Chapter 1

Cane sugar is also known as sucrose. It is a

white solid made from three elements:
Hydrogen, Oxygen and Carbon. At 20C it has a
density of 1.588 g/cm3; its melting point is 1.70 x
102C. At 20C, its solubility is 203.9g/100g
water; at 90C, its solubility is 415.7g/100g
water.
a) How many grams of sugar are in 155mL of
sugar?
b) What is the melting point of sugar in Fahrenheit?
c) How many grams of sugar can be dissolved in
75.0g of water at 20C?

Chapter 2
Sodium Chloride is table salt. It is made up of sodium
and chlorine atoms.
a) Is sodium chloride ionic or molecular? Why?
b) If three chlorine atoms combine with an iodine atom,
is the resulting compound ionic or molecular? What
is the name?
c) What are the atomic numbers of Chlorine and
Sodium?
d) Write the nuclear symbol for sodium with 11 protons
and 10 neutrons.
e) How many neutrons are in the Chlorine isotope Cl37?

Chapter 3
Ammonia is used to make fertilizers for lawns and
gardens by reacting nitrogen gas with hydrogen
gas.
a) Write a balanced equation with smallest whole
number coefficients for this reaction.
b) How many moles of ammonia are formed when
1.34mol of nitrogen react?
c) How many grams of Ammonia are produced when
15.0L of air (79% by Volume Nitrogen) react with
excess Hydrogen? The density of Nitrogen at the
conditions of the reaction is 1.25g/L.

Chapter 4
An aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride is
called hydrochloric acid. It is widely used for a
host of industrial purposes. It reacts with a
variety
of compounds.
a) Write equations for the reaction between aqueous
solutions of hydrochloric acid with

an aqueous solution of Silver Nitrate (net ionic equ)

Iron(II)hydroxide (redox)

b) How would you prepare 225.0mL of 1.33M HCl from a

6.00M stock solution?
c) When 25.00mL of 0.695M HCl reacts with an excess o
Silver Nitrate a precipitate forms. How many grams of
precipitate can be theoretically obtained?

Chapter 5

Ammonia is the most important commercial compound of

nitrogen. It can be produced by reacting nitrogen gas with
hydrogen gas. This known as the Haber process:
N2(g)+3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
a) Ammonia is kept at 15C in a 10.0L flask with a pressure of
1.95atm. What is the pressure in the flask if the temperature
is increased to 25C?
b) What is the density of Ammonia at 22C and 745mmHg?
c) If 5.0L of Nitrogen at 12C and 1.30atm pressure reacts with
the same volume of hydrogen at the same temperature and
pressure, what volume of Ammonia is obtained at that
temperature and pressure?
d) The average speed of a nitrogen molecule at 25C is 515m/s
What is the average speed of an ammonia molecule at that
temperature?

Chapter 6
Sodium vapor lamps are commonly used to
illuminate highways because of their intense
yellow/orange emissions at 589nm.
a) Calculate the energy in Joules of one
photon of this light.
b) Give the electron configuration for Na in its
ground state
c) Is Na paramagnetic or diamagnetic
d) How many electrons in Na have ml=+1
e) Which one is larger: Na or Na+?

Chapter 7
Consider CO2 and SO2
a) Draw the Lewis structure for these species.
b) Draw the two resonance structures for SO2 and
determine the formal charges for all atoms.
c) Describe the geometries of these two including
bond angles.
d) What is the hybridization of the central atom for
each?
e) How many sigma and pi bonds are in each
species?