Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Overview
Properties of vibrating systems
Free and forced vibrations
Resonance and frequency response
Sound waves in air
Frequency, wavelength, and velocity of a
sound wave
Simple and complex sound waves
Periodic and aperiodic sound waves
Fourier analysis and sound spectra
Sound pressure and intensity
The decibel (dB) scale
The acoustics of speech production
Speech spectrograms
Damping
Free vibration
As we have so far described them, the
mass-spring system and the tuning
fork represent systems in free
vibration. An initial external force is
applied, and then the system is allowed
to vibrate freely in the absence of any
additional external force. It will vibrate
at its natural or resonance frequency.
Forced vibration
Now assume that the mass-spring
system is coupled to a continuous
sinusoidal driving force (rather than to
a rigid wall).
How will it respond?
Resonance curve
(aka: frequency response or
transfer function or filter function)
Resonance
Sound waves
Fourier analysis
Any waveform can be analyzed as the
sum of a set of sine waves, each with a
particular amplitude, frequency, and
phase.
From time-domain
to frequency-domain
Time
Frequency
I = kp2
Decibels (dBSPL,IL)
= 20 log (p1/p0)
= 10 log (I1/I0)
where p1 is the sound pressure and I1 is the intensity of the sound of interest,
and p0 and I0 are the sound pressure and intensity of a just audible sound.
Decibel scale
Spectrogram