CH2: MATLAB BASICS

MATLAB PROGRAMMING FOR ENGINEERS

Matlab Programming for Engineers

Introduction to Matlab
Matlab Basics
Branching Statements
Loops
User Defined Functions
Additional Data Types
Input/Output Functions
Simulink Toolbox
Important Toolboxes (if time is available)
Dr. Nidal Farhat
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Objectives:
Variables and Arrays
Initializing Variables in MATLAB
Multidimensional Arrays
Subarrays

Special Values

Displaying Output Data

Data Files
Scalar and Array Operations
Hierarchy of Operations
Built-in MATLAB Functions
Introduction to Plotting
Debugging MATLAB Programs

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CH2: MATLAB BASICS

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CH2: MATLAB BASICS

Variables and Arrays

The fundamental unit of data in any Matlab program is the Array

Any element of the array can
be retrieved by its indexes
Arrays could be matrices or
vectors (row or column)
Matlab variable is the region
a(3,2)
of memory containing an array
Matlab variable
letter + (letter, number, _)
Variable type:
1. double precession
(real, complex)
2. Character
'How are you?'

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CH2: MATLAB BASICS

Creating and initializing variables in Matlab

1. Initializing variables in assignment statements
var = expression;
var = 40i;
var2 = var/5;

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var = [1 2 3 4];

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Creating and initializing variables in Matlab

1. Initializing variables in assignment statements

a = [0 1+7];
a = [0 8]
b = [ a(2) 7 a];
b = [8 7 0 8]
c(2,3) = 5;
c= 0 0 0
0 0 5

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Creating and initializing variables in Matlab

2. Initializing variables with Shortcut Expression
colon operator (:)
first : incr : last
Ex:
x = 1:2:10;
x = [1 3 5 7 9]
angles = (0.01:0.01:1)*pi;
f = [1:4]';
if no incr is used default incr=1
(') is the transpose operator.
g = [1:4];
h = [g' g'];

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Creating and initializing variables in Matlab

3. Initializing variables with Built-in Function

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Creating and initializing variables in Matlab

4. Initializing variables with Keyboard Input
my_val = input('Enter an input value: ');

v1 = input('Enter data: ');

v2 = input('Enter data: ', 's');

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Multidimensional Arrays

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Multidimensional Arrays

Array as introduced

2. Accessing this array with one dimension index

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How the array is stored in computer memory

1. Storing Multidimensional Array in Memory

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Subarrays

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Subarrays
1. The end Function (highest value of a given subscript)

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2. Left-hand side Subarrays

assignment statement

Subarrays
3. Assigning a scalar to
a subarray

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Special Values

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Displaying Output Data

Default Matlab Format == Four Digits After the Decimal Point

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Displaying Output Data (NUMBER FORMAT)

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Displaying Output Data (disp and fprintf functions)

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Data Files (save)

save filename var1 var2 var3
save filename var1 var2 var3 -ascii

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*.mat
text format (ascii)

CH2: MATLAB BASICS

MATLAB PROGRAMMING FOR ENGINEERS

Data Files (save)

save filename var1 var2 var3
save filename var1 var2 var3 -ascii

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*.mat
text format (ascii)

CH2: MATLAB BASICS

MATLAB PROGRAMMING FOR ENGINEERS

Data Files (load)

load filename.mat var1 var2
load filename.*

(*.mat file format, loads specific variables)

(any other format, loads all the file
data in the file must have array structure)

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Scalar and Array Operations

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Scalar and Array

Operations

Very important

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Scalar and Array Operations

Matrix left division (a\b)

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Hierarchy of Operations
Distance = 0.5 * acceleration* (time^2)
Distance = (0.5 * acceleration* time)^2

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Not the same!

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Class Work

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CH2: MATLAB BASICS

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Built-in Matlab Functions

1 . Optional results

Optional

2. Most of functions
accept array inputs

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Built-in Matlab Functions (Common Functions)

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Built-in Matlab Functions (Common Functions)

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Plotting in Matlab

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Printing a Plot / Exporting a Plot as a Graphical Image

>> print <options> <filename>

>> help print

If no filename is specified,
plot is printed on the printer

(to see print options)

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CH2: MATLAB BASICS

Printing a Plot / Exporting a Plot as a Graphical Image

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Multiple plots
Plot the following functions on the same figure
f(x) = sin(2x) and its first derivative over x = 0:pi/100:2*pi

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Multiple plots
Plot the following functions on the same figure
f(x) = sin(2x) and its first derivative over x = 0:pi/100:2*pi

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Line Color, Line Style, Marker Style, and Legends

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Line Color, Line Style, Marker Style, and Legends

Line Color, Line Style, and Marker Style:

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Line Color, Line Style, Marker Style, and Legends

Legends:
>> legend off (removes the legend from the plot)
>> legend('string1' , 'string1' , ,'location', 'value from table')

NW

NL

NC

NR

NE

TW

TL

TC

TR

TE

MW

ML

MC

MR

ME

BW

BL

BC

BR

BE

SW

SL

SC

SR

SE

Limits of
plot axes

Be aware of the version of Matlab you are using, see help legend
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Logarithmic Scale
>> plot
>> semilogx
>> semilogy
>> loglog

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Example

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Home Work
Solve the following problems
2. [9, 10 , 11, 16]

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CH2: MATLAB BASICS