Reinforcing Steel Bars

RE-BARS
commonly used as a tension
device
in reinforced
concrete and
reinforced masonry structure.
to strengthen and hold the
concrete in compression.
It is usually in the form
of carbon steel bars or wires,
and the surfaces may be
deformed for a better bond with
the concrete

Specifications and Grading

ASTM vs PNS
Codes

Popular
Nomenclature

Typical Application

Grade 33 / PNS
230

Structural Grade

Low-rise Buildings and Low Loading

Conditions

Grade 40 / PNS
275

Intermediate Grade

Medium-rise Structures /
Infrastructure Work

Grade 60 / PNS
415

High-Tensile Grade

Medium & High-rise Structures /

Infrastructure

Specifications and Grading

Table of Standards
STANDARD WEIGHT OF DEFORMED ROUND STEEL BARS
Bar Diameter Unit Weight
mm
Kg/m

Bar Commercial Length

6.0 m

7.5 m

9.0 m

10.5 m

12.0 m

10

0.616

3.696

4.620

5.544

6.468

7.392

12

0.888

5.328

6.660

7.992

9.324

10.656

16

1.578

9.468

11.835

14.202

16.569

18.936

20

2.466

14.796

18.495

22.194

25.893

29.592

25

3.853

23.118

28.898

34.677

40.457

46.236

28

4.834

29.004

36.255

43.506

50.757

58.008

32

6.313

37.878

47.348

56.817

66.287

75.756

36

7.990

47.940

59.925

71.910

83.895

95.880

Bar Splice
How to determine
splicing length of
steel bars
Type of
reinforcement:
Tension Bars (25
x Bar size +
150mm)
Compression
Bars (20 x Bar
size + 160mm)

Hooks and Bends

Nominal size
of bar

10

12

16

20

25

32

40

Hook
allowance

180

210

240

280

340

400

480

Bend
allowance

130

130

150

170

190

220

250

Radius

30

36

48

60

75

96

120

Bends that form end anchorag

Semi- circular hooks

Reinforcement of Concrete Hollow

Blocks

By Area Method:
Solve for the area
Spacing is given at plan, then refer to table above
Multiply the area by the factor for both horizontal and
vertical then add.
Convert to commercial length

Example:
Determine the number of CHB from a 4x3m wall, its
vertical reinforcement spaced at 80cm, Horizontal
reinforcement at every 3 layers.
Area = 4x3m
Area = 12 sqm

# CHB = 12 x 13 = 156 pcs

Vertical Reinforcement , since spaced at 80cm.

12 sqm x 1.60(factor) = 19.20 m long
Horizontal bars at every 3 layers
12 sqm x 2.15(factor) = 25.80 m long
Total = 45 m

Say, we use 6m comml length

45 / 6m = 7.5 or 8 10mm x 6m long

Post and Column Reinforcement

Determine the total length of the main steel
bars ( Bend, height of footing floor
extended, depth of beam that will pass
thru, floor slab thickness to which it will be
connected)

Lateral Ties
The ACI code provides that:
All non pre-stressed bars for tied column shall be enclosed by a
lateral ties of at least no. 3 in size for longitudinal bars no. 10 or
smaller and at least no.4 in size for no. 11 to 18 and bundled
longitudinal bars.

It just simply means that lateral ties spacing shall NOT

exceed the following:
1. 16 x the longitudinal bar diameter
2. 48 x the lateral tie bar diameter
3. The least dimension of the column

Stirrups for Beams and Girders

Stirrups structural reinforcing member
that holds or binds together reinforcement
of a beam or girder to a designed position.

Two types of Stirrups (commonly used)

Example:
A concrete beam with a cross sectional dim of 25x40 cm
required 10mm open stirrups spaced. Prepare the order of
10mm steel bars for stirrups of 8 beams with the same
category.

a. By direct counting there are 24 stirrups at 98cm or lets say

1m long
b. Total number of stirrups = 192 pcs
c. Using 6m 10mm; divide = (192/6) = 32 pcs x 6m-10mm
d. Your order: 32 pcs -10mm x 6m steel bars

End Part 1

One way reinforced

concrete slab

Typical slab reinforcement

Sample:
Given data :
Slab = 2.20 x 1.20 m
Use 12mm diameter
a. L = 2.20 2 (0.04) = 2.12m
b. W = 1.20 2(0.04) = 1.12m
c. L / 0.40m = 2.12m/0/40m = 5.30
d. W/0.40cm = 1.12 /0.40 = 2.80
e. Multiply 5.30 x 1.12 x 2 = 11.872m- one side
f. Multiply 2.80 x 2.12 x 2 = 11.872m other side
g. Add = 23.744
h. Divide comml length; say 6m = 3.96 or 4pcs12mm 6m