Animal Kingdom

By Allen Wilhelm and Zach

Affolter
 Table of Contents
Invertebrates 5: Mammals
1-Sponges A- Trunked Nose
2- Worms- B- Hoofed
a- Flatworms C- Water Dwelling
b- Roundworms
c- segmented worms
3: Mollusks
4: Arthropods-
a- Crustaceans
b- Arachnids
c- Insects
5: Cnidarians
6: Echinoderms

Vertebrates
1:Fish
A- Jawless
B- Cartilaginous
C- Bony
2: Amphibians
A- frogs and toads
B- Salamanders and Newts
3: Reptiles
A- Lizards
B- Snakes
C- Turtles
D- Alligators and crocs
4: Birds
 Invertebrates

Invertebrates do not have

backbones
 Sponges
• Are part of the Phylum Porifera
• Are Invertebrates

• Have a soft, squishy body

• Sponges have jelly like bodies
• Sponges do not have a nervous,
digestive, or circulatory system.
Instead, the energy they absorb
their food by having water
constantly flow through them
Worms
 Flatworms
• Scientifically called platyhelminthes,
in Greek platy means flat, minthe
meaning worm
• Non-parasitic animals
• Do not have internal body cavities
• Some examples are the Bedford’s
flatworm
•
 Roundworms
• Scientifically known as nematodes
• There are over 28,000 species of
roundworms
• 16,000 species are parasitic
• Unlike cnidarians or flatworms,
roundworms have a digestive
system
• An example of a roundworm is the
hookworm
•
 Segmented Worms
• There are over 9,000 identified
species of segmented worm
• These worms have their name
because their bodies are divided
into sections
• Some segmented worms, such as the
famous earthworm, help place
nutrients by fertilizing the soil.
 Mollusks

• Have a soft
rubbery body
• Usually covered
by a shell
• Octopi and snails
are examples
of Mollusks
Arthropods
 Crustaceans

• Have joined legs

• Scientists believe
that millions of
years ago
crustaceans
came out of
water and
evolved
• Horseshoe crabs
are an example
 Arachnids
• Arachnids belong to
the jointed leg
group of
Arthropods
• They have vertebra
and tend to have
a shell
• Spiders are and
example of an
Arachnid
 Insects
• There are many
different animals
that fall into this
catogories, and
there is still more
to find
• Have joined legs
• Have 3 pairs of legs
• Grasshoppers are an
example of an
insect
 Cnidarians
• Sting
• Consist of Jellyfish, sea anemones,
and other marine animals that
sting.
• Sea anemones sting animals so they
can eat them. Clownfish have a
mucus coating to protect them
•
•
•
 Echinoderms

• Have rough spiny

outsides
• They have radial
symmetry or
symmetry that
has symmetry
on the going
out and a circle
in the middle
• A sea star is an
example of this
 Vertebrates

Vertebrates have backbones

 Fish

There are three categories of

fish
Fish are vertebrates
 Jawless Fish
• Were the first vertebrates
• Do not have jaws
• The early form of these fish were much like the
mollusks and arthropods
• They most likely ate by sucking mud into their
mouths. They had filters to sort out food and
mud.
• Most had flattened bodies, so they were not very
agile
• There are only two species left, the lampreys and
hagfish
•
•
 Cartilaginous Fish
• The internal skeletons • They have one to two
of these fish are dorsal fins, a caudal
made up of a fin, an anal fin, and
rubbery, flexible two ventral fins.
material called • Some examples of
cartilage these fish are
• The scientific name for sharks and rays.
cartilaginous fish is
Chondrichthye
 Bony Fish
• Largest group of • Have an organ
fish called the swim
• Have over 20,000 bladder which
different species helps them keep
buoyancy
•
• Some examples
are Japanese Jack
Mackerel and
Herring
 Amphibians
• Include frogs, salamanders, newts,
and caecilians.
• Amphibians are ectothermic, or cold-
blooded
• When amphibians, such as frogs are
first born, they are like fish, called
tadpoles. When they are in this
state, they have gills
• When they turn into an adult, they
develop lungs, and are able to
come out of the water for a certain
 Frogs and Toads
• Are in the order Anura, which means
tailless
• Most frogs and toads have the ability
to swim and jump
• They lay eggs so they are not
mammals
• They have permeable skin which
means they can survive on land
and on water
• Some frogs and toads are the tree
 Salamanders and Newts

Salamanders
•
•Newts
•H a ve m o st o f th e
• Three types of ch a ra cte ristics a s
Salamanders, aquatic, sa la m a n d e rs
semi aquatic, and •
terrestrial •B re e d in g se a so n is fro m
• Fe b ru a ry u p u n tilJu n e
•
• Most lay eggs in water
•E g g s a re la id sin g ly a n d a re
• a tta ch e d to a q u a tic p la n ts,
• Are considered Newts in u n like fro g s a n d to a d s, w h ich
other countries la y e g g s in clu m p s
besides the USA •
•S o m e exa m p le s o f n e w ts a re
• th e fire -b e lly a n d p a d d le -ta il
Reptiles
 Lizards
• Over 3,800 species found all over the
world except in Antarctica
• Are part of a group called squamate
reptiles
• Most lizards have ears and limbs,
excluding them from snakes
•
 Snakes
• Do not have limbs or ears
• Move by slithering
• Size can be as small as
10cm and as large as
25ft
•
 Turtles
• Have a bony or cartilaginous shell
• Are cold-blooded like other reptiles
• They breath air and do not lay eggs
under water.
•
•
 Alligators and Crocodiles
alligators
•

Crocodiles
•

• There are two •A re sm a lle r th a n

remaining species- a llig a to rs
The American and •Live in co n g re g a te d
the Chinese w a te r su ch a s rive rs
Alligator a n d la ke s.
• Baby American •E a t m o stly
alligators have an ve rte b ra te s su ch a s
egg tooth to help fish .
them break out of •
the egg.
•
 Birds
• They have bodies
that are covered
with feathers
• They are not
mammals
because they lay
eggs and do not
feed their babies
milk
• All of them have
wings but not all
fly
• A penguin is an
example of a bird
Mammals
 Trunk Nosed Mammals

• There is only one

animal in this
group- the
Elephant
• Feeds mainly on
vegetation
• Has a long trunk
 Hoofed Mammals
• Hoofed animals, also known as
ungulates, are divided into two
small groups, the odd-toed and the
even-toed animals.
• The vast majority of these animals
eat some form of vegetation.
• Some hoofed mammals have horns
• Some examples of these animals are
horses and cows
 Water Dwelling Mammals
• There are over 120 species of marine
mammals.
• It is believed that cetaceans
(dolphins & other whales) evolved
from an ancient ungulate called the
Pakicetus.
• They breath air, just like us
• Some examples are cetaceans, sea
otters, and polar bears
 Bibliography
1. WIKIPEDIA IS THE SOURCE FOR MOST SLIDES!
• http://www.wikipedia.com
• http://animals.about.com/od/cnidarians/ss/cnidarians.htm
• http://www.historyoftheuniverse.com/jawlfish.html
• http://science.jrank.org/pages/1246/Cartilaginous-Fish.html
• http://www.naturehaven.com/Frog/salamander.html
• http://aqualandpetsplus.com/Amphibian,%20Newts.htm
• http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/HoofedMammals.html
• http://thewebsiteofeverything.com/habitats/Marine_Oceanic
• http://www.ossm.edu/biology/mammals.htm
• http://
www.essortment.com/all/factssegmented_rmhn.htm
•