MATTER AROUND US

CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND

EQUATIONS
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE
NUMBER OF MOLES AND THE
NUMBER OF PARTICLES

How many books in one

dozen of chemistry books?

One dozen of Chemistry books

contain 12 books

Definition of Mole
A
O F

M O L E

I S

A N

S U B S T A N C E

C O N T A I N S

A S

P A R T I C L E S
N U M B E R
E X A C T L Y

O F

A S

T H A T
M A N Y
T H E

A T O M S

1 2 g

C A R B O N - 1 2

A M O U N T

O F

I N

Definition of Avogadro
Constant
T H E

A V O G A D R O

C O N S T A N T ,
D E F I N E D
N U M B E R
I N

O N E

A S
O F

I S

T H E
P A R T I C L E S

M O L E

S U B S T A N C E

O F

MOLE
1 mole of atomic
substance

contains

1 mole of molecular
substance

contains

1 mole of ionic
substance

contains

6.02 x 1023
atoms
6.02 x 1023
molecules
6.02 x 1023
ions

Example
1 mole of Na
contains

6.02 x 1023 sodium atoms

1 mole of H2O
6.02 x 1023 water molecules
contains
1 mole of Na+
contains

6.02 x 1023 sodium ions

6.02 x 1023

x NA

Number of
atom

Number of
mole

NA

6.02 x 1023

Example 1
Count number of atom in 0.4 mol of carbon
atom.
Solution:

The number of carbon atom is

= 0.4 mole x Avogadro constant
= 0.4 mole x 6.02 x 1023 atom
= 2.408 x 1023 atoms

Example 2
There are 3 mol hydrogen gases, H2 in one container.
Determine

H H

1. Number of hydrogen molecule, H2

2. Number of hydrogen atom

x NA

Number of mole
molecule

Number of
molecule

STEP 3 : SOLVE THE PROBLEM

So, number of molecule hydrogen, H2 ;

= 3 x Avogadro Constant
= 3 x 6.02 x 1023 molecule
= 1.81 x 1024 molecule

USE THE RELATIONSHIP

x no. of molecule formula

Number of
molecule

Number of
atom

SOLVE THE PROBLEM

= 2 x number of molecule hydrogen, H
= 2 x 1.806 x 1024 molecule
= 3.612 x 1024 atom

Example 3
Count number of NaCl in 4 mole of NaCl.
Solution;
1 mole substance

6.02 x 1023 units

4 mole NaCl = ? units

STEP 1 : GET THE INFORMATION FROM QUESTION
Number of mole NaCl = 4 mole
STEP 2 : USE THE RELATIONSHIP

4 mole NaCl = 4 x 6.02 x 1023

= 2.408 x 1024 NaCl molecules

Example 4
Count number of Cl- ions in 4 mole of NaCl.
have 1 ion Cl-

One units of NaCl

So;
One mole unit of NaCl

? ion Cl-

1 mole units of NaCl = 6.02 x 1023 units NaCl

4 mole units of NaCl = 4 x 6.02 x 1023
= 2.408 x 1024 units NaCl
There is 1 Cl- ion in NaCl,
So, there are 2.408 x 1024 Cl- ions

QUESTION 1
A sample contains 6.02 x 1025 molecules of water.
How many moles of water are there in the sample?
A. 300 moles
B. 10 moles
C. 100 moles
D. 15 moles

Answer:
C. 100 mole

Explanation

Number of
molecule

NA

Number of
mole

So,
No of mole of water are
= 6.02 x 1025
6.02 x 1023

NA

= 100 moles
BACK

QUESTION 2
Find the number of mole of hydrogen gas, H2
containing 3.01 x 1024 hydrogen molecules,
H2.
A. 7 mole
B. 5 mole
C. 10 mole
D. 4 mole

Explanation

Number of
molecule

NA

Number of
mole

So,
No of mole of hydrogen gas are
= 3.01 x 1024
6.02 x 1023

NA

= 5 moles
BACK

QUESTION 3
How many moles of bromine gas, Br2 contain
1.505 x 1024 molecules of bromine gas, Br2?
A. 3.0 moles
B. 4.5 moles
C. 1.0 moles
D. 2.5 moles

Explanation

Number of
molecule

NA

Number of
mole

So,
No of mole of bromine gas are
= 1.505 x 1024
6.02 x 1023

NA

= 2.5 moles
BACK

QUESTION 1
A closed glass bottle contains 0.5 mol of oxygen
gas, O2. How many oxygen gas molecules, O2 are
there in the bottle?

Number of
mole

X NA

Number of
molecule

So,
No. of oxygen gas molecule,O2 are
= 0.5 x 6.02 x 1023
= 3.01 x 1023

NA

BACK

QUESTION 2
A closed glass bottle contains 0.5 mol of oxygen gas, O2.
How many oxygen atoms are there in the bottle?

x NA
Number of
mole molecule

x no. of molecule formula

Number of
molecule

Number of
atom

No. of oxygen gas molecule,O2 are

= 0.5 x 6.02 x 1023
= 3.01 x 1023
So,
No. of oxygen atom are
= 3.01 x 1023 x 2
= 6.02 x 1023

NA

No. of molecule formula

BACK

QUESTION 3
Find the number of moles of CO2 molecules in a sample
containing 9.03 x 1023 molecules of carbon dioxide, CO2.

Number of
molecule

NA

Number of
mole

So,
No of mole of CO2 gas molecule are
= 9.03 x 1023
6.02 x 1023

NA

= 1.5 moles
BACK

QUESTION 1
A container contains 1.806 x 1023 oxygen molecules,O2. A
sample of 0.5 mol of oxygen gas, O2 is added to the
container. How many molecules are there altogether in the
container?

Number of
mole

X NA

Number of
molecule

0.5 mole of O2 gas contain

= 0.5 x 6.02 x 1023

NA

= 3.01 x 1023 molecules

So,
No. of O2 molecules in the container are
= 3.01 x 1023 + 1.806 x 1023
= 4.816 x 1023 molecules
BACK

QUESTION 2
Calcium is needed for the formation of bones and teeth.
How many calcium ions are there in a serving of cereal
that contains 0.007 mol of calcium ions?

Number of
mole

X NA

Number of
Unit ions

So,
No. of Ca2+ ions are
= 0.07 x 6.02 x 1023

NA

= 4.214 x 1021

BACK

QUESTION 3
Given 1 mol of hydrogen gas, H2 and 0.7 mol
of sulphur dioxide, SO2. Which one has more
atoms?

x NA
Number of
mole molecule

x no. of molecule formula

Number of
molecule

Number of
atom

1 mole of H2 gas contain

= 1 x 6.02 x 1023 x 2

2 H atoms

= 1.204 x 1024
0.7 mole of SO2 gas contain
= 0.7 x 6.02 x 1023 x 3

1 S atom and 2 O atoms

= 1.2642 x 1024
So, 0.7 mole of SO2 has more atoms

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