Meeting with Dragados de Mexico

S.A.
17th May 2004

LNG Importation Terminals &

Associated Technology
Ing. Paul Sullivan
Roy Hughes

Skanska Whessoe
Whessoe LNG

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Corporate Outline
Process Description
Marine Considerations
Terminal and Tankage Layout
Geotechnical & Seismic Considerati
Regassification Options

Whessoe LNG

Skanska AB & Skanska Whessoe

Corporate Outline

Whessoe LNG

Whessoe LNG
World

Leader in LNG Tank Technologies

PC/Ni double and full containment tanks
PC/PC double and full containment tanks
Carbon Steel/ Ni or PC single containment tanks
NI and Al Modular tanks for GBS applications
World player in LNG Import Terminals
Marine and Civil in-house capability
World class Seismic and Geotechnical specialist

Whessoe LNG

SKANSKA AB
SKANSKA UK
WHESSOE LNG
CRYOGENIC GAS STORAGE, TANK TERMINALS & SYSTEMS

PRE-FEED
& FEED

ENGINEERING &
PROCUREMENT

ENGINEERING

Whessoe LNG

ENGINEERING, PROCUREMENT
CONSTRUCTION, START UP &
COMMISSION

ENGINEERING
PROCUREMENT
&
CONSTRUCTION
SERVICES

DECOMMISSIONING
REVALIDATION
RECOMMISSIONING

LNG TANKS, PLANTS & TERMINALS EXPERIENCE

PROJECT

TYPE OF CONTRACT

CLIENT

LOCATION

YEAR
BUILT

Import Facilities and

Regas Plant Upgrading

EPC Lump Sum

Lattice

Isle of Grain
UK

2003

2 x 100,000 m Full
Containment Tanks

Engineering and Site

Supervision

POSCO E&C

Kwangyang, Korea

2002

Conversion of Peak
Shaver Storage to Import
Terminal Storage

EPC

Lattice

Isle of Grain
UK

2002

3 x 140,000 m Full
Containment Tanks

Engineering and Site

Supervision Assistance

KGE

Tong Young

2002

2 x 140,000 m Full
Containment Tanks

Engineering and Site

Supervision Assistance

KGE

Tong Young

2001

2 x 140,000 m Full
Containment Tanks

Design, License,
Verification

KGE

Tong Young
Korea

2001

5 MMT/Yr LNG Import

Terminal and Regas Plant
with 3 x 160,000 m LNG
Tanks

EPC Lump Sum

Enron

Dabhol
India

1999

2 x 100,000 m or 1 x
220,000 m LNG Storage
Tanks

Feasibility Study

Statoil

Hammerfest
Norway

1998
2000

1 x 105,000 m Full
Containment LNG Tank

EPC Services

ENAGAS/Agroman

Cartagena
Spain

1996

2 x 102,000 m Full
Containment LNG Tanks

EPC Lump Sum

ALNG/Bechtel

Point Fortin
Trinidad

1996

2 x 65,000 m Full
Containment LNG Tanks
with Seismic Isolation

EPC Lump Sum

Gas Corporation of
Greece

Revithoussa
Greece

1994

Whessoe LNG

LNG TANKS, PLANTS & TERMINALS EXPERIENCE

PROJECT

TYPE OF CONTRACT

CLIENT

LOCATION

YEAR
BUILT

2 x 80,000 m LNG Tanks

License Agreement

Nippon Koi/
MHI

Japan

1981

1 x 50,000 m LNG Tank

with Secondary Concrete
Containment

EPC Lump Sum

British Gas
Corporation

Avonmouth
UK

1980

2 x 50,000 m LNG Tanks

with Secondary Concrete
Containment

EPC Lump Sum

British Gas
Corporation

Isle of Grain
UK

1977

1 x 80,000 m LNG Tank

License Agreement

GdeF/CMP

Fos Sur Mer

France

1975

1 x 50,000 m LNG Tank

with Secondary Concrete
Containment

EPC Lump Sum

British Gas
Corporation

Avonmouth
UK

1974

3 x 80,000 m LNG Tanks

License Agreement

Distrigas/CMP

Zeebrugge
Belgium

1974

2 x 70,000 m LNG Tanks

Supply Only

Sonatrach/CBI

Skikda
Algeria

1973

2 x 50,000 m LNG Tanks

EPC Lump Sum

British Gas
Corporation

Partington
UK

1971

LNG Peak Shaver

including Road Tanker
Facility

EPC Lump Sum

East Midland Gas

Board

Ambergate
UK

1967

5 x 9,000 m LNG Storage

Tanks and Associated
Process Plant

EPC Lump Sum

North Thames Gas

Board

Canvey Island
UK

1962

1 x 2,390 m LNG Storage

Tanks and Associated
Process Plant

EPC Lump Sum

North Thames Gas

Board

Canvey Island
UK

1957

Whessoe LNG

LNG STUDIES EXPERIENCE

PROJECT

SCOPE

CLIENT

LOCATION

YEAR

LNG Import Terminal

(PhI 1.3 bscfd)
(PhII 2.6 bscfd)

FEED study for the development of a new

LNG Import Terminal covering receiving,
storage and regasification and send out.

Sempra

Mexico

2003

LNG Storage

Very large tank study incorporating PC/Ni

and PC/PC options.

Confidential

N/A

2003

LNG Import Terminal

(4.4 MMTPA)

Study to determine feasibility of developing

an LNG import terminal on a man made
island and regasification plant to feed subsea
pipeline to shore. GBS option also reviewed.

Confidential

Asia

2003

LNG Import Terminal

Scoping study for the development of LNG

receiving storage and regasification facility.

Confidential

Asia

2002

Special LNG storage

project

Development of new concept in LNG storage

ExxonMobil

N/A

2000 to
2004

LNG Import Terminal

(4 MMTPA)

Scoping study to determine feasibility of

developing a LNG import terminal and
regasfication plant on land previously used
for oil storage and refining.

Petroplus

Europe

2002

LNG Storage

Study to evaluate the suitability of converting

peak shaver LNG storage tanks to base load
import terminal LNG tanks

Lattice

Europe

2002

LNG Import Terminal

(1.5 bscfd)

FEED study for a new LNG import terminal in

the USA and assistance with FERC
submission.

Sempra
Energy

USA

LNG Import Terminal

FEED study for the development of LNG

receiving, storage and regasification facility,
send out to power station and grid pipeline.

Confidential

Middle East

2001

LNG Import Terminal

Site selection study initially to minimise

marine and site development costs. Full
FEED to be developed after site selection

CMS

Mexico

2001

Whessoe LNG

2001 and
2002

LNG STUDIES EXPERIENCE

PROJECT

SCOPE

CLIENT

LOCATION

YEAR

LNG Import Terminal

Conceptual study of Gravity Based Structure

using conventional onshore technology for
terminal components.

Confidential

Gulf of Mexico

2001

Terminal Expansion

Feasibility study of third tank on island

DEPA

Revithoussa,
Greece

2001

LNG Import Terminal

Techno/economic Study for the development

of LNG option for power station expansion
plan covering economic shipment scenarios,
terminal capacity, receiving and
regasification facilities, jetty, safety, and
environmental impact.

PB Power

Vasilikos,
Cyprus

2001

LNG Storage

Development of storage options and costs

for LNG, Propane, Butane and condensate
tanks for new facility.

Texaco

Angola

2000

LNG Import Terminal

(3 MMTPA)

FEED study for the development of LNG

receiving, storage and regasification facility,
send out to power station and grid pipeline.
Alternative shipping scenarios considered.

Woodside
Australian
Energy

Shenzhen,
China

2000

LNG Storage

Development of storage concept and

philosophy including scope, construction,
costs, and schedule for several options.

Statoil

Hammerfest,
Norway

2000

LNG Storage

Feasibility Study on Design and Construction

3
of storage tank over 200,000 m .

Statoil

Hammerfest,
Norway

2000

LNG Storage

Development of storage concept and

philosophy including scope, construction,
costs, and schedule for several options.

CNOOC

Shenzhen,
China

2000

LNG Import Terminal

Techno/Economic viability study for devpt of

LNG receiving, storage and regasification
facility covering several options.

AES

Cartagena,
Spain

1999

Whessoe LNG

LNG STUDIES EXPERIENCE

PROJECT
LNG Storage

SCOPE

CLIENT

LOCATION

YEAR

Development of storage concept and philosophy

including scope, construction, costs, and
schedule for several options.

Pertronas

Confidential

1999

LNG Import Terminal

Development of capacity, scope and preliminary

cost estimates for LNG receiving, storage and
regasification facility. Range of tanker
capacities considered.

Gadisa

Gallicia, Spain

1998

LNG Import Terminal

Development of capacity, scope and preliminary

cost estimates for LNG receiving, storage and
regasification facility. Range of tanker
capacities considered.

P T Vico

Indonesia

1998

LNG Import Terminal

Development of capacity, scope and preliminary

cost estimates for LNG receiving, storage and
regasification facility. Range of tanker
capacities considered.

Reliance

Jamnagar, India

1998

Whessoe LNG

Quality / Safety and Environmental

Policy

Whessoe LNG

HSE Management Certificates

Whessoe LNG

Quality Assurance Certificates

Whessoe LNG

Caring about the environment

First global construction

company where all units
are ISO 14001 certified.
All companies acquired
must be ISO 14001
certified within two years
after acquisition.
Skanska is listed on the
Dow Jones Sustainability
Index for the third time
this year as the business
sector leader.

Whessoe LNG

Focus on customer needs

Whessoe LNG

On Time Delivery

Whessoe LNG

Safety Comes First

Whessoe LNG

Working conditions make a

difference

Whessoe LNG

Respecting the Environment

Whessoe LNG

Process Description

Whessoe LNG

The Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) Train

Whessoe LNG

Whessoe LNG

LNG Receiving Terminal

LNG STORAGE
TANK

IN TANK
PUMPS

BOG COMPRESSOR
Submerged Combustion
Type

HIGH PRESSURE GAS

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

LOADING ARMS

VAPORISERS
HIGH PRESSURE GAS TO
POWER PLANTS
PILED FOUNDATION
LNG SHIP

SEA WATER
Open Rack Type

ELEVATED
FLARE

Whessoe LNG

Marine Considerations

Whessoe LNG

LNG Marine Facilities - Key Design

Factors

Basic metocean data

Wind speeds and principal wind direction

Wave heights and principal wave direction
Tidal range
Current velocity and direction

Whessoe LNG

LNG Marine Facilities - Key Design

Factors
Environmental impact
Impact of marine works on the local environment, eg:
sedimentation arising from dredging
disposal of dredged material
noise and vibration arising from pile driving

Whessoe LNG

LNG Marine Facilities - Key Design

Factors
Sub-soil conditions
Soil conditions
Sea-bed bathymetry

Whessoe LNG

LNG Marine Facilities - Key Design

Factors
Downtime at berth resulting from environmental
conditions versus tank storage capacity
Requirements for breakwater to reduce or
eliminate berth downtime
Vessel navigation, approach channel and
turning basin relative to existing facilities
Orientation of berth versus principal wind and
wave direction

Whessoe LNG

LNG Marine Facilities - Key Design

Factors
Location of berth (offshore or near shore).
Jetty cost versus dredging costs versus
bathymetry and soil conditions
Potential for erosion of sea bed after berth
construction
Sedimentation and requirements for
maintenance dredging
Requirements for reclamation of additional
land, if any

Whessoe LNG

LNG Marine Facilities - Key Design

Factors

Protection of existing shoreline against storm surge and

wave action
Provision for tug and pilot vessels
Selection of foundation type for jetty head and dolphins
based on soil type, available plant and materials and
likely environmental conditions during construction
Design life and maintainability of structure
Seismic activity to be accounted for in the design

Whessoe LNG

LNG Marine Facilities - Wharf

Construction
Even though wharves are not normally used at
LNG Terminals, they still represent an option
and can be constructed in a variety of ways
Using gravity concrete structures, caissons,
counterfort wall or unreinforced concrete
blocks.
Driven combination, steel pile wall, plus ground
anchors or steel sheet pile cellular cofferdams.

Whessoe LNG

SHEET PILE WALL CONSTRUCTION

Whessoe LNG

LNG Marine Facilities - Jetty

Construction
Typically insitu / pre cast concrete deck, supported by open
ended driven Steel Tube Piles.
A proportion of the Piles are designed as tension piles to
resist lateral loads such as Waves, Mooring and Berthing
forces.
In areas where rock is encountered at shallow depth it may
be necessary to drill and socket before or after pile
installation. This is achieved by either, creating a large socket
in advance, or after installation, by small sockets
incorporating steel section or ground anchors.

Whessoe LNG

MARINE DOCK UPPERWORKS CONSTRUCTION

Whessoe LNG

DRIVEN PILE DOCK CONSTRUCTION

Whessoe LNG

DRIVEN PILES AND CROSS BEAM CONSTRUCTION

Whessoe LNG

UNLOADING LINE BELLOWS UNIT

Whessoe LNG

ELEVATED PIPERACKS AND ROADWAY

Whessoe LNG

DAHEJ PETROCHEMICAL JETTY

Multi-product petrochemical jetty

Whessoe LNG

Dabhol

Whessoe LNG

Export Terminal Jetty

Whessoe LNG

Tankage & Terminal Layout

Whessoe LNG

Initial Considerations

Site pre-selection
Compilation of local data
Geological assessment
Preliminary assessment of environmental
impact and limitations
Preliminary assessment of safety impact
and limitations
Site layout
Economic evaluation
Planning and Authority Approval

Whessoe LNG

LNG Terminal Layout in Port Area

REGASSIFICATION
PLANT

LNG TANKS

DOCKING AREA

PIPERACK

BUILDINGS
FLARE

Whessoe LNG

Storage Concepts - References

BS 7777: 1993
Single containment
Double containment
Full containment
BS EN 1473: 1997
As above plus:
Membrane
Double concrete
Note: all above ground storage concepts

Whessoe LNG

Storage Concepts
DOUBLE CONTAINMENT

SINGLE CONTAINMENT

CARBON STEEL
OUTER TANK

CARBON STEEL
OUTER TANK
9% Ni
INNER TANK

LOW DISTANT
BUND

TALL CLOSE
BUND
9% Ni
INNER TANK

FULL CONTAINMENT
PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE
OUTER TANK
9% Ni
INNER TANK

Whessoe LNG

Design Codes for LNG Tanks and Plant

NFPA 59A (USA)
DOT.49.CFR 193 (USA)
EN 1473 (Europe)

Design Codes for LNG Tanks

API 620 Appendix Q
Single Containment Only
(USA)
BS 7777:1993
Single, Double, Full Containment and membrane
(UK)
CEN TC 265
Single, Double, Full Containment and membrane
(Europe - in preparation)

Whessoe LNG

Storage Tank

Whessoe LNG

TYPICAL PILING OF TANK FOUNDATION

Whessoe LNG

Double Containment LNG Tank

Whessoe LNG

PC/9%Ni Full Containment Tank with Concrete Roof

Whessoe LNG

In Ground LNG Tanks

Whessoe LNG

In Ground LNG Tanks - Japan

Whessoe LNG

Influence of NFPA 59A and EN 1473

Tank spacing
Product Spillage
Fire criteria
Vapour dispersion
Blast and Impact
Seismic design

Whessoe LNG

Area Requirements
Single containment
Area = 129,600m2

LNG TANKS

CONTAINMENT
BUND

Whessoe LNG

Area Requirements
Double and
full containment
Area = 57,600m2

LNG TANKS

Whessoe LNG

Tank Fires
Single Containment

Double Containment

Full Containment

Whessoe LNG

Vapour Dispersion
Single Containment

Double Containment

Full Containment

Whessoe LNG

Advantages of Full Containment LNG Tanks

Safety
Robust design, Full integrity
Enhanced fire protection
Enhanced Blast and impact protection
Burn Out Scenario
Closer tank spacing optimising available
land
Increased internal design pressure enabling
greater process flexibility

Whessoe LNG

SKANSKA WHESSOE
PC/PC LNG Tank Design

Whessoe LNG

The PC/PC Design is based on the standard

Double or Full Containment Above Ground Tank
Concept.

The Inner Container is constructed from Prestressed

Concrete, which is in contact with the LNG, and is
allowed to shrink on cool down.

The Outer Container is of similar construction and also

not restrained from the thermal movements resulting
from any emergency load situation.
Whessoe LNG

The PC/PC design principles are not new, but have

been tested over many years of service.
First cryogenic tank built 1952, decommissioned in 1985.
First LNG contact tank tested in 1964.
Over 20 dyke walls were built between 1964 and 1981,
including all those for British Gas peak shaving plants.
Single Containment LNG Tanks built in 1969 still operational.
Double Containment Tanks built 1974 to1981 still operational.

Whessoe LNG

CONCRETE LNG TANKS AT BARCELONA

Whessoe LNG

PHILADELPHIA SECONDARY CONTAINMENT LNG TANKS

Whessoe LNG

PRINCIPLE ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE LNG

STORAGE
REDUCTION

IN CONSTRUCTION COST

REDUCTION IN IMPORT TAX LIABILITY

REDUCTION IN CONSTRUCTION TIME
INCREASES USE OF LOCAL RESOURCES
INCREASES USE OF LOCAL MATERIALS
DESIGN ANALYSIS SIMPLER
PROVEN TECHNOLOGY
INCREASES SAFETY

Whessoe LNG

PC/PC Tank Components

Foundations are conventional concrete slabs either piled

or ground bearing depending on ground conditions.

The inner tank floor is again conventional with

unrestrained nickel steel on insulation layers. Both
internal and perimeter weld details and all materials are to
API 620.

Whessoe LNG

DETAIL OF FLOOR/WALL CONNECTION

PRESTRESSED CONCRETE WALL

SKETCH PLATE IN 9% NICKEL STEEL

FLOOR PLATE IN 9%
NICKEL STEEL
INSULATION
SECONDARY
BOTTOM IN
9% NICKEL STEEL
SECTION THROUGH WALL TO FLOOR JOINT

SKETCH PLATE
SHEAR KEYS

SEALED BALSA
BASE UNITS

(SEISMIC LOCK)

SECTION ALONG WALL BASE

Whessoe LNG

DETAIL OF WALL DESIGN

VERTICAL PRESTRESS BY INTERNAL
TENDON

STRESSING ENSURES THAT FOR ALL

LOADING CASES THERE IS NO STRESS
REVERSAL AND NO IMPACT LOADINGS.
LNG LIQUID
PRESSURE
HORIZONTAL PRESTRESS
BY WIRE WINDING

THEREFORE NORMAL STEELS CAN BE

USED IN THE CRYOGENIC
ENVIRONMENT.
THE CONCRETE REMAINS IN
COMPRESSION AT ALL TIMES,
BECOMING STRONGER, AS DOES
STEEL, WITH REDUCING
TEMPERATURE.
DESIGN IS ALL BASED ON AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE CAPABILITY FOR BOTH
WALL COMMISSIONING CONTROLLED

Whessoe LNG

Whessoe LNG

Whessoe LNG

OUTER TANK WALL

OUTER WALL DETAIL

CARBON
STEEL LINER

ANNULAR
SPACE
FILLED WITH

INNER TANK

PERLITE
9% NICKEL
STEEL SKIRT
AND SKETCH
PLATES

THICKENED 9% NICKEL STEEL SECONDARY BOTTOM ANNULAR

PLATE
TEFLON
COVERED
ANNULAR
SPACER
PLATE
TEFLON COVERED CS ANNULAR SPACER PLATE

Whessoe LNG

ROOF
CONCEPT

UPPER RING BEAM CAST

AFTER ROOF LIFT

OUTER WALL RING BEAM

RING BEAM TENDONS

STRESSED BEFORE AIR LIFT
WIREWINDING CARRIED OUT
AFTER COMPLETION OF TOP
POUR

TEMPORARY
SEAL

Whessoe LNG

CONVENTIONAL WHESSOE
ROOF
AIR LIFT DETAIL

NEW PC/PC TANK ADVANTAGES

BASIC DESIGN AND DETAILS PROVEN, DEVELOPMENTS USE

PROVEN WHESSOE TECHNOLOGY
LINER DETAIL CHANGES ALLOW SLIP FORM CONSTRUCTION
TO BE USED
RING BEAM DESIGN ALLOWS USE OF PROVEN AIR LIFT ROOF
TECHNOLOGY
SLIDING WALL DETAIL REDUCES COMPLEXITY AND TIME FOR
OUTER WALL
LARGE SIZE CAPABILITY - DESIGNS UP TO 240,000CM
AVAILABLE

Whessoe LNG

PC/PC TANK ADVANTAGES

DESIGN FOR IMPACT - STATEN ISLAND TANKS DESIGNED FOR BOEING

747 IMPACT

Whessoe LNG

Whessoe LNG

Geotechnical and Seismic

Considerations

Whessoe LNG

General Considerations

Geological data
Soils data
Geotechnical aspects
Topography
Water table

Seismicity
Faults
Soil liquefaction
OBE & SSE

Whessoe LNG

Site Investigation

Regional Geological Investigation

Regional Seismicity Investigation

Site Specific Soils Investigation

Site Seismic Hazard Assessment

Whessoe LNG

Seismic Design
General

Damage arising from earthquakes can be classified as:

Direct
Surface faulting/rupture
Liquefaction
Ground lurching
Differential Settlement
Lateral Spreading
Landslides
Indirect
Tsunamis
Seiches
Landslides
Floods
Fires

Whessoe LNG

Kobe 1995 - Liquefaction of Ground Adjacent to Tanks

Whessoe LNG

Seismic Design

Performance-based design

NFPA 59A - LNG

Multiple damage levels which are expected to be achieved
Serviceability OBE
Survivability SSE
Operator shall perform site investigation to determine seismic potential and
resulting response spectra
Identification of surface faulting
Transmission characteristics, liquefaction
determination of vertical & horizontal spectra
Spillage & combined OBE aftershocks

Whessoe LNG

Foundation Design
Identification of ground suitability
Bearing Pressures
Settlement (Differential)
Suitability of Ground Improvement Techniques
Removal of material
Vibro-compaction, Stone columns
Pre-loading
Conventional
Piles
Barrettes

Whessoe LNG

Tokyo, Great Kanto, 1 Sept 1923

Statistics

Great Kanto earthquake spawned modern age of earthquake engineering

Main Event M=7.9, followed by 200 After shocks on Sept 1

>=300 After shocks on Sept 2, >=300 After shocks Sept 3-5

Maximum acceleration in alluvial deposits estimated 0.4g

Earth uplifted 24ft for approx 72 hours, permanent displacement 5ft

Fires raged for 2 days

Fire induced winds spawned cyclones which spread the flames

40,000 people suffocated in one location seeking refuge

In Yokohama 80% of destruction due to fire

Induced Tsunami up to 40ft in height

381,000 houses burnt, 83,000 collapsed, 91,000 partially collapsed

Whessoe LNG

Northridge, 17 Jan 1994 Statistics

Costliest seismic disaster in US history

M=6.7, Moderate in size

Centred directly beneath a heavily populated region

Occurred on a previously buried, previously unknown fault

57 Dead

9,000 Injured

20,000 Displaced by earthquake

1,600 Buildings marked as unsafe

7,300 buildings with restricted entry

$20 Billion Damage

Whessoe LNG

Kobe, Jan 17 1995 Statistics

Costliest seismic disaster in Japanese history

11 on MM, 7.2 on JMA

Pga 0.8g in near fault alluvial sites

Focal depth 10 km

Liquefaction induced subsidence up to 3.0 m

5,090 Dead

30,000 Injured

300,000 Homeless (1/5 of Citys Population)

100,000 Buildings destroyed

$200 Billion Damage (10 x Northridge)

30% Japans commercial shipping passes through Kobe

Whessoe LNG

Silo Farm

Whessoe LNG

Frequency of Large Earthquakes

Number of large earthquakes M>=6.0 has stayed relatively

constant
Based on observations since 1900

Average of 120 per year in range 6.0-6.9

Past decade annual number have ranged

79 in 1989
141 in 1993

Numbers indicate that events like those affecting Northridge and

Kobe are not unusual

Seismic analysis is therefore of strategic importance to

hazardous/life threatening facilities

Whessoe LNG

Summary
Numerous urban regions contain strike/slip faults which can
rupture all the way to or close to the ground surface, as occurred
in Kobe during the 1995 earthquake.
There is no doubt that these will produce earthquakes at some
time in the future.
The urgent questions for earthquake scientists and engineers
are whether the ground motions from these earthquakes will be
as severe as those experienced in Kobe.
P.Somerville

Whessoe LNG

Alaska 1964 - Fire and Tsunami Damage

Whessoe LNG

Regassification Options

Whessoe LNG

VESSEL INSTALLATION

Whessoe LNG

BOG COMPRESSORS

Whessoe LNG

ERECTION OF A TYPICAL FLARE

Whessoe LNG

PROCESS PLANT OVERVIEW

Whessoe LNG

PIPEWORK INSULATION SYSTEMS

Whessoe LNG

Loading Arms

Whessoe LNG

Whessoe LNG

Open Rack Vaporiser

Whessoe LNG

Open Rack Vaporiser

Whessoe LNG

Submerged Combustion Vaporiser

Whessoe LNG

Submerged Combustion Vaporiser

Whessoe LNG

Submerged Combustion Vaporiser

Whessoe LNG

Whessoe LNG

Whessoe LNG