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PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

FOR NURSERY RAISING


By
Muhammad Irfan Arshad
Credit & VO Help Officer
National Program for Food Security
Rahim Yar Khan
ADVANTAGES OF TRANSPLANTING

Saving of expensive hybrid seeds


Economy in the care of slowly developing
seedlings
Weed control is quite easy
Can be grown successfully even if field is
not leveled precisely
Transplanting hastens maturity
DISADVANTAGES OF TRANSPLANTING

Extra labor is required for sowing of


nursery and then its transplanting in
the field
Slowing down of plant growth due to
transplanting shock
VEGETABLES TRANSPLANTED
Sweet pepper( 1 Hot pepper( 2
VEGETABLES TRANSPLANTED
Tomato(3 Brinjal( 4
VEGETABLES SEEDED DIRECTALY
Cucumber( 1 Muskmelon( 2
VEGETABLES SEEDED DIRECTALY
Water melon( 3 Bitter gourd( 4
VEGETABLES SEEDED DIRECTALY
Squashes( 5 Pumpkin( 6
SITE SELECTION
Best available healthy soil
Accessibility to water
Near to Farm building
Away from trees and
shrubs
Elevated field at the Farm
LAND PREPARATION
Must be started well before seeding
Mixing of well decomposed plant
residues
FYM is not recommended
Addition of 10-50-10 NPK kg per acre
Flooding of insecticide against
termite
Sterilization of soil
TIME OF SOWING
Varies from one location to another
Depends upon kind of vegetable
Time the produce desired in the
market
 Sweet pepper 15th Sep. to 30th Sep.
 Hot pepper 15th Sep. to 30th Sep.
 Tomato 01st Oct. to 15th Oct.
 Brinjal 15th Sep. to 30th Sep.
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SOWING OF NURSERY

 Structure of
walk in tunnel
 Insect screen
to avoid
seedlings from
insect pests
METHODOLOGY
1. Preparation of two
raised beds:-
i( width 4.5 feet
ii( height 6-8 inch
ii( central path 2 feet
2. Covering of beds
with thick layer of
imported silt
3. Precision leveling of
beds
Continued
METHODOLOGY
4. Placement of
Single seed in ½
inch grooved lines
5. Covering seeds
with mixture of
well decomposed
plant residues and
silt
Continued
VEGETABLES SEEDED DIRECTALY
6. Covering beds
with slight layer of
mulching material
7. Watering with
hand sprinkler
8. Removal of
mulching material
before germination
LINE AND PLANT SPACING
Line to line distance 3.0 inch

Plant to plant distance 3.0 inch

Seeding depth 0.5 inch


SEED AND AREA REQUIREMENT
Requirement of seed
 Total plants required 13440
 Germination 90%
 Mortality 10%
 Total seeds required 16800
Requirement of area
 Walkin Tunnel 123 X 14 feet (1722 sq. ft.(
WATER REQUIREMENT
 Beds should never be allowed to dry out, nor should it
be kept soaked
 Before plant establishment, soil should be kept fairly
moist but not wet
 After plant establishment, watering should be done
thoroughly, but not too often
 More water is required on a bright day than on a
cloudy day
 Watering should be done early enough in the day
WEED MANAGEMENT
Weedicide is not recommended
for nursery crops

Hand weeding is generally


practiced
PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL
 White fly i( Acetameprid
 Army worm i( Lufenuron
ii( Spinosad
iii( Emamectin
 Thrips i( Spinosad
 Leaf minor i( Cyromazine
 Termite i( Imidacloprid
ii( Chloripyriphos
DISEASES AND THEIR CONTROL
Damping-off i( Carbendazim
Blight i( Dimethomorph +
mancozeb
ii( Cymoxanil + mancozeb
iii( Metalaxyl + mancozeb
Root rot i( Carbendazim
ii( Metalaxyl + mancozeb
SEEDLINGS AGE
Sweet pepper 35-40 DAYS

Hot pepper 35-40 DAYS

Tomato 25-30 DAYS

Brinjal 35-40 DAYS


HARDENING
Hardening is a technique used to slow
plant growth prior to transplanting

Seedlings are not watered before


transplantation
Plants are exposed to relatively high
temperature with the removal of insect
screen
TRANSPLANTATION
Watering 24 hours before uprooting
the plants
Seedlings with poor root growth
should be discarded
Dipping of plant roots in fungicide
solution
Transplantation should be done in the
evening
QUALITIES OF GOOD TRANSPLANTS
Ideal transplants should never have
flowers or buds
Must be young having six to eight
leaves and 6 to 8 inches height
It does not exhibit rapid vegetative
growth
Slightly hardened at transplanting
time
SUCCESS OF TRANSPLANTATION
Hardness of plants at the time of
uprooting
Length of time between uprooting
and planting
Soil and weather conditions
Presence or absence of disease in
the plants
THANKS

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