Kinds

of
VISUAL
ARTS
Judy Ann Forteza
Hannah Geraldino
Karen Ivy Padua
Romar Andre R. Umali

PAINTING
Paintingis the practice of applyingpaint,pigment,coloror other mediumto
asurface(support base). The medium is commonly applied to the base with
abrush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, andairbrushes, can
be used.

Pigments are used for coloringpaint,ink,plastic,fabric,cosmetics,

food, and other materials. Most pigments used inmanufacturingand
thevisual artsare drycolorants, usually ground into a finepowder.
This powder is added to abinder(or vehicle), a relatively neutral or
colorless material thatsuspendsthe pigment and gives the paint its
adhesion.

 Inart, the termpaintingdescribes both the act and

the result of the action. The support for paintings
includes such surfaces
aswalls,paper,canvas,wood,glass,lacquer,clay,lea
f,copperand concrete, and the painting may
incorporate multiple other materials including sand,
clay, paper, plaster, gold leaf, as well as objects.

 The termpaintingis also used outside of a

as acommon tradeamong craftsmen and
builders.

Types of Paintings
Alandscapeis an outdoor scene. A landscape artist uses
paint to create not only land, water, and clouds but air, wind,
and sunlight.

Landscape Painting

Types of Paintings
Aportraitis an image of a person or animal. Besides
showing what someone looks like, a portrait often captures a
mood or personality.

Portrait Painting

Types of Paintings
Astill lifeshows objects, such as flowers, food, or musical
instruments. A still life reveals an artist's skill in painting
shapes, light, and shadow.

Still life Painting

Types of Paintings
Areal lifescene captures life in action. It could show a busy
street, a beach party, a dinner gathering, or anyplace where
living goes on.

Real life Painting

Types of Paintings
Areligiouswork of art shares a religious message. It might
portray a sacred story or express an artist's faith.

Religious Painting

Process of Painting
Several painting mediums are carefully prepared so that each subsequent layer of paint
contains a little more oil than the preceding layers; this will ensure a long life for the
painting without cracking. Begin the application of color with the most distant forms
first, working slowly towards the foreground elements. Even with significant
preparation, some design problems only present themselves in this final stage, and in
the absence of instructions, the solution is not always quickly found. Some shifts are
comparatively short, where paint must be allowed to dry before proceeding; other shifts
can run to 36 hours where large areas of paint must be modelled to porcelain perfection
while they are wet. Transparent glazes are added to certain areas as the painting nears
completion, and this is perhaps the only part of the whole process that happens quickly.
The final painting element is the signature, which I like to incorporate into the
landscape itself - as though the landscape and artist were somehow synonymous.

 The finished painting is allowed to dry for a week, and then a

very thin retouching varnish is applied to unify the surface of
the painting. Different paints dry at different rates, and it is
important to see the entire painting with homogenous secularity
to confirm all the colors are correct. The paint on my paintings is
applied fairly thin, and so after a period of perhaps 1 or 2
months, I apply a final sealing coat of dammar varnish - the
perfect gem-like surface for an oil painting.

 Larger more-detailed paintings require more time to paint than

smaller less-detailed paintings. After dedicating 4 - 6 weeks in
design and preparation, it generally takes an additional 4 to 12
weeks to complete the application of color to a painting, again
depending upon the size and amount of detail in the
composition. A 48" x 30" painting with a significant amount of
complex design elements and painting detail (like
Children of EternityorThe Awakening) may take more than
1000 hours to complete.

Famous Artists(Filipino)
1)Artist: Solomon Saprid
Sculpture:Tikbalang
Colonizers have come and gone to our land and inputted
different traditions in our very rich culture.

Famous Artists(Filipino)
2) Artist:Ang Kiuko
Painting:The Crucifixion

When a painter paints, his emotions are shown through the

painted canvas.

Famous Artists(Filipino)
3) Artist:Napoleon V. Abueva
Sculpture: Allegorical Harpoon
The Philippines is very fortunate for having the multi awarded
national artist, Napoleon V. Abueva, as its father of modern
Philippine sculpture.

Famous Artists(Filipino)
4) Artsist:Fernando Cueto Amorsolo
Painting: Portrait of Presidents: Manuel Quezon,
Manuel Roxas
and Sergio Osmena
Dubbed as the grand old man of the Philippine art scene,
Fernando Amorsolo, has made the largest and solidest
contribution to the Philippines through his numerous paintings
scattered around the Philippines and through his discovery of
the natural light in canvas.

Famous Artists(International)
1.Mona Lisa Leonardo da Vinci. The most famous painting in
the world is the main attraction of theLouvre museuminParis,
where it is seen by six million people every year!

Famous Artists(International)
2. The Creation Of Adam Michelangelo. Located on the
ceiling ofThe Sistine Chapel in Vatican City,Rome. The Creation
Of Adam was painted by Michelangelo between 1508 and 1512
and it is just one of nine scenes from the book of Genesis that
are painted on the center of the ceiling of the chapel

Famous ArtistsInternational)
3. Starry Night Vincent van Gogh.Painted by Dutch artist
Vincent van Gogh in 1889, Starry Night is one of the most well
known paintings in modern culture. The painting is part of
thepermanent collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New
York.

Famous Artists(International)
4. The Scream Edvard Munch. The most famous piece by
Edvard Munch, painted around 1893. It was painted using oil
and pastel on cardboard. This frighteningpainting is on display
atThe National Gallery, Oslo, Norway

SCULPTURE

What comes into your mind

when I say
"Sculpture"?

As per Dictionary, sculpture is

"the art of making two- or threedimensional representative or
abstract forms, especially by
carving stone or wood or by
casting metal or plaster."

History of Philippine Sculpture

Before the coming of the Spaniards,
Philippine sculpture had a striking similarity
with the Egyptian sculpture which is
characterized byfrontal nudity. Their
difference lies in the symbolism behind the
figure.

Types of
Sculpture

 Stone Sculpture
earliest form of monumental sculpture
best medium for monumental works
Stones from all three principal categories of rock formation
have been sculpted (igneous, sedimentary and
metamorphic).

Venus of Berekhat Ram

The Venus of Tan-Tan

Wood Sculpture
oldest and most continuous type of sculpture
It is a form ofworking wood
by means of a cutting tool (knife) in one
hand or achiselby two hands or with
one hand on a chisel and one hand on a
mallet, resulting in a wooden figure or
figurine, or in the sculptural
ornamentation of a wooden object.

Gero Cross

Clay Sculpture

It is the most plastic of all sculpting methods,

versatile, light, inexpensive and durable.

Chinese Qin Dynasty Terracotta Army

Process

4 Basic Sculpture Techniques

The processes are either subtractive (material is removed or carved out) or
additive (material is added).
Carving:Carving involves cutting or chipping away a shape from a mass of stone,
wood, or other hard material. Carving is a subtractive process whereby material is
systematically eliminated from the outside in.
Casting:Sculptures that are cast are made from a material that is melted down
usually a metalthat is then poured into a mold. The mold is allowed to cool, thereby
hardening the metal, usually bronze. Casting is an additive process.
Modeling:Modeled sculptures are created when a soft or malleable material (such as
clay) is built up (sometimes over an armature) and shaped to create a form. Modeling
is an additive process.
Assembling:Sculptors gather and join different materials to create an assembled

Four (4) Famous Filipino Sculptors

Guillermo Tolentino- Father of Philippine

1.

Arts

Bonifacio Monument

2.

Napoleon Isabelo Veloso-Abueva

-"Father of Modern Philippine

Sculpture

Fredesvinda

3.

Rey Paz Contreras

-He is encouraged by the native Filipino
traditions and creates
visual forms of
current images

The Trees

4.

Roberto Chabet
Father of Philippine conceptual art

Bobby Chabet at his exhibit "China Collages, Ziggurats, & Other Unexhibited
Collages

Four (4) International Sculptors

1. Donatello- Unquestionably the greatest sculptor of the
early Renaissance

St. Jeorge

David

2. Michelangelo- is a sculptor, painter and an

architect. He is an outstanding genius

Piet

3. Gian Lorenzo Bernini

At his best he blends sculpture, architecture, and painting
into an extravagant theatrical ensemble, especially in his
fountains

Rape of Proserpina

4.

Constantin Brancusi

The Endless Column

ARCHITECTURE

What is architecture?
Is an art of designing and creating buildings

DIFFERENT KINDS AND

TYPES OF ARCHITECTURE

ANCIENT ROMAN
ARCHITECTURE
Ancient Roman architecture developed different aspects of
Ancient Greek architecture and newer technologies such as the
arch and the dome to make a new architectural style. Its use of
new materials, particularly concrete, was a very important
feature. Roman Architecture covers the period from the
establishment of the Roman Republic in 509 BC to about the 4th
century AD, after which it becomes reclassified as Late Antique
or Byzantine architecture. Roman architectural style continued
to influence building in the former empire for many centuries,
and the style used in Western Europe beginning about 1000 is
called Romanesque architecture to reflect this dependence on
basic Roman forms.

COLESEUM OF ROME, ITALY

ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
Islamic architecture encompasses a wide range of both
secular and religious styles from the foundation of Islam to the
present day. What today is known as Islamic architecture owes
its origin to similar structures already existing in Roman,
Byzantine and Persian lands which the Muslims conquered in
the 7th and 8th centuries. The principal Islamic architectural
types are: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. From
these four types, the vocabulary of Islamic architecture is
derived and used for other buildings such as public baths,
fountains and domestic architecture.

KAIROUAN MOSQUE

GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished
during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from
Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by
Renaissance architecture. Originating in 12th-century France
and lasting into the 16th century, Gothic architecture was
known during the period as Opus Francigenum ("French work")
with the term Gothic first appearing during the later part of the
Renaissance. Its characteristics include the pointed arch, the
ribbed vault and the flying buttress. Gothic architecture is most
familiar as the architecture of many of the great cathedrals,
abbeys and churches of Europe.

REIMS CATHEDRAL

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE
Baroque architecture is the building style of the Baroque era,
begun in late 16th-century Italy, that took the Roman
vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new
rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of
the Catholic Church and the absolutist state. It was
characterized by new explorations of form, light and shadow,
and dramatic intensity. Baroque architecture and its
embellishments were on the one hand more accessible to the
emotions and on the other hand, a visible statement of the
wealth and power of the Church.

CHURCH OF GESU

NEOCLASSICAL
ARCHITECTURE
Neoclassical architecture is an architectural style produced
by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th
century. In its purest form it is a style principally derived from
the architecture of classical antiquity, the Vitruvian principles,
and the architecture of the Italian architect Andrea Palladio.
In form, Neoclassical architecture emphasizes the wall rather
than chiaroscuro and maintains separate identities to each of its
parts. The style is manifested both in its details as a reaction
against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament, and in its
architectural formulae as an outgrowth of some classicising
features of Late Baroque. Neoclassical architecture is still
designed today, but may be labelled New Classical Architecture

VILINIUS CATHEDRAL

RESORT ARCHITECTURE
Resort architecture is an architectural style that is especially
characteristic of spas and seaside resorts on the German Baltic
coast. The style evolved since the foundation of Heiligendamm
in 1793, and flourished especially around the year 1900, when
resorts were connected to big cities via railway lines. Until
today, many buildings on the German coasts are built in the
style or feature distinct elements of resort architecture.

MODERN ARCHITECTURE
Modern architecture or modernist architecture is a term applied to an
overarching movement, with its exact definition and scope varying widely.
[1] The term is often applied to modernist movements at the turn of the
20th century, with efforts to reconcile the principles underlying
architectural design with rapid technological advancement and the
modernization of society. It would take the form of numerous movements,
schools of design, and architectural styles, some in tension with one
another, and often equally defying such classification. [1] The term Modern
architecture may be used to differentiate from Classical architecture
following Vitruvian ideals, while it is also applied to various
contemporary architecture styles such as Postmodern, High-tech or even
New Classical, depending on the context.

SOLOMON R. GUGGENHEIM
MUSEUM

POSTMODERN
ARCHITECTURE
Postmodern architecture began as an international style the
first examples of which are generally cited as being from the
1950s, but did not become a movement until the late 1970s[1]
and continues to influence present-day architecture.
Postmodernity in architecture is said to be heralded by the
return of "wit, ornament and reference" to architecture in
response to the formalism of the International Style of
modernism. As with many cultural movements, some of
Postmodernism's most pronounced and visible ideas can be
seen in architecture.

SONY BUILDING

FAMOUS FILIPINO
ARCHITECTS

LEANDRO LOCSIN
Leandro Locsin- (1928-1994) a brilliant architect, interior
designer, artist and classically trained pianist, Locsin was also a
keen art collector, amassing a sizable collection of fineChinese
art and ceramics during his lifetime. His most substantial
contribution to Filipino architecture is the
Cultural Center of the Philippines, a collection of five buildings
that demonstrate the architects drive to find a vernacular form
of modernist architecture.

ILDEFONSO P. SANTOS
Ildefenso P Santos- The father of Philippine landscape
architecture. He created some of the best-loved urban spaces in
the Philippines. Landscape architecture, which deals with parks,
plazas and green spaces, was a little-considered element of
urban planning in the first half of the 20th century. However,
Santos changed that, carrying out pioneering work that, after
four decades in the profession, led him to become National
Artist for Architecture in 2006. One of his earliest successful
projects was the Makati Commercial Center, an outdoor
shopping mall in which the shop fronts and walkways were
interspersed with garden trails, fountains and public artworks.

ANTONIO PABLO
Pablo Antonio- One of the first exponents of modernist
architecture in the Philippines. Antonio (1901-1975) is revered
as a pioneer and the foremost architect of his time. This success
was perhaps unexpected for a boy who was orphaned at 12 and
dropped out of his first architecture degree. It was during his
studies at the University ofLondonthat Antonio began to shine,
completing a five-year program in only three years. One of his
successful projects was the school of Far Eastern University.

CARLOS A. SANTOS-VIOLA
Carlos A. Santos-Viola- An urbane young man who enjoyed lawn
tennis and playing the saxophone, Carlos Santos-Viola was also
a gifted architect. He was a devout Catholic throughout his life,
and many of his best known designs were executed for the
Iglesia Ni Cristo, a Filipino religious group. Santos-Viola created
churches for the group all over the archipelago, designed in a
style quite distinct from that of his contemporaries. The desire
for functionality informed almost all of Santos-Violas work, and
he was fond of asserting that, the structure must not only look
good but must also be made well.

FAMOUS INTERNATIONAL ARCHITECTS

Antoni Gaudi
This famous Spanish architect, born in 1852 in the Catalonia region, has
come to epitomise Spanish architecture. A devout Catholic he believed
he could glorify God by taking his architectural inspiration from
nature.
This appears to have worked rather successfully - Gaudis various
creations are a kaleidoscope of curves, different textures and bright
colours. His buildings can be seen all over Barcelona but there is one
property that seems to define Mr Gaudi, namely the iconic Cathedral of
the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona.

SAGRADA FAMILIA IN BARCELONA

Frank Gehry
Frank Gehry is a standout architect. He regularly extends the
metaphorical middle finger to traditional design, producing some of the
most innovative and quirky buildings of the modern era.
His work is completely distinctive, with many of them, including his
home, having become tourist attractions due to their unique aesthetic.
While most of Gehrys work is iconic one of his most noticeable
buildings is the titanium-covered Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao. Yes,
the Guggenheims dont mess about when designing their museums.

GUGGENHEIM BILBAO

Tom Wright
Tom Wright is one of the younger architects appearing on this page but
his work on one of the most iconic buildings of all time, a relatively new
one at that, has put him here with distinction. British-born, Wright is
responsible for the design of the worlds most recognizable hotel, the
Burj Al Arab in Dubai, which is recognised as one of the tallest and most
recognisable buildings in the world.

BURJ AL ARAB

James Hoban
Probably the most recognizable building in the world, the White House
was designed by Irish architect James Hoban. In the late 1770s Hoban
submitted a plan for the design of the presidential mansion. He won the
commission and construction began in 1793. The mansion was completed
in 1801.

WHITE HOUSE

The Famous Filipino Works

cultural center of the phils. by leandro locsin

Makati commercial center by ildefonso san

The Famous Filipino Works

iglesia ni cristo by carlos a

santos-viola

far eastern university by Pablo Antonio