Vit Ting Anh Hc Thut

T chc lp vit bo khoa hc Y khoa ng trn tp ch quc

t (12)

Kha Thi c
i hc Y Dc TP H Ch Minh Gim c trung tm vit bo khoa hc bng ting Anh

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Tiu s c nhn
Kha Thi c (Ted Knoy) dy vit ting Anh k
thut trong cc trng i hc i Loan hn hai
mi nm. ng l tc gi ca mi bn cun sch
v vit ting Anh k thut v chuyn nghip. ng
thnh lp mt trung tm vit ting Anh ti trng i
hc Y Yunpei ng thi cng l ging vin ton thi
gian ti trng. ng chnh sa trn 55,000 bi
vit cho vic ng bo nghin cu khoa hc t nm
1989. ng l cng nh bin tp ting anh cho mt s
tp ch v khoa hc, k thut v y hc ca i Loan.

A. Nn tng (Background)

Thit lp cc xut nghin cu (Setting of research proposal): M t

mt xu hng ph bin, pht trin hoc hin tng trong lnh vc ca bn
ngi c c th hiu c bi cnh m bn xut nghin cu ang
c thc hin .

Vn nghin cu (Research problem) : M t cc hn ch chnh hoc

tht bi ca cc nghin cu trc y hoc cc phng php nghin
cu khi gii quyt cc xu hng, pht trin hoc hin tng nu .

c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu (Quantitative

specification of research problem): nh lng hoc a ra mt v d v
vn nghin cu c trch dn trong ti liu tham kho trc .

Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu (Importance of research

problem) : M t cc hu qu v mt l thuyt v thc t nu khng gii
quyt vn nghin cu.

B. Thc hin (Action)

Mc tiu nghin cu (Research objective) : M t mc tiu ca nghin

cu xut ca bn v bao gm cc c im chnh ring bit ca
nghin cu t c mc tiu nghin cu , iu m khng c
thc hin trong nghin cu trc y ( mt cu )

Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu (Methodology to

achieve research objective) : M t ba hoc bn bc chnh t
c mc tiu nghin cu ca bn .

Kt qu d kin ( Anticipated results) : M t cc kt qu nh lng

m bn hy vng s t c trong nghin cu ca bn.

ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin (Theoretical and

practical contribution to field) : M t cch thc phng php hoc
kt qu nghin cu xut ca bn s ng gp v mt l thuyt trong
lnh vc nghin cu, quy lut v cng ng gp thit thc trong sn
xut, ngnh cng nghip dch v.

V d 1:
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu Dyspnea causes inflicted
individuals to seek urgent medical care, explaining its frequency in
hospital emergency rooms. Distinguishing between heart dypnea
(e.g., that from heart failure) and respiratory dyspnea (e.g., that of the
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma due to overlapping of
history and clinical symptoms) is extremely difficult, especially in
elderly subjects.
Vn nghin cu Recently recognized as capable of increasing
the ability to diagnose heart failure and distinguishing dyspnea from
cardiac or pulmonary disease, echocardiography and biological
markers of sodium diuretic peptide (BNP, NT-pro BNP) secreted by
the heart muscle {NOTE: You need to state the weakness or limitation
of previous research in relation to this. If not, you are only stating a
fact. HOW ABOUT are infeasible for emergency care settings owing
to WHAT LIMITATION OR WEAKNESS OF TRADITIONAL
METHODS, PROCEDURES, STUDIES OR LITERATURE?}.

V d 1 (cont.)
c im k thut nh lng ca vn
nghin cu For instance, while depending on
high investment costs and the subjective expertise
of echosonograpers, echocardiography is
unavailable is some health facilities.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu The
inability to evaluate the role of biological marker
NT-ProBNP in helping clinicians to diagnose
quickly the causes of acute dyspnea in emergency
care patients makes it impossible {NOTE: TO DO
WHAT? PRACTICAL CONSEQUENCE OF NOT
SOLVING THE RESEARCH PROBLEM?}.

V d 1 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu Based on the above, we should
evaluate the efficacy of NT-ProBNP via a cross-sectional and
prospective study when diagnosing the causes of cardiac
and noncardiac dyspnea over that of echocardiography by
comparing the cut-points of NT-ProBNP in diagnosing heart
failure.
Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu To do
so, patients can be divided into two groups, one with dypnae
due to heart diseases and another with dyspnea due to other
diseases. Participating physicians during diagnosis can then
be blinded to the test results of NT-ProBNP and LVEF.
(NOTE: You need two more sentences for methodology)

V d 1 (cont.)
Kt qu d kin As anticipated, analysis results can
indicate that NT-ProBNP concentration in the dyspnea
patients due to heart diseases is statistically significantly
higher than that in patients with respiratory diseases.
Additionally, the area under the curve (AUC) of NT-ProBNP
in the heart failure group is greater than that of LVEF.
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin While
demonstrating that NT-ProBNP is highly effective in
diagnosis (excluding heart failure in patients with acute
dyspnea), results of this study can confirm that NT-ProBNP
test is superior to echocardiography in diagnosing heart
problems in patients with acute dyspnea.

V d 2:
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu As a common chronic
relapsing inflammatory cutaneous disease, seborrheic
dermatitis is characterized by sharply demarcated, yellow to red
to brown, greasy or bran-like scaling patches and plaques in
regions of the body with high concentrations of sebaceous
follicles and active sebaceous glands, including the face, scalp,
ears, upper trunk, and flexures. In adults, treatment focuses on
controlling rather than curing the disease. Given the frequent
visibility of its skin lesions on inflicted individuals, seborrheic
dermatitis can adversely impact the quality of life of patients.
Vn nghin cu Despite the high incidence of seborrheic
dermatitis in the general population, the clinical characteristics
and its impact on patient quality of life have seldom been
studied in epidemiological studies.

V d 2 (cont.)
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu For
instance, according to Szepietowski et al., patients with
seborrheic dermatitis scored a mean average of 6.92 5.34
points on the Dermatology Life Quality Index. Additionally,
patients with dandruff scored significantly higher in terms of
quality of life than subjects with seborrheic dermatitis or
individuals with dandruff plus seborrheic. Moreover, in women,
seborrheic dermatitis affected younger patients and subjects
with higher educational levels more than other patients.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu The inability to
provide clinical physicians with a preliminary knowledge of the
clinical characteristics of seborrheic dermatitis makes it
impossible to identify its clinical characteristics, impact on
quality of life and factors that complicate efforts to improve
patient health and lives.

V d 2 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu Based on the above, in addition to determining clinical

characteristics of seborrheic dermatitis (e.g., recurrent episodes, affected

areas, disease severity, mean Dermatology Life Quality Index score), we should
attempt to identify the correlation between clinical characteristics and quality of
life.

Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu To do so, 200 patients

with seborrheic dermatitis can be enrolled in this prospective study. A

questionnaire can then be designed with demographic and historical details of
patients, including gender, age, educational level, age upon onset of the
disease, family history, recurrent episodes and score of the Dermatology Life
Quality Index. Next, following collection of that data, patients can be examined
to record affected areas, severity of erythema and scaling. Finally, all results
can be analyzed using SPSS software.

V d 2 (cont.)
Kt qu d kin As anticipated, analysis results can
indicate that seborrheic dermatitis affects women,
younger patients and subjects with higher educational
levels more than the other patients. Moreover, patients
with more recurrent episodes and more severe
symptoms are more significantly impacted than other
patients in terms of quality of life.
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin
Importantly, results of this study can provide a valuable
reference for physicians in diagnosing patients for the
disease and determining how it affects their quality of
life, ultimately improving their health and lifestyles.

V d 3:
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu As a major pathogen causing hospitalacquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia, A.baumannii resists many
antibiotics and complicates efforts to choose primary antibiotics.
Vn nghin cu Despite the varied resistance of A. baumannii to
antibiotics and varied impact on different departments and hospitals, this
bacteria is seldom investigated in hospital respiratory departments in terms
of the clinical features of HAP and features of resistant antibiotics.
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu For instance,
according to Minh (2009), HAP induced by A. baumannii occurs on long
term patients and those with invasive procedures. Moreover, A. baumannii
resists 3rd generation cephalosporin and approximately 90% of
fluoroquinolone, 60% of carbapenem and 1.4% of colistin.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu The inability to understand why
local antibiotics fail to resist A. baumannii makes it impossible to choose
appropriate primary antibiotics, ultimately lengthening patient stay in
hospitals as well as increasing overhead costs, morbidity and mortality.

V d 3 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu Based on the above, we should investigate the clinical features of
A. baumannii in resisting local antibiotics among hospital acquired pneumonia and
ventilator-associated pneumonia patients.

Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu To do so, {HOW MANY?}

pneumonia patients can be monitored closely. Patient data can then be obtained, including
age, gender, commobidity diseases, symptoms, signs, radiology history, biochemical
parameters, and antibiotics to treat pneumonia. Next, microbiological data (i.e. sputum
cultures and resistant patterns) can be gathered, along with patient responses to treatment.
Additionally, data can be analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software package.

Kt qu d kin As anticipated, analysis results can indicate that the clinical features of

pneumonia patients and mortality are approximately 30-40%. Additionally, A. baumannii

resists 3rd generation cephalosporin and approximately 90% of fluoroquinolone, 60-80% %
of carbapenem and 10% of colistin.

ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin Importantly, results of this study

can provide a valuable reference for researchers with respect to local epidemic
microbiological data of A. baumanniiWe can recommend that physicians carefully
select sensitive antibiotics to treat pneumonia induced by A. baumannii.

V d 4:
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu Characterized by its common
incidence and many clinical presentations, urticaria disease is of particular
clinical concern owing to the duration of its symptoms.
Vn nghin cu However, previous investigations have failed to
identify the factors contributing to urticaria, including physical factors,
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infected in gastritis, atopic allergy, food, and
parasitic infection.
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu For instance,
Cansin reported the physical factors in acute and chronic urticaria as
18.9% and 52.9%, respectively. Moreover, according to Lee, 50% of all
patients had a background of atopic allergies, while Sackesen indicated
that infection rate was 35%. In particular, the Hp infection rate was 7.4%
and the pharyngitis rate was 14.8%.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu The inability to evaluate the
factors contributing to urticaria makes it impossible to offer a prognosis of
the disease outcome as well as alleviate patient discomfort and
interference with sleep and daily activities.

V d 4 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu Based on the above, we should
examine the clinical features and factors contributing to
acute and chronic urticaria in order to estimate the
prolonged length of this condition which, to our knowledge,
is the first time to be done in the Vietnamese population.
Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu To do
so, patient history, physical examination-related
information and other factors can be gathered using a
questionnaire survey. Blood can then be drawn (3ml)
from these patients to test IgG anti Hp serology. Next, the
subsequent data can be analyzed using SPSS 16
software. Additionally, the frequency and percentage of
each factor can be compared with those in the literature.

V d 4 (cont.)
Kt qu d kin As anticipated, analysis results can indicate
that factors contributing to chronic urticarial include physical
triggers and atopic allergy. Given that Vietnam is a tropical
country, the infected Hp gastritis rate is approximately 42%
higher than that in the study of Sackesen.
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc
tinImportantly, results of this study can significantly
contribute to research on physical urticaria or treatment of
Hp infection on chronic urticaria, ultimately allowing
physicians to accurately predict the duration of the disease
based on contributing factors. Furthermore, patients with
physical factors can be oriented on how to diminish
symptoms by eliminating trigger factors such as heat,
pressure, and cold.

Ti liu tham kho

Knoy, T (2002) Writing Effective Work
Proposals. Taipei: Yang Chih Publishing

Further details can be found at

http://www.chineseowl.idv.tw