Vit Ting Anh Hc Thut

T chc lp vit bo khoa hc Y khoa ng trn tp ch quc

t (10)

Kha Thi c
i hc Y Dc TP H Ch Minh Gim c trung tm vit bo khoa hc bng ting Anh

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Tiu s c nhn
Kha Thi c (Ted Knoy) dy vit ting Anh k
thut trong cc trng i hc i Loan hn hai
mi nm. ng l tc gi ca mi bn cun sch
v vit ting Anh k thut v chuyn nghip. ng
thnh lp mt trung tm vit ting Anh ti trng i
hc Y Yunpei ng thi cng l ging vin ton thi
gian ti trng. ng chnh sa trn 55,000 bi
vit cho vic ng bo nghin cu khoa hc t nm
1989. ng l cng nh bin tp ting anh cho mt s
tp ch v khoa hc, k thut v y hc ca i Loan.

A. Nn tng (Background)

Thit lp cc xut nghin cu (Setting of research proposal): M t

mt xu hng ph bin, pht trin hoc hin tng trong lnh vc ca bn
ngi c c th hiu c bi cnh m bn xut nghin cu ang
c thc hin .

Vn nghin cu (Research problem) : M t cc hn ch chnh hoc

tht bi ca cc nghin cu trc y hoc cc phng php nghin
cu khi gii quyt cc xu hng, pht trin hoc hin tng nu .

c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu (Quantitative

specification of research problem): nh lng hoc a ra mt v d v
vn nghin cu c trch dn trong ti liu tham kho trc .

Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu (Importance of research

problem) : M t cc hu qu v mt l thuyt v thc t nu khng gii
quyt vn nghin cu.

B. Thc hin (Action)

Mc tiu nghin cu (Research objective) : M t mc tiu ca nghin

cu xut ca bn v bao gm cc c im chnh ring bit ca
nghin cu t c mc tiu nghin cu , iu m khng c
thc hin trong nghin cu trc y ( mt cu )

Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu (Methodology to

achieve research objective) : M t ba hoc bn bc chnh t
c mc tiu nghin cu ca bn .

Kt qu d kin ( Anticipated results) : M t cc kt qu nh lng

m bn hy vng s t c trong nghin cu ca bn.

ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin (Theoretical and

practical contribution to field) : M t cch thc phng php hoc
kt qu nghin cu xut ca bn s ng gp v mt l thuyt trong
lnh vc nghin cu, quy lut v cng ng gp thit thc trong sn
xut, ngnh cng nghip dch v.

V d 1:
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu: As an auto-immune disease with a high
frequency in childbearing women, lupus nephritis is treated with corticosteroid
therapy as the first line drug to prevent its progression. However, among its
many side effects, corticosteroid therapy can lead to osteosporosis, increasing
the likelihood of high risk fractures.
Vn nghin cu: Previous studies on corticosteroid usage in an elderly
population with chronic bone and joint diseases have failed to address the onset
of osteosporosis in young women with lupus nephritis.
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu: For instance,
according to the literature, chronic corticosteroid therapy leads to osteosporosis
in 20-50% of patients and is the highest among menopausal women.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu: The failure to address the onset of
osteosporosis in young women with lupus nephritis makes it impossible to
determine not only the number of patients who acquire corticosteroid induced
osteosporosis during therapy but also the length of the onset of osteosporosis.

V d 1 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu: Based on the above, we should attempt to identify the onset
of osteosporosis early in lupus nephritis patients with long-term corticosteroid
usage.
Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu: To do so, bone mineral density
(BMD) of patients under corticosteroid therapy can be determined using Double X
ray Absortion (DXA). The percentage of lupus nephritis patients suffering from the
onset of osteosporosis can then be estimated. (NOTE: Add 1-2 sentences)
Kt qu d kin: As anticipated, analysis results can indicate that approximately
30% of all lupus nephritis patients incur osteosporosis from long-term
corticosteroid. (NOTE: Add any secondary anticipated results)
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin: In addition to determining the
percentage of corticosteroid induced osteosporosis among childbearing women with
lupus nephritis, results of this study can facilitate the early diagnosis of
osteosporosis, ultimately leading to a modification of the therapeutic regime when
necessary to improve quality of life for patients.

V d 2:
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu: Given the major role of wound assessment in related care
and management, clinical nurses often assess a wound very simply by evaluating its severity
only by concrete items such as whether it is dry, clean or infected; or whether it exudates yet
fails to assess the basic criteria items for a wound.
Vn nghin cu: Clinical nursing knowledge in developing countries such as Vietnam on
local wound assessment is taught only briefly in most university training curricula, with
relatively little attention on wound care. In particular, nursing students are seldom oriented on
how to implement a wound assessment procedure.
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu: For instance, according to Czech
research on the assessment and document of non-healing, chronic wounds, the risk of nonhealing wounds derives from the inconsistent way in which nurses perform wound
assessment. Alternatively, wounds would more likely heal if the wounds were assessed based
on basic items in a wound (e.g., size, depth and location) rather than based on concrete ones
(e.g., exudates and sign of infection).
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu: The inability to thoroughly elucidate the feasibility of
implementing DESIGN-R wound assessment procedure makes it impossible for clinical nurses
to perform such an assessment easily and accurately, thus endangering full patient recovery.

V d 2 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu: Based on the above, we should evaluate the
feasibility of implementing a clinical nursing training program on
DESIGN-R wound assessment by determining not only the mean
scores of clinical nurses (i.e. before, after and one month after
attending the training program), but also the factors to induce
successful implementation of DESIGN-R wound assessment.
Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu: To do so, a group
of clinical nurses can be trained on how to evaluate a wound by using
DESIGN-R wound assessment. Following completion of the program, ,
the scores of those clinical nurses (before and after training) can be
collected and analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software. (NOTE: You should
add 1-2 more sentences of the methodology)

V d 2 (cont.)
Kt qu d kin: As anticipated, analysis results can indicate
that clinical nurses achieve a higher wound assessment score
after the training, demonstrating their proficiency inwound
assessment skills. (NOTE: Add any secondary anticipated results)
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin: Importantly,
results of this study can significantly contribute to efforts to
implement DESIGN-R wound assessment training in developing
countries such as Vietnam, following modification of the program
to reflect the practical needs of local nurses and medical staff
such as physicians and medical technicians, ultimately ensuring
that full patient recovery is achieved following adequate care,
treatment and continuous monitoring of the wound.

V d 3:
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu: Previously known only as a skin
disorder, psoriasis is fatal since it also harms internal organs.
Vn nghin cu: However, knowledge of the systemic problems
associated with psoriatic patients is generally lacking in Asia (NOTE: owing
to what CONSTRAINTS or LIMITATIONS or NEGLECTED FACTORS is this
knowledge lacking?)
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu: For instance,
while the number of psoriasis patients evolving into systemic disorders
reached 20% in the United States, relevant data on Asian patients is scarce.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu: The inability to fully understand
the scope of Asian psoriatic patients suffering from systemic disorders such
as in Vietnam makes it impossible for dermatologists to diagnose internal
organ damage caused to those patients.

V d 3 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu: Based on the above, we should evaluate Asian
psoriatic patients in Vietnam both internally and externally, not only for a skin
disorder.
Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu: To do so, psoriatic
patients can be categorized based on factors such as gender, age, and
degree of severity. The patients can then be examined thoroughly with
clinical and laboratory tests. Next, the number of patients who incur
systemic problems can be determined.
Kt qu d kin: As anticipated, analysis results can indicate that the
number of psoriatic patients with systemic problems reaches nearly 20%.
(NOTE: Add any secondary anticipated results)
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin: Results of this study can
shed light on how psoriasis affects Asian patients, motivating
dermatologists to examine the patients more thoroughly than previously.

V d 4:
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu: Given the prevalence of epilepsy worldwide and
the role of monotherapy as the conventional means of controlling its occurrence, an
increasing number of epileptic patients receive combination therapy for treatment. Still,
the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) has recently announced an
international standard to achieve a consensus when determining the outcome of
epileptic therapy.
Vn nghin cu: However, despite its increasing popularity, combination therapy
in epilepsy treatment is cited as having an inadequate concentration during treatment.
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu: For instance, according to
previous studies, patients receiving combination therapy account for 20-40% of all
epileptic patients.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu: The inability to more thoroughly understand
the nature of inadequate concentration in combination therapy makes it impossible to
explain why physicians increasingly discontinue monotherapy and opt for combination
therapy, resulting in a situation in which epileptic patients receive unnecessary daily
dosages of therapeutic drugs.

V d 4 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu: Based on the above, we should
determine whether the increasing discontinuation of
monotherapy is owing to inherent failures or other factors,
which is especially relevant given the recent ILAE call for a
consensus on classifying the outcome of epileptic treatment.
Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu: To do so,
a large group of patients who have received more than one
antiepileptic drug can be interviewed using a questionnaire
survey. Those results can then be analyzed using SPSS
version 22 software. Next, the response of each patient to a
specific drug can be classified based on the ILAE standard.
(NOTE: Add 1-2 sentences)

V d 4 (cont.)
Kt qu d kin: As anticipated, analysis results can
indicate that most patients undergo polytherapy owing to
failure of monotherapy. Other reasons for discontinuation
of monotherapy can be identified as well.
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin:
Importantly, in addition to thoroughly elucidating the use of
multi drugs in epileptic treatment, results of this study can
also identify other factors for discontinuation of
monotherapy which are not related to drug failure,
ultimately contributing to efforts to reduce the number of
epileptic patients following combination.

Ti liu tham kho

Knoy, T (2002) Writing Effective Work
Proposals. Taipei: Yang Chih Publishing

Further details can be found at

http://www.chineseowl.idv.tw