Professional Documents
Culture Documents
4
Castings
Rev. 4
8/20/01
Overview
Casting Fundamentals
Pouring and Feeding Castings
Foundry Technology
Inherent Discontinuities
PATTER N
P A T T E R N IN S O L ID M O L D
C O M P L E T E D C A S T IN G W IT H
A T T A C H E D G A T IN G S Y S T E M
M O L D C A V IT Y W IT H G A T IN G S Y S T E M
Solidification
First Phase:
Solidification
Second Phase:
Solidification
Third Phase:
Grain Characteristics
Segregation
Shrinkage
Three types:
Shrinkage
1 .1 %
3%
1 .7 %
S H R IN K A G E
C A V IT Y
S H R IN K P E R C E N T A G E S A P P R O X IM A T E O N L Y F O R C A S T IR O N
T H R E E S T A G E S O F M E T A L C O N T R A C T IO N
Shrinkage
Shrinkage
Solidification Shrinkage
Shrinkage
Solidification Shrinkage
Shrinkage
Solidification
Hot Spots
Focal points for solidification.
Defects are most likely at hot spots
created by section or geometry changes
and where gates and risers have been
connected to the castings.
May disturb good directional
solidification and cause defects.
Usually controlled by proper design.
Consists of:
Pouring basin,
Down sprues,
Runners,
Ingates, and
Channels and openings.
Risers
Chills
Initiate solidification.
Choice of internal chills critical.
Sand molding
Green sand
Dry Sand.
Die Casting
Die Casting
Investment/Precision Casting
Investment/Precision Casting
Part 3- Inherent
Discontinuities
Inherent Discontinuities
Inherent Discontinuities
Cold Shut
Pipe
Inherent Discontinuities
Hot Tears
Inherent Discontinuities
Nonmetallic Inclusions
Segregation
Inherent Discontinuities
Microshrinkage