You are on page 1of 38

1

Hollow block & Ribbed slabs


This report has been prepared by :

Mohamed Mohsen Mohamed Hussein


Mohamed Nabil Ali Kamel
Mohamed Youssef Mahmoud Youssef
Ahmed Hamdy Mohamed Hassan

Under supervision of
Dr . Mohamed Nabil

Outlines

Introduction.

Comparison between different codes.

Solved example by different codes.

One & two way slab solved example.

Effect of cross ribs on deflection.

Modeling.

Case study.
3

Introduction

Hollow block and Ribbed slabs are formed by placing blocks on the slab
and concrete ribs.

In case of hollow block slab voided blocks are placed to reduce the total
weight of the slab .

In case of ribbed slab the blocks are not permanent.

The blocks are considered as non-structural element as they do not


contribute to strength of the slab.

Blocks may be made concrete with lightweight aggregate or other material


as polystyrene ( foam ).

Types hollow block slab are one way and two way slabs .
4

Introduction

The advantages of Ribbed and Hollow block slabs are as follows:

They provide an economical, versatile lightweight monolithic slab system and


this its main advantage reduction of weight by removing the part of the concrete
below the neutral axis.

Components are relatively light and no mechanical handling is necessary there


is ease of construction.

Economic for spans more than 5m with light or moderate live loads, such as
hospitals, office or residential buildings.

Comparison between different codes

ACI 318

ECP 203

BS 8110

Euro code 2

Comparison between different codes

Egyptian code (ECP 203)


Limitations of Hollow block slabs :
Net distance between ribs "e"
shall not exceed 700 mm.
Web width "b" shall not be less
than 100 mm or one the third of
depth "t", whichever is greater.
Compression slab thickness "ts"
shall not be less than 50 mm or
one Tenth 1/10 of distance "e",
whichever is greater.

Egyptian code (ECP 203)

Limitations of Ribbed slabs:


Distance between ribs axes can be increased up to 1.5 m .
Thickness of upper slab is determined by a value not less than e/12 or
50 mm whichever greater.
The minimum value of rib width (b) isn't less than 1/4 slab thickness
(t) or 100 mm whichever greater, with taking into account
requirements of concrete cover, distance between bars and fire
requirements

Comparison between different codes

British code (BS 8110)


e
t

b t/4

Limitations of Hollow block slabs :


Clear distance between ribs (e) not more than 500 mm , jointed
in cement : sand mortar
ts is 25 mm.
Clear distance between ribs (e) not more than 500 mm not
jointed in cement : sand mortar
ts is 30 mm.
All other slabs with permanent blocks
ts is 40 or one-tenth
1/10 of clear distance between ribs, whichever is great

Limitations of Ribbed slabs:


Clear distance between ribs not more than 1.5 m ts is 50 mm or onetenth of clear distance between ribs, whichever is greater.
9

Comparison between different codes

Euro code (En2)


Limitations of Ribbed slabs:
The rib spacing does not exceed 1500 mm.

The depth of the rib below the flange does


not exceed 4 times its width.

The depth of the flange is at least 1/10 of


the clear distance between ribs or 50 mm,
whichever is the greater.

Transverse ribs are provided at a clear


spacing not exceeding 10 times the overall
depth of the slab.

Limitations of Hollow block slabs :


One limitation will change from ribbed slab The minimum flange
thickness of 50 mm may be reduced to 40 mm.
10

Comparison between different codes

American Concrete Institute (ACI)


Limitations of Hollow block slabs & Ribbed slab:
When permanent filling material
having a unit compressive strength at
least equal to fc in the joists are used ts
shall be not less than 1/12 the clear
distance between ribs, nor less than 40
mm.
Otherwise ts is not to be less than 1/12
the clear distance between ribs, nor less
than 5.0 cm
Ribs are not to be less than 10 cm in
width, and a depth of not more than 3.5
times the minimum web width.
Clear spacing between ribs is not to
exceed 75.0 cm

11

Comparison between different codes

Code
Egyptian code

British
code

Simply sup.

L/20

L/20

1 end cont.

L/25

L/20.8

2 end cont.
cantilever

L/28
L/8

----L/5.6

ts

e
b

Euro
code

American
code

Limits

Cross ribs

-----------

L/18.5
L/21
L/8

ts

ts

ts

e 700 mm

e 1500 mm

e 1500 mm

e 750 mm

b t/4

b t/4

b 100 mm

-------

If L 10 th.b

-------

L.L 3
KN/m2 , Ls >
5

One X rib

L/16

L.L > 3
KN/m2
, Ls (4:7)
One X rib

L.L >
7m.

3 X ribs
12

(5m*
7m )
USING
ECP

USING BS

( 7m *
7m )
AS ONE
WAY
HOLLOW
BLOCK
SLAB
AS
TWO
WAY
HOLLOW
BLOCK
SLAB

USING
EURO
CODE
USING
ACI
13

Solved examples by different codes

Fcu= 25 N/mm2
Fy= 360 N/mm2
F.C= 1.5 KN/m2
L.L= 3.0 KN/m2

14

Solved examples by different codes

Code

prop.
th.b
tS
h
Mu

Egyptian
code

British code Euro code

American
code

250 mm

250 mm

250 mm

300

50 mm

50 mm

50 mm

50 mm

200

200

200

250

Kn.m/rib)

19.187

19.187

17.75

23.5

AS
Main ribs
dim.
Cross ribs

293.30 mm2

255.72 mm2

322.005 mm2

226.67 mm2

100 200 mm

100 200 mm

100 200 mm

100 250 mm

No cross ribs
Short
long
dir.
dir.

No cross ribs
Short
long
dir.
dir.

No cross ribs
Short
long
dir.
dir.

0.3 m. 0.3 m.

0.3 m.

One cross rib


Short
long
dir.
dir.
0.25
0.3 m.
m.

Solid part
Conc.
Quantities

2.806 m3

0.3 m.

2.806 m3

2.934 m3

0.3 m.

0.3 m.

3.07 m3

15

One & two way slab Solved examples

One way
slab

Fcu= 25 N/mm2

Two way
slab

Fy= 360 N/mm2


F.C= 1.5 KN/m2
L.L= 3.0 KN/m2

16

One & two way slab Solved examples


SLAB TYPE
One way hollow blocks

slab

Two way hollow blocks


slab

th.b.

320 mm

250 mm

h
ts

250 mm
70 mm

200 mm
50 mm

PROP.

dir.

dir.

Mu (KN.m/rib)

45.64

As

529.255 mm2/ rib

Ribs dim.

0.12 * 0.25 m

15.68
15.68
239.68 mm2/ rib. For dir.
And 251.09 mm2/ rib. for
dir.
0.1 * 0.2 m

NO. of main ribs


No. of cross ribs
Conc. quantities

11
1
5.6854 m3

12
12
5.234 m3

RFT

1017.79 mm2 /m

981.54 mm2/m

It is obvious that the RFT and concrete quantities in the two way hollow
block slab is more economic however the execution of the two way hollow
block slab is harder than the one way hollow block slab. 17

Effect of cross ribs on deflection

In The previous example the effect of cross ribs on deflection will be


discussed on sap program.

At first one cross rib is put in the mid span of the slab.

Then two cross ribs are put at 1/3 of the span from each side.

18

Effect of cross ribs

Case of one cross rib:

19

Effect of cross ribs

Case of two cross rib:

The two cases have the same deflection value so it is more economic to use one
cross rib at mid span
20

Modeling
Introduction

Different models of hollow block slabs on computer programs (Sap 2000)


are illustrated.

The Example:
F.C =1.5 KN/m2 ,

L.L =3 KN /m2 ,

Block weight = 160 N

Number of blocks is 22 in short direction and 13 in the long direction.


Weight of the blocks on the slab == 1.3 kN/m2.

Wrib = 6.145 (KN/(1.0*s m2).

Number of ribs in the long direction = 12 rib


21

Modeling

Model 1
The ribs are frame elements with cross section as T-section and connected
together with a virtual slab with very small thickness.

22

The moment on the ribs=19.3675 KN.m


23

Modeling

Model 2
The ribs are frame elements with cross section as T-section and connected
together with frame elements with cross section as rectangular section .

The moment on the ribs= 19.1793 KN.m 24

Modeling

Model 3
The ribs are converted to a thickness on the whole slab and use virtual slab
to connect between elements with very small thickness.

25

The moment on the ribs= 19.0767 KN.m


26

Modeling

Model 4
The ribs are represented as frame elements with rectangle section and the
connecting element is frame element with rectangle section.

The moment on the ribs= 19.1555 KN.m 27

Modeling

This table shows the differences between the models and the manual
solution .
Manual

19.1875

19.1555

19.0767

19.1793

19.3675

M
(ultimate)
KN .m

Rectangul Rectangul
ar section ar section

T-section

T-section

Cross
section of
ribs

Frames

Virtual
slab

Frames

Virtual
slab

Connectin
g
elements

W (rib)

On slab

W (rib)

On slab

Loads

1
28

Model

Self
weight
multiplier

Case study

Introduction:
Different case study for hollow block slabs and ribbed slabs.

Case 1

Ordinary one way hollow block slab

29

Case study

30

Case study

Case 2

Cantilever hollow block slabs

31

Case study

Case 3

Two way hollow block slabs


32

Case study

Case 4

Ribbed slabs one way and two way ( waffle ) and how the blocks are
placed .
33

Case study

34

Case study

Case 5

In this case foam blocks are used

35

Case study

Case 6

Clay blocks are used in this case.


36

Questions

37

38

You might also like