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MINOR CLASES

English Syntax
By
Seventh Group (OFTA; KEMAL; OKTA)

Prepositions

A preposition relates a noun or pronoun


to some other part of the sentence
A preposition usually precedes a noun or
pronoun to make a prepositional phrase,
as before lunch. In this phrase lunch
(noun) is the object of preposition
before
The group will meet before lunch.
V.
PREP. N.

Conjunctions

A conjunction is a word that connects


other words, phrases, or clauses.
There are three types of conjunctions:
coordinating, correlative, and
subordinating.

Coordinating Conjunctions

Jan invited several neighbors, including you


and me. [connects two pronouns]
Over the bridge and through the tunnel, we
go. [connects two prepositional phrases]
Most of us sang carols on the ride home, but
grandpa slept. [connects two main clauses]

Correlative Conjunctions

Ryan was not only the tallest player on the


squad but also the best.
Either we leave in plenty of time to reach the
airport early or Im not going.

Subordinating
Conjunctions

Dustin bought municipal bonds because they


are triple tax free.
We stayed in the basement until the tornado
had passed.

Articles

The form a is used before a word beginning


with a consonant, or a vowel with a
consonant sound e. g a man and a European
The form an is used before words beginning
with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) or words
beginning with a mute h e. g an apple and an
hour
Form the is the same for singular and plural
and for all genders e. g the boy and the girls

Numerals

Cardinal Numbers e. g one, two, three, etc. 0 1


2 3 4 and 5. There are 100 rose in the garden.
Ordinal Numbers e. g first, second, third, etc.
the first president of Indonesia is Ir. Soekarno.

Pronouns

A pronoun is a handy substitute for a


noun.
By using pronouns, you can avoid unnecessary
repetition of the noun.
INSTEAD OF: I know Texas well because Texas
is my home state.
WRITE : I know Texas well because it is my
home state. The pronoun it enables you
to avoid repeating the noun Texas.

Interjections

An interjection is a word or phrase that conveys


emotion yet has no grammatical connection to
the sentence. It is followed by an exclamation
point or comma, depending on the degree of
emotion expressed
Oh! We just missed our train!
INTERJ.
Oops! I nearly fell.
INTERJ.
Oh dear, we are out of sugar!
INTERJ.

Tree Diagram

The function of tree diagrams is to represent


the structure of sentences in
diagrammatic form. It has branches like
trees. It gives us description of the sentences
and describes sentences in terms of the
categories the individual words belong to.

Noun Phrase

Definition of Noun Phrase: a phrase which


has a noun (or indefinite pronoun) as its
head word, or which performs the same
grammatical function as such a phrases.

Tree diagram of NP

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