Learning objectives

You will learn:

a. to consider why it is important to learn first aid

b.

why your own safety must come first

c.

how to treat a big bleed

d.

how to recognize and treat clinical shock

e.

how to perform CPR on adult

d.

when and how to put someone in the recovery position

a. to consider why it is important to learn first aid

Is helping a stranger dangerous?

British Red Cross advisor: It can be. Remember your personal safety is your priority. Call an adult, get help if you are not sure you can
Click for advice
approach safely.

Is first aid very complicated?

Click for advice

Firefighter: No. Just opening an airway or putting someone on their side in the recovery position can make all the difference.

b. why your own safety must come first

water around
steam

cable danger

scalding

of

danger

electrocution

wet floor
slipping
danger

sharp bits
of broken
china

click for answer

c. how to treat a big bleed

If someone is losing a lot of blood, you need to act.

Blood carries oxygen to every body part without it the body dies.

c. how to treat a big bleed

How do you treat a big bleed?

1. Press on the wound
2. Raise the wound above heart level
3. Bandage the wound
4. Call for an ambulance.

c. how to treat a big bleed

Do you know how to treat a deep wound to the arm? Put the pictures in the right
order

The right order is:

d. how to recognise and treat clinical shock

If you lose too much blood, you go into

shock. This is not the kind of shock you
get at a sudden surprise. This is clinical
shock, where your
body starts to shut down
Vital organs like the heart, lungs and
brain cannot get enough oxygen from the
blood that is left. They start to pack up.
You have to act fast. Left untreated,
shock can kill.

d. how to recognise and treat clinical shock

pale, cold
clammy skin

feels like

fast, shallow
breathing

throwing up

how to spot shock

thirst

restlessness

feels weak
and dizzy

blueness around
lips or ear lobes

d. how to recognise and treat clinical shock

Internal bleeding can also lead to shock. Both problems are caused by a lack of
blood flowing to the vital organs. So you deal with both problems in the same way

d. how to recognise and treat clinical shock

Ill keep talking to
her and checking
her breathing until
the ambulance comes.

> Treat any big bleeds.

> Help casualty to lie down.
> Raise casualtys legs above heart level, so
the blood runs to the vital organs where it is
most needed.
> Loosen casualtys clothing.
> Call for an ambulance.
> Keep casualty warm lie them on a blanket
or coat and cover them with another one.

to assess if a person is unconscious

What questions would you ask yourself?

> Is it safe for me to approach the person?
Is the person just asleep or drunk or fallen over?
Why has no one else stopped?

Remember:

DR CAB

D is for Danger

> Are they conscious?

Can they hear my voice when I ask if theyre ok?
Do they respond when I gently shake their shoulders?
> If not, assume theyre unconscious.
R is for Response

e. how to perform CPR

If someone is not breathing and have no heart beat,you have to act fast! And
stay calm

Hes not breathing! Stay

calm

e. how to perform CPR

Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation CPR for short.

It sounds complicated - but its not that tricky.

You press on someones chest and breathe into someones mouth to keep
The chest
them
alive.compressions do the job of the heart pushing blood around the
body, the breathing gets oxygen into their lungs.

e. how to perform CPR

CPR How do I do it?

Call ambulance
before you start!

30 chest compressions

2 rescue breaths

e. how to perform CPR

If a child is unconscious you have to be more gentle.

Tap shoulders gently to try to get a response.

e. how to perform CPR

If a baby stops breathing, you have to be

a lot more gentle.

e. how to perform CPR

Then open his or her airway so you can check if they are breathing

1.

Place your hand on the casualtys forehead and gently tilt the
head backwards.

2.

Place two fingers on the tip of the casualtys chin and lift the
chin.

DR CAB

A is for Airway

e. how to perform CPR

How to check if someones breathing.

What three senses could you use? Click to see.
Look along the body to see if the chest

Listen for breathing. Put your ear

is moving up and 1down.

close to unconscious
persons mouth
3
and nose.

Feel for breath on 2your cheek.

Check for ten seconds

DR
CAB
B is for Breathing

f. when and how to put someone in the recovery position

When someones unconscious, the tongue goes floppy and can fall to the back
of the throat. This may prevent air getting through.

f. when and how to put someone in the recovery position

But when the head is tipped back, the tongue is pulled forward, allowing air through.

Simply opening the airway like this can save a life because it allows them to breathe.

f. when and how to put someone in the recovery position

Any volunteer? . . .

Now its your turn to try

Summary

Big bleed
> Press on the wound.
> Raise it above heart level.
> Bandage the wound.

Call ambulance
Shock
> Lie casualty down.
> Raise casualtys feet above heart level.

as soon
as you can

Summary

CPR

> check for danger

> try to get a response

> open the compressions.airway

Remember it all like this.
> check for breathing

> give chest

DR CAB