Power System Analysis

Dr. M. VARADARAJAN
EEE, SCE

References

1. Power System Analysis, J. J. Grainger and W. D. Stevenson, Tata

MaGraw-Hill, 2005.
2. Electrical Power Systems, C. L. Wadhwa, New Age International
Publishers, 2010.
3. Power Systems Analysis, A. R. Bergen and V. Vittal, Prentice Hall, 2000
4. Modern Power System Analysis, I. J. Nagrath

and D. P. Kothari, Tata

MaGraw-Hill, 2003
5. Power System Analysis and Design, B. R. Gupta, S. Chand Ltd, 2005
6. Electric Energy Systems Theory - An Introduction, O. L. Elgerd, Tata
MaGraw-Hill, 2005.
EEE
VARADARAJAN
7. Computer
Methods in PowerM.System
Analysis, G. W. Stagg and A. H. El- 2

Course Objectives

EEE

M. VARADARAJAN

Power System Analysis Need

The planning, design, and operation of (industrial and commercial)
power systems require several studies to assist in the evaluation of
the initial and future system performance, system reliability,
safety, and the ability to grow with production and/or operating
requirements.

Typical Studies

Load flow studies

Switching transient

Short-circuit studies

studies

Stability studies

Reliability studies

Motor-starting studies

Cable ampacity

Harmonic analysis studies

studies
Coordination studies

EEE

M. VARADARAJAN

Power System Analysis Applications

The planning, design, and operation of (industrial and commercial) power
systems require several studies to assist in the evaluation of the initial and
future system performance, system reliability, safety, and the ability to
grow with production and/or operating requirements.
Studies, properly conceived and conducted, are a cost-effective way to
prevent surprises and to optimize equipment selection.
In the design stage, the studies identify and avoid potential deficiencies in
the system before it goes into operation.
In existing systems, the studies help locate the cause of equipment failure
and misoperation, and determine corrective measures for improving
system performance.
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M. VARADARAJAN

Organizati
on
1. Introduction to power systems , modelling of power system
components and per unit system & its uses
2. Power Flow / Load Flow analysis State variables, power
flow formulation and solving power flow equations using
iterative techniques.
3. Three-phase fault analysis using impedance matrix
selection of circuit breakers.
4. Unsymmetrical

fault

analysis

using

symmetrical

components
5. Power system stability steady state and transient ( rotor
angle stability )
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M. VARADARAJAN

Some
Basics

DC system or AC system

AC Power System

Energy or Power

Power

Types of Power and its

Active, Reactive, Complex

Significance
Balanced / unbalanced load
Phasor of AC quantity

Balanced load
Sinusoidal Phasor
Nodal Analysis

Equivalent circuit
Mesh / Nodal Analysis

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M. VARADARAJAN

History of Power System

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Structure of Power System

Electric Power Systems vary in size and structural components but have the sam
basic characteristics.

1. Three-phase AC systems operating at constant voltage and frequency.

2. Balanced three-phase system ( source and load).

3. Synchronous machines for generation of electricity.

4. Transmit power over significant distances to consumers spread over a wide ar

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Structure Of Power System

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Elements of Power System

Nod
e
For Export and
Import / Tie Lines

Step Down
Transforme
r

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Elements of Power System

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Interconnected Power System

1. Improved system security and economy of operation.

2. Construction of larger and economical generating units
3. Transmission of large blocks of power/energy
4. Reduced reserve requirements by sharing of capacity
between areas
5. Flexibility to meet unforeseen emergency demands

The design of such a system and its secure operation are

indeed challenging Problems
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Vertically Integrated Power System

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Restructured Power System

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Restructured Power System

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Power System Parameters

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Power System Parameters

10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10

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50

100

150

200
wt, degree

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300

350

400

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Power System Parameters

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-10
-20

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50

100

150

200
wt, degree

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300

350

400

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Power Flow

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One line diagram and reactance diagram

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