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United Arab Emirates University

Faculty Of Engineering
Graduation Project Unit
Graduation Project I

Design of Sour Gas


Treatment Plant
Faculty Advisor: Dr.Fahmi Abu Al-Rub
Industrial Contact: Dr.Mohamed Al-Marzouqi
Coordinator: Dr.Salah Al-Omary.

United Arab Emirates University


Faculty Of Engineering
Graduation Project Unit
Graduation Project I

Done by:

Osama Ali

980715144

Yousif Mohammed

980710588

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment


Plant

Done By : Osama Ali & Yousif


Mohammed

Introduction
Processes Selection
Absorption Process by Amine Solution

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Natural Gas
Non-Hydrocarbon
(Sour Gas)

Hydrocarbon

What is Sour Gas?


Sour Gas is acidic gases such as Carbon dioxide and
hydrogen sulphide.

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Note: The composition of components is from ADMA Company

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Industrial
effects

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Environment
al effects

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

- Corrosive material
- Reduce the heating value
- Non-combustible component

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

- H2S is a highly toxic


- Colorless
- Flammable gas
- 4.3% LEL and 45% HEL by volume with an
auto-ignition temperature of 500oF
(292oC). Heavier than air (1.18 times
heavier).
- It may accumulate in dangerous
concentrations in drains, valve pits, vessels
and tanks.

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Hydrogen sulphide must be less than 6 mg/m3


to prevent the effect of corrosion in process
equipment.
Carbon dioxide is limited to 2% maximum to
prevent dilution of the heat producing
combustible sales gas.

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Conditions of Sour gas


Vapor fraction
Temperature (oC)
Pressure (psi)
Mass flow rate (lb/hr)

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

1
27
200
12720

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Absorption

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Adsorption

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Absorption process is used to remove a component (solute)


from the gas stream by contacting the gas with a liquid
solution (solvent).
Sweet Gas
Lean
Solvent

Natural
Gas
Rich
Solvent

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Adsorption is the process of removing impurities from a gas


stream by means of a solid material called adsorbent that has
special attraction for the impurities.

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Absorption requires mass transfer of


substance from the gas stream to the
liquid.
The component which is absorbed is
called solute and the liquid is called
solvent.
The relation between Absorption &
Stripping
If the concentration of the vapor and liquid are in
equilibrium, no driving force exist so no mass transfer
will occur
Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif Mohammed

High solubility.
Low volatility.
Easy to recovery.
Low viscosity.
Low cost.

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

The alkanolamines are the most generally accepted


and widely used solvent for the removal of H2S and
CO2 from natural gas.

Acid Base Salt Water


H 2 S A min e A min e Sulfide H 2 O

CO2 A min e A min e Carbamate H 2 O

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

MonoEtanol Amine (MEA)

DiEthanol Amine (DEA)

(MDEA)

Methyldiethanolamine

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

From the three types of amines, DEA


amine is selected. The reasons for select
DEA are in following points:
1. DAE is much less corrosive to carbon steel than
MEA
2. DEA is less volatile then MEA
3. MDEA is much less reactive than either DEA

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Process Description
The gas sweetening process consists basically of two parts :
a. Absorption

b. Regeneration

Process Reaction

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

Absorption with amine was selected.


Among the amine processes, the DEA
process was found to be the best to treat
the sour gas with the suggest specifications.
Sour gas contains H2S and CO2, H2S was
highly toxic, thus experiment analysis could
not be carried out in our laboratories. Since
H2S safety requirements are not available in
the Chemical Engineering Department
laboratories.
GP 1 : Design of Sour Gas Treatment

Done By :

Osama Ali & Yousif

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