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Huawei Confidential
A call drop indicates that a call ends exceptionally. During a call drop, the service of the subscriber
is interrupted because the BSC or MS releases the business channel.
Statistics of call drops by counters: Upon receiving the connection failure and error indication
messages from the BTS, the BSC sends the clear request message to the MSC to apply for
disconnection. In this case, the number of call drops is counted according to the reason for call
drops.
Statistics of DT call drops: Usually, a normal call release is counted when either of the two
messages, Disconnect or Channel Release appears during a call. A call drop is counted only when
neither of these two messages appears and the MS converts from dedicated mode to idle mode.
MS
BTS
MSC
BSC
connection failure
error indication
clear request
calculat drop counter
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According to the reason for call drops, the BSC classifies call drops into various categories.
This helps to identify the type of a call drop and to locate problems.
Typically, most call drops in a network are call drops occurred over radio interface (CM33C call
drops). This type of call drops are divided into call drops occurred in stable state and call drops
occurred during handover and should be given special attention.
Other types of call drops seldom occur in the network. Among these types of call drops, pay
attention to CM334 call drops and CM333 call drops. The loopback function is seldom used in
the network. Therefore, loopback call drops are seldom concerned.
CM33:CELL_TRAF_CH_CALL_DROPS
CM33C:
CELL_T
RAF_CH
_UM_CA
LL_DRO
PS
CM330:
CELL_T
RAF_CH
_CALL_
DROPS_
IN_STA
BLE_ST
ATE
CM332:
CELL_T
RAF_CH
_CALL_
DROPS_
NO_MR
CM333:
CELL_T
RAF_CH
_CALL_
DROPS_
ABIS_L
NK_FAI
L
CM334:
CELL_T
RAF_CH
_CALL_
DROPS_
EQUIP_
FAIL
CM335:
CELL_T
RAF_CH
_CALL_
DROPS_
FORCE_
HO
CM397:
CELL_L
OOP_ST
ART_FA
IL_DRO
PS
CM385:
CELL_L
OOP_RE
STORE_
FAIL_D
ROPS
CM331:
CELL_T
RAF_CH
_CALL_
DROPS_
HO_FAI
L
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CM330:CELL
_TRAF_CH_C
ALL_DROPS_
IN_STABLE_
STATE
CM3300:
CELL_TR
AF_CH_S
TATIC_S
TATE_CA
LL_DROP
S_ERR_I
ND
CM3301
:CELL_
TRAF_C
H_STAT
IC_STA
TE_CAL
L_DROP
S_CONN
_FAIL
CM331:CE
LL_TRAF_
CH_CALL_
DROPS_HO
_FAIL
CM3302:
CELL_TR
AF_CH_S
TATIC_S
TATE_CA
LL_DROP
S_REL_I
ND
H3027Ca:
CELL_INT
RACELL_H
O_FAIL_E
XP_TCHF_
TRAF
Huawei Confidential
H3028Ca:
CELL_INT
RACELL_H
O_FAIL_E
XP_TCHH_
TRAF
H3127Ca:
CELL_INT
RABSC_OU
TCELL_HO
_FAIL_EX
P_TCHF_T
RAF_NOT_
INCLUDE_
DR
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H3128Ca:
CELL_INT
RABSC_OU
TCELL_HO
_FAIL_EX
P_TCHH_T
RAF_NOT_
INCLUDE_
DR
H3227Ca:
CELL_INT
RABSC_IN
CELL_HO_
FAIL_EXP
_TCHF_TR
AF
H3228Ca:
CELL_INT
RABSC_IN
CELL_HO_
FAIL_EXP
_TCHH_TR
AF
In the CJV Telkomsel 2G network, the distribution of various types of call drops is counted as
follows:
Call drops occurred over radio interface account for 98.21%. Other types of call drops,
however, account for a small proportion. This is the case for most networks. If a type of call
drops rather than Call drops occurred over radio interface , CM334 call drops (call drops due
to equipment failure), for example, account for a large proportion, you need to check the
hardware and alarms.
Among Call drops occurred over radio interface , many are call drops due to connection
failure. Among this type of call drops, call drops due to radio link failure (M3101A call drops
and M3201A call drops) account for the largest proportion.
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of Various Types of
Call Drops
BSC
parameters
Proportions of
CM33C is high
core network
parameters
Yes
alarm
information
hardware failure
transport failure
network
planning
software version
problems
neighboring
cells
parameters
interference
frequency
No
Proportions of
CM334 and CM333
is high
Yes
coverage
In a normal network, most call drops are call drops occurred over radio interface. This
type of call drops may be caused by improper parameter settings, cross coverage,
improper relation between neighboring cells, interference, and poor coverage. Usually,
problems exist in only few cells. Call drops not occurred over radio interface seldom occur
and usually occur in only few cells. When such call drops occur, you just need to analyze
the few cells.
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No
Channel Conversi on
Mutual ai d of TRXs
entire
network
The call drop rate is counted in two modes: including handovers and
excluding handovers.
Call drop rate (including handovers) =
CM33/(K3013A+K3013B+K3023);
Call drop rate (excluding handovers) =
CM33/(K3013A+CH323+CH343-CH313-CH333);
The proportion of a type of call drops can be counted as follows:
Proportion of a type of call drops = Indicator of this type of call
drops/CM33. For example,
Proportion of call drops due to equipment failure = CM334/CM33
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If call drops occurred over radio interface account for a large proportion in the entire network, this problem is
usually caused by improper parameter settings in the entire network. In this case, you can check the settings of
various parameters according to the parameter baseline.
Incoordination between settings of core network parameters and settings of BSC parameters may also cause a
high call drop rate in the entire network.
Improper network planning and frequency planning of the entire network also cause call drops in the entire
network.
Equipment-level problems, for example, software version problems, may cause a high call drop rate in the entire
network. Such problems, however, seldom occur.
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For call drops not occurred over radio interface, pay attention to CM333
call drops and CM334 call drops. Currently, local switch of BSC/BTS is
not enabled. Therefore, you do not need to pay attention to call drops
caused by loopback start failure and failure of failing to return to normal
call from loopback.
For CM333 call drops, determine whether they are caused by links on
the Abis interface according to the proportion and number of call drops.
Disconnection of RSL links may also cause CM333 call drops.
For CM334 call drops, determine whether they are caused by equipment
failure according to the proportion and number of call drops. The
following factors may cause increase of call drops due to equipment
failure:
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Problem analysis: Narrow down the scope of the problem, find what causes
the problem, and find the solution accordingly.
TOP cell/area filtering: Find what are TOP cells and determine whether a
TOP area exists according to the geographical display.
TOP cell
filtering
Alarm analysis: Check the related alarm information and solve the problems
for which alarms are reported.
TOP area
filtering
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Alarm analysis
Engineering
check
Parameter check
Interference
check
Coverage check
RF optimization
Extract the data related to call drops and calculate the call drop
rate. Do this by using the PRS if one is available.
Calculation result on the Call Drop Rate & Proportions of Various Call
Drops sheet:
Calculate the call drop rate of the entire network after removing
the call drops occurring in TOP cells and determine whether
the call drop problem is caused by TOP cells.
1.
Extract the data and post the data below the table header
according to the format and sequence defined in the header of
the Traffic Data sheet (you can also define a template on the
M2000 according to the sequence defined in the table header).
2.
3.
The Call Drop Rate & Proportions of Various Call Drops sheet Template for analyzing call drop
can display the data calculated according to the filtering
data:
conditions set according to the Traffic Data sheet.
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Template for
analyzing call drop data
After calculating the call drop rates of various cells, rank the call drop rates according to the call
drop rate (excluding handovers) and filter the TOP cells.
Through the geographical display function of the MapInfo, analyze whether TOP cells appear in
patches, that is, whether a TOP area exists.
Calculate the proportion of various call drops in each TOP cell and make clear which type of
call drop dominates in each cell. For example, most call drops are caused by equipment failure
in cell A and most call drops are caused by transmission failure in cell B. In this way, exclude
possible reasons that cause call drops and make clear what causes the call drops in TOP area.
After obtaining the TOP cell list and making clear which type of call drops dominate in each
cell, focus on this type of call drops and make analysis accordingly. For example:
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The engineering quality directly determines the performance of a network. For example, inverse
connection of feeders and loose connectors directly affect the network quality. Therefore, it is
necessary to make clear what causes engineering problems first. For details, see the Engineering
Quality Problem Troubleshooting.
Checking of hardware failure and transmission failure: Usually, an alarm is reported when a problem
occurs. Sometimes, however, no alarm is reported when a problem occurs. In this case, you can
analyze the traffic to determine whether the problem exists and check the problem on site if
necessary. You can determine how many resources are available according to TCH Usage and TRX
Usage and determine whether the links are normal according to Channel Active NACK and Channel
Active Timeout.
Related Problems
hareware Failure
Transport Failure
Abbreviated Name
Meaning
RR300
SDCCH Availability
RR307
TCH Availability
K3015
Available TCHs
K3015
Configured TCHs
S3655
S3656
CR33A
CR33B
CR34C
Checking of call drop-related parameters: Parameters that have great effect on call drops on the BSC side
include SACCH Multi-Frames, Radio Link Timeout, T200, and N200. These parameters should be set
properly. In addition, core network parameters should also be checked because they involve the
coordination between the core network and the BSC. For details, see page 10. For what parameters should
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Interference/Coverage Checking
Interference checking: whether strong interference exists according to the proportion of level 4 and level 5
interference bands. Count the call drop rates of various cells at various intervals. If you use the average value of
call drop rates, you may cannot find the interference bands easily. According to the drive test result, analyze
whether co-frequency/adjacent-frequency interference or external interference exists. Then, find what causes the
interference by checking the possible reasons that cause the interference.
Coverage checking: Analyze the traffic and find whether problems such as high proportion of great TAs,
imbalance between uplink and downlink, and high proportion of low levels exist. Preliminarily determine whether
problems of poor coverage and imbalance of uplink and downlink exist. According to the drive test result,
determine in what areas poor coverage exists. If the problem of imbalance between uplink and downlink exists,
check whether the transmitting power and tower amplifier are set properly.
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As mentioned before, you can analyze the related traffic data when
analyzing call drop problems. This provides reference basis and data
support for you to analyze problems.
The main involved traffic items are as shown in the figure on the right.
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THANK YOU!
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