Professional Documents
Culture Documents
3 FUNCTIONAL
GROUPS AND
HOMOLOGOUS SERIES
Lecture 3
Functional Group and Homologous Series
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson the students should be
able to :
Define functional group.
Name functional groups and classify organic
compounds according to their functional
groups.
Define homologous series and explain general
characteristics of its members.
Functional group
isan atom or group of atoms in an
organic molecule which characterised
the molecule and enables it to react in
specific ways which determines its
chemical properties.
Functional groups are important for
three reasons:
Functional Group
Class of Example
Compound Structure
Name
Alkane CH3-CH3
carbon-carbon
Alkene -C=C- double bond CH3CH=CH2
carbon-carbon
Alkyne -C C- triple bond CH3C CCH3
Aromatic Benzene ring -CH3
R-C=O CH3-C=O
Ketone R Carbonyl CH3
-C-O-C- CH3-C=O
Ester O Carboalkoxy OCH3
-C=O CH3-C=O
Acyl chloride Cl Cl
O O O O
Anhydride -C-O-C- CH3C-O-CCH3
NH2 CH C O CH3
CH2 O