Principal elements that make

teaching and learning

possible and attainable
Teachers
Learners
Conducive Learning Environment

Teacher
-serves as the prime mover of the
educational wheel
Learners
-key participants in the learning process
The teacher and learner are the key
players in a learning environment

The Learner
The Nature of the Learner
- is an embodied spirit
- a union of a sentient body and a
rational soul

Fundamental Equipment of
the Learner

Cognitive Faculties
-include the five senses, instinct,
imagination, memory, and intellect.
Senses the learner is able to see,
hear, feel, taste, and smell
whatever is to be
learned.

Imagination the learner is able to form

representations of material objects
which are not usually present to the
senses.
Memory the learner is able to retain,
recall and recognize past mental acts.
Intellect the learner can form concepts
or ideas, makes judgment and reason
out.

 Appetitive Faculties
-are feelings and emotions and
rational
will.
Feelings and Emotions the learner
experiences the pleasantness or
unpleasantness, the
satisfactoriness or
unsatisfactoriness, the pain and the
joy
of an object or an activity.

Will serves as guiding force and the

main integrating force in the
learners
character.
-the learners will what his/her
intellect
presents as good and
desirable.

Ability the students native ability

dictates the prospects of success in
any purposeful activity.
-it determines their capacity to
understand and assimilate information
for their own use and application.
Aptitude refers to the students innate
talent or gift.
- it indicates a natural capacity to
learn certain skills.

Interests learners vary in activities

that are undertaken due to a strong
appeal or attraction.
Family and Cultural Background
students who come from different
socioeconomic background manifest
a wide range of behavior due to
differences in upbringing practices.

Attitudes refers to an individual

perspective and disposition.
Some positive attitudes are:
a. Curiosity
-curious students are at all times
eager to learn. They are anxious to
know more about an object or event
by endlessly questioning until they
get the right information.

b. Responsibility
-responsible students pursue assigned
task to completion despite personal
constraints. They are accountable for
their actions and decisions.
c. Creativity
-students with creative minds are
capable of generating own ideas of
doing things.

d. Persistence
-persistent students sustain
interest in a learning activity not
mindful of the extra time and effort
being spent.