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Emergence of the Animal

Kingdom
Or Rise of the Chordates
Phylum Chordata
Leading to
Subphylum Vertebrata

Chordates include the following:


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Fish
Reptiles
Amphibians
Birds
Mammals

Chordates

4 characteristics
1. notochord - support
2. post-anal tail
3. pharyngeal gill slits
4. dorsal hollow nerve cord

Chordate Characteristics

Gills in Humans! check it out

Tunicates are Chordates!


Sea Squirts
sponge like - filter feeder
larva free swimming,
bilateral with all Chordate
traits

Lancets (a primitive fish like organism) closely


resembles the idealized chordate.
The notochord, dorsal nerve cord, numerous gill
slits, and post-anal tail all persist in the adult

Copyright2002PearsonEducation,Inc.,publishingasBenjaminCummings

Ontogency Recapituates
Evolution
Evolution Playing out in Fetus
(all these Chordates (birds,
mammals, reptiles, fish, have
strikingly similar
Embryonic Development)

Chp 33 Rise of the Mammals

1.
2.
3.
4.

Definition of a Mammal:
Homoeothermic meaning that mammals
produce their own body heat
Mammary tissue - for the production of Milk
Hair Follicles - for the production of Hair
Generally, internal fertilization and harboring
of young, however, this is only a generality
because not all young are cooked to term
internally.

Monotremes an Order of Class


Mammalia

Monotremes
eg. The Platypus, which has a BILL, lays EGGS, but still has
mammary glands and produces MILK for young. This
suggests a relationship between REPTILES, BIRDS and
mammals. Imagine that?

Marsupials

eg. The Kangaroo, which is a non-placental mammal.

Here, the development of the young is very


complex, and a baby kangaroo is born very
uncooked, and must crawl into the mothers
pouch and latch onto a nipple to receive milk to
continue development. You might say, baby
Kangaroos or Joeys get a womb with a view

Kangaroo Birth

17 Weeks

Placental Mammals

eg. You well if youre female, anyway. Internal


Fertilization development of young to a highly
Advanced stage.

The Placenta is Key

In Mammals, all the Major Body


Systems are online and advanced

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Advanced Circulatory System

Respiratory System

Nervous System is online and


advanced!

Excretory System ooo look,


Kidneys!

Endocrine System Controls


you Hormones

Lots of Mammals in the Simpsons

Lastly, we can Learn Important


Lessons from Mammals like Homer

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