FEED MECHANISM IN

LATHE

GS, SCTCE

o
o
o

Movement of the tool relative to w/p is termed as feed

Three types of feed in lathe
Longitudinal
Cross
Angular
Feed mechanism has different units through which
motion is transmitted from head stock spindle to the
carriage
End of bed gearing
Feed gear box
Feed rod & lead screw
Apron mechanism

GS, SCTCE

END OF BED GEARING

This gearing serves the purpose of transmitting the
drive to the lead screw and feed shaft either direct or
through gear box
Different mechanisms are
Tumbler gear mechanism
Bevel gear feed reversing mechanism

GS, SCTCE

 Tumbler gear mechanism

Tumbler gears are used to give the desired direction
of motion to the lathe carriage
Tumbler gearing consists of two pinions mounted on a
bracket
The bracket is pivoted about the 1st stud shaft
The design provides three position of the bracket:forward, neutral and reverse

GS, SCTCE

 With the forward position, only one gear is in

contact between the lathe spindle and the main gear
train, and the lathe is moved towards the head stock
With the reverse, the drive is through two gears
Second gear is introduced only to reverse the
direction of rotation and the carriage is moved away
from the head stock
If the tumbler gears are brought into the neutral
position, the spindle is disengaged from the lead
screw or feed shaft gear box

GS, SCTCE

Bevel gear feed reversing mechanism

Incorporated below the head stock or in apron
It is clutch operated
The motion is communicated from the spindle gear
to the gear on the stud shaft through intermediate
gear
Bevel gear is attached to the gear on the stud shaft
and both of them can freely rotate on shaft as
shown in figure
All bevel gears have equal no: of teeth
Bevel gear on the extreme right end can also rotate
freely in its shaft
A clutch is keyed to the shaft by a feather key and
may shifted right or left by the lever
So three positions can be achieved by the clutch
GS, SCTCE

GS, SCTCE

 Clutch may engage with gear(8) or with gear (10) or it

may remain in neutral position.
When the clutch engages with bevel gear (8), gear (3)
and the lead screw, rotates in the same direction as
gear (2)

GS, SCTCE

FEED GEAR BOX

Also called quick change gear box
Fitted directly below the head stock assembly
power from the lathe spindle is transmitted to quick
change gear box through gears
This gear box contains a number of different sizes of
gears which provides a means to
o change the rate of feed and
o the ratio between revolution of the head stock spindle
and the movement of the carriage
Different arrangements are
Sliding gear & sliding clutch mechanism
Gear cone & tumbler gear mechanism
Sliding key mechanism
Combination of any two or more of the above
GS, SCTCE

 Sliding gear & sliding clutch mechanism

The cone pulley is not keyed to the spindle and
revolves freely on it
The gear (D) is called bull gear which is keyed to the
spindle
In order to transmit motion from the step cone pulley
to the spindle to obtain direct speed a lock pin is
introduced into the hole provided on the face of the
cone pulley
This lock pin engages the bull gear (D) with cone
pulley
The number of different speeds obtained by the lathe
spindle depends on the no: of steps on the cone
pulley

GS, SCTCE

 Gear cone & tumbler gear mechanism

A number of different sized gears are keyed to the
driving shaft in the form of a cone
A sliding gear which is keyed to the driven shaft
meshes wit idler gear
Idler gear is held in a bracket
Bracket is pivoted on the driven shaft
To change the gears the handle is pulled downwards
to slide the whole assembly of gears and to the proper
position and the idler is the n engaged with the cone

GS, SCTCE

 Sliding key mechanism

It consists of a cone of gears which is mounted on a
hollow shaft
By a sliding key any of the gears can be engaged with
the shaft
The cone of gears is permanently in mesh with the
driven shaft gears transmit motion from the keyed
gear to the driven shaft

GS, SCTCE

DRIVE OF FEED ROD & LEAD SCREW

The motion is transmitted from the spindle gear
through the tumbler gears and change gears to the
shaft
On to the shaft twelve gears are arranged
Twelve different speeds may be obtained by the shaft
(7) and sliding gear
With the use of sliding key and four additional gears
48 speeds may be obtained

GS, SCTCE

APRON MECHANISM
Transforms the rotary motion of the feed rod and lead
screw into feed motion of the carriage
A sliding gear mounted on the feed rod drives the
worm gear through other gears

GS, SCTCE

To get an automatic longitudinal motion a knob on the apron is

turned
This causes the cone clutch mounted on the worm gear shaft to
be engaged
The motion is transmitted from the worm gear through the cone
clutch and driving gears to the pinion
Pinion is mounted on the driving gear shaft
Pinion meshes with rack and the carriage automatic longitudinal
feed motion

GS, SCTCE

 To obtain automatic cross feed, knob (19) is turned

This causes second pair of cone clutch to be engaged
(18)
When the worm gear rotates, motion is transmitted to
the cross feed screw (4) through the cone clutches (9)
and (18)

GS, SCTCE

 To disengage the feed, a lever (20) is operated

The mechanism also ensures the when the half nut is
engaged with the lead screw the worm drops down
disconnecting the feed motion

GS, SCTCE