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April 4, 2016
Introduction to Schedule
The Schedule section of an Eclipse data deck
Defines simulation wells, connections, vertical
performance, artificial lift, controls and limits.
VFPPROD, VFPINJ
WELSPECS, COMPDAT, COMPRP, COMPVE
WCONPROD, WELDRAW
WCONINJ, WCONINJE
QDRILL, WDRILTIM, WELSOMIN
WELPI, WPIMULT
WCUTBACK, WORKLIM, WORKTHP,
COMPLUG, WPLUG
WLIFT
WTEST
WORKLIM
CECON, WECON, WECONINJ
WLIMTOL
GRUPTREE
GCONPROD, GUIDERAT, WGRUPCON,
PRIORITY, WELPRI
GCONINJE, GUIDERAT, WGRUPCON,
PRIORITY, WELPRI, WINJMULT
GSATPROD, GSATINJE
GECON
TUNING, TUNINGL, NEXTSTEP
RPTSCHED, RPTRST
DATES, TSTEP, END
Introduction to Schedule
Generating a Schedule Section
Involves massive amount of data processing.
Grid dependent.
Simulation time framework dependent.
Introduction to Schedule
Schedule prepares and validates
Introduction to Schedule
Schedule uses advanced
Wells
- Paths
- Tubulars
- Chokes
- Completions
- Workovers
- Production
- Injection
Geological Model
Network
Groups
-Capacities
-Demands
CTF
GGS
OCS
OCS
Well Path
[ OFM / Finder /
FloGrid ]
Production Data
[OFM / Finder]
Schedule
Results
ECLIPSE
Well Events
[OFM / Finder]
Rate
Measured Data
Time Period
Schedule Storage
Rate
Simulator Rate
Time Period
*DATE, *DAY, *MONTH, *YEAR, *YY/MM, *YYMMDD,
*MMDDYY, *DDMMMYYYY, ..
*FORMAT
*WELL 1 6
*DATE 8 15
*OIL
16 25
*END_FORMAT
*FREE_FORMAT
*WELL
*DATE
*OIL
*END_FORMAT
*DAILY
*WELL *DATE *OIL *GAS *WATER *UPTIME
Well Path
Trajectory File - Well path in
grid I, J, K coordinates.
Cell entry/exit points in map
coordinates (x, y, z)
Cell entry/exit faces (Z-, Z+,
)
Cell permeability and netto-gross.
Deviation File Well path in
map coordinates (UTM)
I
J
I-
Z-
Entry point/face
3D Visualisation
Well Completions vs. Connections
multiphase flow
calculation through
casing
tubing
Location of devices
Packers, chokes and
other inflow devices
Well1:02
Inflow Controls
Perforations
Packers
Well1%Branch2
Choke
Well1%Branch1
Well1%Branch3
Keywords
CASING well/branch, MD, id, int. roughness.
TUBING name, start/end casing, MD, id, od, int/ext
roughness.
PACKER name, casing name, MD.
CHOKE - name, casing name, MD.
INFLOW name, tubing name, MD.
Events
Events are Triggers that cause
A DATE keyword to be inserted in the Schedule section.
A change in well specifications, PI, etc.
A Change in operating controls
Import from ASCII File
Enter data interactively.
Extract data from Eclipse data file.
Group-Well Hierarchy
FIELD
group1
well1
well2
well3
well2
well1
group2
group1
well4
well3
FIELD
well5
group2
well4
well5
Control Network
Time Dependent Group-Well
Hierarchy
Import ASCII keyword File.
Create / assign wells / groups
interactively.
Create network configuration
at different times.
Extract from Eclipse Data File.
*GROUPNODE
group1 FIELD
group2 FIELD
*LEAFNODE
well1
group1
well2
group2
well3
group2
module
Create well under groups.
Export data to files.
Launch Events Editor for
wells / groups / field.
Display completion /event
graphs.
Graph / Table Production.
Start trajectory / segment
edit.
3D well visualization
Drag items
to build
network
Date for
Network
Wells
Groups
Available
networks.
Launch Events Editor for wells /
groups / field.
Display completion /event
graphs.
Graph / Table Production.
Start trajectory / segment edit.
3D well visualization
Tables.
Compute and display group
and field production.
Compute and display
cumulative and averaged
production (WCONHIST).
Create / Edit data in tables.
events.
Create / Edit events.
Templates
Macros
Display completion / event
graphs.
maps events onto grid
respect geological layers
QC Production / Events
Cell
location
Event
Toggle
Axis to
m. depth
Status line
shows event
attributes
Scalable
Flow
Diagram
Well
Trajectory
Grid layer
planar and
approximate the model
Geological
structure
layer
Schedule can shift
events to fit within a
specified grid layer.
Define a layer Table.
Perforation
Layer Modelling
Simple Shift
events moved into layer
clipped if necessary
relative position of
events not honoured
Layer Modelling
Scaled Shift
Total event range is
Layer Modelling
Relative Shift
events moved into layer.
Length honoured.
relative position of
events not honoured.
TEMPLATE Keywords
Defined at the Field or Group Level and
applied to lower level in the hierarchy on
a particular date.
generated on Schedule section export.
Existing data has priority.
Lower level templates have priority.
Cannot be applied on Macro generated
keywords.
Apply to name patterns.
MACRO Keywords
Define at Field or group level at certain date to generate
keywords.
Generated on Schedule Section Export.
Well keyword (Wxxx..) generates this keyword for all wells
lower in the hierarchy.
Similar Group keyword (Gxxx..) generation.
Existing keyword and data items have priority.
Lower level Macros have priority.
Apply to name patterns.
Permeability tensor
Partial completion
Damage skin can be specified separately
Connection Factor
KH in the i direction:
KHi = {(Kj*Kk)1/2 hi}
I - Transmissibility :
Ti = cKHi/(ln(roi/rw) +S)
Cell Connection Factor:
CCF = (Ti2 + Tj2 +Tk2)1/2
h1
Cell Permeability
Ki in I, J, & K
Kj
Perforations
from Events
Kk
h2
Simulation Cell
Connection Factor
Net-to-gross term
Eclipse 100 option: multiplier for
Cell Dz.
hk ( k-component of the perforation vector).
Eclipse 300 option: multiplier for
hk ( k-component of the perforation vector).
Scaled permeability option: multiplier for
Perm_i and Perm_j.
ECLIPSE - COMPDAT
Transmissibility factor for the connection CCF (optional).
Well bore diameter rw (required).
Effective Kh of the connection Kh (optional)
assumes entire cell is completed.
Skin Factor S (optional) .
D-Factor non-Darcy flow (optional).
alternatively use WDFAC keyword.
COMPDAT Generation
Pseudo Skin
Sps = constant * Kh / CCF ln(ro/rw)
Accounts for position and partial completion within cell.
Combines with Eclipse (cell) Kh Schedule CCF.
CCF = CCFi
rw = rwi*hi / hi
S = si*hi / hi
I
K
h1
rw
s
h2
rw
KHw < 0
Kh1 as computed from trajectory information.
Eclipse Kh.
Pseudo skin exported.
Suppress CCF, Skin and Kh
Eclipse will compute CCF.
well completions.
Review predictions target infill wells.
3D Viewer
Edit Well paths / create new
wells.
View well deviation,
trajectory, completions and
connections.
Multi-segment well display.
Compare completions with
grid connections.
View only well cells or entire
grid.
3D Visualization
Animation tools for critical
analysis of history match.
Perforation / completions
plugs with time
Good Luck !