866a
3. If the load is balanced on one side, it is balanced on
the other side as well.
4. Under balanced load conditions, main transformer
rating is ~15% greater than that of the teaser.

There are two main reasons for

the need to transform from three
phases
to
two
phase

To give a supply to an existing two

phase system from a three phase
supply.
To supply two phase furnace
transformers from a three phase
source.

 Two-phase systems can have 3-wire, 4-wire, or 5-wire

circuits. It is needed to be considering that a twophase system is not 2/3 of a three-phase system. The
phase-to-neutral voltages are 90 out of phase with
each other.
Two phase 4-wire circuits are essentially just two
ungrounded single-phase circuits that are electrically
90 out of phase with each other. Two phase 5-wire
circuits have four wires plus a neutral; the two phase
voltages are 90 out of phase with each other.
The easiest way to transform three-phase voltages
into two-phase voltages is with two conventional
single-phase transformers. The first transformer is
connected phase-to-neutral on the primary (threephase) side and the second transformer is connected
between the other two phases on the primary side.

 The
secondary
windings
of
the
two
transformers are then connected to the twophase circuit. The phase-to-neutral primary
voltage is 90 out of phase with the phase-tophase primary voltage, producing a two-phase
voltage across the secondary windings. This
simple connection, called the T connection.
The main advantage of the T connection is that
it uses transformers with standard primary and
secondary voltages. A balanced two-phase load
still produces balanced three-phase currents;
i.e., the phase currents in the three-phase
system have equal magnitudes, but their phase
angles are not 120 apart.

 Scott T Transformer is built with two single phase

transformers of equal power rating. The MAIN
and Teaser sections can be enclosed in a floor
mount enclosure with MAIN on the bottom and
Teaser on top with a connecting jumper cable.
They can also be placed side by side in separate
enclosures.

Key Point:
If the main transformer has a turns ratio of 1:
1, then the teaser transformer requires a turns
ratio of 0.866: 1 for balanced operation. The
principle of operation of the Scott connection
can be most easily seen by first applying a
current to the teaser secondary windings, and
then applying a current to the main secondary
winding, calculating the primary currents
separately and superimposing the results.

Advantages of the Scott T

Connection:

If desired, a three phase, two phase, or single

phase load may be supplied simultaneously
The neutral points can be available for
grounding or loading purposes

Disadvantages when used for 3 Phase Loading

This type of asymmetrical connection (3

phases, 2 coils), reconstructs three phases
from 2 windings. This can cause unequal
voltage drops in the windings, resulting in
potentially unbalanced voltages to be applied
to the load.
The transformation ratio of the coils and the
voltage obtained may be slightly unbalanced
due to manufacturing variances of the
interconnected coils.
This designs neutral has to be solidly
grounded. If it is not grounded solidly, the
secondary voltages could become unstable.

 Since this design will have a low impedance,

special care will have to be taken on the
primary protection fault current capacity.
This could be an issue if the system was
designed for a Delta-Star connection.
The inherent single phase construction and
characteristics of this connection produces a
comparatively bulky and heavier
transformer when compared with a normal
three phase transformer of the same rating.
A properly sized Scott T transformer will
have to be larger than the equivalent DeltaWye transformer. Properly sized, it would be
a bulkier and heavier option and should not
be considered a less expensive solution.

Application
For Industrial Furnace Transformer.
For Traction Purpose:The power is obtained
from the 220 kV or 132 kV or 110 kV or 66 kV,
three-phase, effectively earthed transmission
network of the State Electricity Board, through
single-phase transformers or Scott connected
transformer installed at the Traction Substation.
The primary winding of the single-phase
transformer is connected to two phases of the
transmission network or Where Scott-connected
transformer is used, the primary windings are
connected to the three phases of the
transmission network.

 The single-phase transformers at a Traction

Substation are connected to the same two
phases of the transmission network (referred
as single-phase connection), or alternatively to
different pairs of phases- the three single
phase transformers forming a delta-connection
on the primary side. Out of three single-phase
transformers, one transformer feeds the

Problems

3300
V

440V

3300
V

440V

33kVA load

1. Two T-T connected transformers are used to

supply a 440V, 33kVA balanced 3-phase supply of
3300V. Calculate (a) voltage and current rating of
each coil. (b) kVA rating of the main and teaser
transformer.

Solution:

a.
Primary Voltage rating:

Primary Current:

Secondary Voltage:

Secondary Current:

b. kVA rating of the each transformer:

2. Two transformers are required for a Scott connection

operating at 440V 3-phase supply for supplying two singlephase furnace at 200V on the two-phase side. If the total
output is 150kVA, calculate the secondary to primary turn
ratio and the winding currents of each transformer.
A
440V

Va=200
V

B
440
V
C

Vb=200V

A 2-phase, 7.5 kW (~10 hp), 240 V, 60 Hz motor has an

efficiency of 0.83 and a power factor of 0.80. It is to be fed
from a 600 V, 3-phase line using a Scott-connected
transformer bank (Figure shown ).

Calculate
(a) The apparent power drawn by the motor
(b) The current in each 2-phase line
(c) The current in each 3-phase line

10 hp
= 83%
pf =
0.80

Solution:

The of the motor is the of the transformer.

a. = (motor)
==
=
9036.1446W

S = P/cos = 9036.1146/0.8
S = 11295.1807 VA
The apparent power per phase is
S = 11295.1807/2 =
5647.5904
VA

b. Thee current in the two phase line:

I = S/V = 5647.5904/240
I = 23.5316
A
c. The three-phase line current is:
I = S/(V3) = 11295.1807/(600x3)
I = 10.8688
A

THE END

VAA

Teaser
Primary
.866 tap

Vaa

Center
tap

Teaser
Secondary

Main Primary

VBB

VCC

Main
Secondary
Vbb

Scott Connection Configuration (2-phase 4

wire)

back

VA1
A1

.866 tap

VB1
B1

Va2
a2

Teaser
Transformer

Vb2
b2

Center
tap
Main
Transformer
VC1
C1

Vc2
c2

Scott Connection Configuration (3-phase to 3phase)

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