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Objectives
To test an accessible digital experimental method that can be
used in performing time dependent classical physics
experiments.
To re-perform certain classical time dependent physics
experiments using digital and analog sensors.
Analog Sensors
Analog sensors produce
continuous and proportional
signal. Example of it is an
Ultrasonic Distance Sensor.
Barrier
Distance
[2] Webster, John and Halit Eren. Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, 2 nd ed. CRC Press, Copryright 2014
Digital Sensors
Digital sensors
produce only binary
outputs 0 or 1.
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Gizduino ATmega328
Table 1 Specifications of the Gizduino Board
Component Specification
ATMEGA 328
32KB (Flash
Memory), 1KB
EEPROM, 1KB RAM
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Spring
Mass with disk
Ultrasonic
Distance
Sensor
Fig. 6.: Block diagram of how the data was obtained from the
experiment.
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Arduino IDE
BU
T!
!!
Log File
Python
Plot
Fig. 7.: Software used for data logging and modeling. The
video clip on the right side was recorded using CamStudio.
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0.33
0.28
Length
0.23
Theoretical
Experimental
Linear
(Experimental)
0.18
Correlation 0.99147257
0.13
0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
Square of the Period
Experimental
Theoretical
Elapsed
Value of
Length
Time
"g"
0.59761904 9.61880.
0.348
8
02
0.54273809 9.26530.
0.273
5
13
0.48821428 10.07910
0.243
6
.05
0.44011904 9.85510.
0.193
8
06
0.35154761 11.94990
0.148
9
.16
Elapsed
Time
Value of "g"
0.59201
1.8 %
0.5243
5.5 %
0.4947
9.8
2.8 %
0.4409
0.6 %
0.3861
21.9 %
0
0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
-0.5
0.1
0.11
f(x)==- -24.29x
24.81x++0.15
0.23
f(x)
RR==1 0.99
-1
Force (N)
Sensor Based
-1.5
Linear (Sensor
Based)
Manually Measured
-2
-2.5
Correlation -0.996765684
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Position 0.05
(m)
0.04
0.03
0.02
0
0.5
1.5
Smallest Diff.:
2.10E-06
Highest Diff.: 0.01
2.5
3
Time (s)
Reading from the Sensor
Theoretical Position
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.07
Velocity (m/s)
Reading from the Sensor
Theoretical Position
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Conclusion
The used of Gizduino Microcontroller Atmega328 and Sensors
brought a simple and precise methods of data acquisition on
Classical Time Dependent Physics Experiments.
The advantage on the use electronics and programming benefits
the students on technical knowledge and skills.
Initially the data acquired are precise with a lesser uncertainty to
the theoretical values of the physical quantity.
The use of the microcontroller and sensors are flexible that allows
it to be applied and use at different fields of application.
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Work in Progress
Improvisation of Rotational Displacement Sensor
Improvisation of Photo-gate and Photo-Interrupter.
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Thank You!
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