National Power Control Centre, Islamabad

Presentation Sequence
Introduction to NPCC
System Operation, Control and Planning
Load Management
Dispatch Facilities at NPCC

Introduction

INTRODUCTION TO NPCC
National

Power Control Center (NPCC) is part of

National Transmission and Despatch Company (NTDC)
which is a corporate entity unbundled from WAPDA
power wing

NTDC

constructs, operates, maintains 500/220 kV

lines/grid stations, purchases power from generators
and sells it to DISCOs

DISCOs construct, operate, maintain 132/66 kV lines &

grid stations and 11/0.4 kV distribution system

NPCC is control center of NTDC and is responsible for

operation of generation and transmission system

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MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF NPCC

1. To Maintain balance between Supply & Demand.
2. To control Frequency and Voltage.
3. Operational Control of Power Network.
4. To Maintain Security & Stability of network.
5. Estimation of Month-wise Annual Energy.
6. Economic Dispatch.

MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF NPCC

7.

To Schedule maintenance SHUT-DOWNS on powerplants & Transmission network elements.

8.

Short to medium term Operational Planning.

9.

Advance Notifications to thermal plants for fuel

arrangement.

10. Collection of System Data and preparation of Reports

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7

Power System Structure

HYDEL
NUCLEAR

THERMAL

NTDC
(NPCC Control)

DISCOS
8

KESC

National Power Control Centre

NPCC is responsible for Controlling and Monitoring of

electrical power generation of plants and 500/220 kV Power

Network of the country excluding Karachi.

Power Plants:
500 kV Grid Stations:
220 kV Grid Stations:
132 kV Grid Stations:

73
16
53
753

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System Operation Hierarchy

NCC

(National
(National Control
Control Centre)
Centre)
Generation
Generation Control
Control
Switching
Switching &
& Operating
Operating Control
Control
of
of 500
500 &
& 220
220 kV
kV Network
Network

RCCN
(Regional Control
Centre North)
Islamabad

RCCS
(Regional Control
Centre South)
Jamshoro

Switching & Operation of 132 & 66

kV Northern Network

Switching & Operation of 132 & 66

kV Southern Network
11

Organization Chart
General Manager
(SO)

Chief Engineer
(Network Opn)

Chief Engineer
(Opn Planning)

Director
LDP

Manager
PPC
12

Manager
Power Control

Manager
RCC-N

Manager
RCC-S

System Operation, Control

and Planning

13

Generation Despatch
Generation is despatched from power plants to end

consumers through 500/220/132 kV Transmission Network.

Installed capacity:
De-rated capacity:

22,873 MW
20,812 MW.

Maximum Despatch:
Sources:

16,866 MW (06-July-2015)

Hydel, Gas, Nuclear, FO,

HSD, Wind, Coal, Bagasse, Solar

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Generation Sources
Installed Capacity (22,873 MW)

5998

9973

6902

WAPDA HYDEL
IPPS
GENCO's

Derated Capacity (20,812 MW)

4738

9172
15

6902

WAPDA HYDEL
IPPS
GENCO's

Fuel Wise Installed Capacity

25000

22873

20000

15000

Capacity (MW)

10000
7097

8313
6210

5000
1153 665
0

16

84

Fuel Type

254

100

150

Derated Capacity Fuel Wise

25000
20812
20000

15000
Capacity (MW) 10000
7097 7283
5000

5360
1071 616

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Fuel Type

72

254

100

30

Maximum Recorded Peak

16th, July 2015
18000

16866

16000
14000
12000
10000
Generation (MW)

8000

7605
6409

6000
4000

2852

2000
0
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WAPDA HYDEL

IPPS

GENCO's

Generation Source

TOTAL

Generation Planning & Despatch

Procedure and steps:
Generation Forecasting/Estimation

on daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly basis,

keeping in view:
Irrigation indents of Hydel stations
Schedule outages
Forced outages
Constraints if any

Demand Forecasting/Estimation

Based on historical trends

Despatch Of Available Generation

As per merit order.

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Economic Merit Order

Merit order of Thermal Plants is determined on the basis of fuel

efficiencies.
Plants are dispatched in this order keeping in view the technical

constraints if any. For example:

Voltage problem
Operating limits of GENCOs/IPPs
Transmission/Transformation Limitations.

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Transmission Operation & Control

Operational objectives of NPCC are:
Keeping balance between demand and supply all

the time
Maintaining stable frequency
Maintaining system security and reliability
Keeping stable voltages over primary network
Monitoring of transmission & transformer

parameters
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SWITCHING OPERATIONS

NPCC performs Switching Operation on Transmission Network,

in following scenarios:
Planned shutdowns for maintenance, cleaning and washing

activities
Emergent shutdowns in case of abnormal situations.
Transmission lines and transformers tripping.

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Load Management

25

Generation/Demand Balancing

System

The primary function of NPCC is to keep balance

between demand and supply & to ensure system security
and reliability. In balanced condition system frequency is
50 Hz.

GENERATIO
N

26

DEMAND

SYSTEM FREQUENCY
=
50 HZ

Generation/Demand Balancing
When
demand
exceeds
generation,
frequency
depreciates below 50 Hz and in order to maintain
balance between demand and generation, load
management has to be carried out.

SYSTEM FREQUENCY
<
50 HZ

GENERATIO
N

DEMAND

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Load Management

NPCC has to maintain the balance between demand

and generation all the time.

Load Management is carried out to maintain balance

between generation and demand otherwise system may
undergo major disturbance leading to a partial or total
collapse.

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LOAD MANAGEMENT TYPES

Scheduled Load Management

System Security Load Management.

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Scheduled Load Management

Scheduled Load Management
Carried out by DISCOs, keeping in view the following factors.
Load Demand of respective DISCO.
Generation Share allocated to DISCO by NPCC.
Constraints like voltage drop, loading position of Transmission Lines

and of Transformers , including 11 kV & below voltage level, system.

30

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System Security Load Management

System Security Load Management (Forced LS)
Carried out by NPC by opening 132kV Transmission Lines
in case of extreme system emergencies.
Examples of extreme emergencies:
1. Un-foreseen generating unit Outages.
2. Abrupt change in Irrigation Indents.
3. Non implementation of Schedule Load Management by
DISCOs
4. Rupturing of Gas Pipe Lines.
5. Non availability of Fuel.
6. Sabotage activities on Transmission Lines.
7. Transmission/Transformer problems
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TESCO: Federally Administered Tribal

Areas (FATA)) and Frontier Regions-FRs
PESCO : All districts of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
MEPCO: The area
from Sahiwal to Sadiqabad,
Bahawalnager to Bahawalpur, Tounsa Shari
f to Rajanpur,
FESCO: The districts of Faisalabad,
Sargodha, Mianwali, Khushab, Jhang,
Bhakker, T.T Singh

QESCO: Entire Balochistan

Province

IESCO: The districts

of Rawalpindi, Chakwal, Attock,
Jhelum and Federal Capital
Islamabad
GEPCO: Districts of Gujranwala,
Hafizabad, Sialkot, Narowal,
Gujrat and Mandi Bahauddin
LESCO: The Districts of Lahore,
Kasur, Okara and Sheikhupura.

SEPCO: Districts Sukkur, Ghotki, Khairpur, Kashmore

/Kandhkot,Jacobabad, Shikarpur, Larkana, Kambar/
Shahdadkot,Dadu and Some Portions of Jamshoro,
Naushehro Feroze, Shaheed Benazirabad and Rahimyar
Khan.
HESCO: All Province of Sindh except Karachi, Sukkur,
Ghotki, Khairpur, Kashmore/Kandhkot, Jacobabad,
Shikarpur, Larkana, Kambar/Shahdadkot, Dadu
and Some Portions of Jamshoro, Naushehro Feroze,
Shaheed Benazirabad and Rahimyar Khan

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Despatch Facilities available at

NPCC

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Outline of Despatch Facilities

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) System
LED Type Rear Projection Wall Display 9.59x3.08m, flexible to show

any type of power system displays & geographical pictures.

Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) at outstations.
Frequency Recorder with very high time resolution.
Communication Network using OPGW and Digital PLC
Public Telephone and Fax
AMR System Display

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VIEW OF NATIONAL CONTROL CENTRE (NCC)

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