Professional Documents
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Learning Outcomes
By the end of this topic, you should be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this topic, you should be able to:
6.
7.
8.
9.
7.1
Arrhenius Theory
Arrhenius Theory
Limitations
Brnsted-Lowry Acid-Base
Brnsted-Lowry Acid-Base
Brnsted-Lowry Acid-Base
In addition, according to Bronsted and Lowry, acidbase reactions are reversible reactions.
The acid has a conjugate base and the base has its
conjugate acid.
Brnsted-Lowry Acid-Base
Brnsted-Lowry Acid-Base
Example 1
CH3COOH + H2O
H+ donor
Acid
Example 2
H+ acceptor
Base
H3O+
H+ donor
Conjugate acid
CH3COOH+ acceptor
Conjugate base
Brnsted-Lowry Acid-Base
H 2O
OH-
NH4+
H+ acceptor
H+ donor
H+ acceptor
H+ donor
Base
Acid
Conjugate base Conjugate acid
Tip
Conjugate acid-base pairs are chemical spesies whose
formulae differ only by one proton, H +
Alkali
SELF-CHECK 7.1
SELF-CHECK 7.1
HCl
Autoionisation of Water
Autoionisation of Water
Autoionisation of Water
7.2
pH Scale
pH Scale
pH Scale
7.3
CHARACTERISTIC OF ACIDS,
BASES AND ALKALIS
Properties of Acids
a)
b)
c)
Properties of Acids
d)
e)
Properties of Acids
f)
g)
h)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
7.4
TESTS FOR ACIDS AND ALKALIS
Universal indicator
pH meter
7.5
CONCENTRATION OF ACID AND
BASE
Preparation of a Standard
Solution
Preparation of a
Standard Solution
Preparation of a
Standard Solution
Preparation of a
Standard Solution
SELF-CHECK 7.3
A science investigation requires
1.50 L of 0.250 M glucose, C6H12O6.
Solution Liquefaction
Dilution Method
In the dilution method, the amount of dissolved
solute used is fixed but the amount of solvent
used is increased, thus liquefying the solution.
Dilution Equation:
MC VC MD VD
C = concentrate
D = dilute
Solution Liquefaction
Solution Liquefaction
SELF-CHECK 7.4
Solution Liquefaction
ACTIVITY 7.4