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v The latest technologies being developed now-a-days primarily

aim towards
v automation in real-time. Some of the illustrative examples are
NASA¶s Mars rovers,
v Robots, Mobile Cellular phones, DVD players, etc. Each of
these applications performs
v a specific defined function. Such systems, which pave way for
automation, are based on
v the basic concept called ³REAL-TIME EMBEDDED
SYSTEM´.
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v Timeliness is the single most important aspect of a real-time
system. These systems respond to a series of external inputs,
which arrive in an unpredictable fashion.
v The real-time systems process these inputs, take appropriate
decisions and also generate output necessary to control the
peripherals connected to them.
v ³A real-time system is one in which the correctness of the
computations not only depends upon the logical correctness of
the computation but also upon the time in which the result is
produced.
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v The design of a real-time system must specify the timing
requirements of the system and ensure that the system
performance is both correct and timely.
There are three types of time constraints:
v ,|A late response is incorrect and implies a system
failure. An example of such a system is of medical equipment
monitoring vital functions of a human body , where a late
response would be considered as a failure.
v !Timeliness requirements are defined by using an
average response time. If a single computation is late, it is not
usually significant, although repeated late computation can result
in system failures.
v An example of such a system includes airlines reservation
systems.
v $This is a combination of both hard and soft timeliness
requirements. The computation has a shorter soft requirement
and a longer hard requirement.
v For example, a patient ventilator must mechanically ventilate
the patient a certain amount in a given time period. A few
seconds¶ delay in the initiation of breath is allowed, but not
more than that.
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An embedded system is a combination of computer hardware,
software and electro-mechanical parts tailored for a dedicated
single or combinations of functions.
-A computerized washing machine is an example of an
embedded system ð
Embedded systems are usually constructed with the least
powerful computers that can meet the functional and
performance requirements.
This is essential to lower the manufacturing cost of the
equipment .
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v The peripherals play a vital role in the functional performance of
the OBC.
v The peripheral ICs have to be tested for accurate working before
they are used in real-time.
v The testing procedure is thus carried out in real-time constraints
by a real-time embedded program which is already existing in
OBC.
v The testing procedures of various peripherals put together in that
program and are called ³Self Test´ of the OBC.
v This project presents with the necessary knowledge about the
various peripherals and the steps involved in the development of
the front-end GUI for the OBC in VC++.
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v The testing procedure is carried out in real-time constraints by
developing real time embedded programs.
v The testing procedures of various peripherals put together in the
OBC embedded program and called ³Self-Test´ of the OBC.
v The ³Self-Test´ program is so called as the ICs are tested using the
resources available on the OBC itself.
v The front-end GUI program on host PC is provided with the
initialization and opening of the RS-232 serial communication
port.
v Then the device, for which the health to be monitored is
transmitted as a serial number from the device list to OBC
embedded program.
v So, the GUI program on host PC will be waiting for a character
from OBC to know the status of the selected device.
v The GUI program can be used for number of devices in the list
and same device for number of times.
v Once all the devices are checked then the serial port
communication can be disconnected and the application can be
closed.
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v The peripheral ICs play a vital role in the functional
performance of the OBC.
v The peripherals ICs thus have to be tested for accurate working
before they are used in-flight.
v The testing procedure is carried out in real-time constraints by
using the real time embedded programs developed in the present
Self-Test program.
v The results obtained after testing are helpful in replacing the
peripherals with redundancy.
v On Board Computer is the central processing unit used on any
aerospace vehicle.
v Hence, its applicability mainly includes areas where remote
controlling with less human interference is required.
v Such application areas are satellites, missiles etc.
All these application areas are mission critical where failure of
OBC¶s functionality may lead to catastrophic results.
v The present work, OBC¶s Self-Test, monitors the functional
performance of OBC¶s peripherals and prevents undesired
effects resulting from its failure.
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v Operating System: Window XP
v Development platform: MS Visual C++ (Ver. 6.0).

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v Processor: Intel Pentium 4
v Clock : 2.4GHz
v RAM : 512 MB
v Hard Disk: 20GB
v Keyboard: Standard 101/102 key
v Mouse: PS/2 Optical
v Serial Port: COM1 to COM4
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v On Board Computer is a Real-Time Embedded System. It
is the central information processing system in the
airborne vehicle.
v It implements navigation, guidance and control operations
of an aerospace vehicle.
v It receives information from ground control centers,
sensors, processes real-time data with computational
accuracy and sends desired control commands to
Actuation System
v 


where to go
v +)
 when to go
v how to go
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v On Board Computer is a Real-Time Embedded System.
v It is the central information processing system in the airborne
vehicle. It implements navigation, guidance and control
operations of an aerospace vehicle.
v It receives information from ground control centers, sensors,
processes real-time data with computational accuracy and sends
desired control commands to Actuation System.
v OBC is a Ruggedized system which can withstand harsh
environments, Climatic tests (-20°C and +50°C), Vibration,
Shock, Bump tests in extreme conditions.
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v On Board Computer (OBC)consists of 80486DX dual processor
i.e. it uses two 80486DX processors for meeting the high speed
processing requirements of large number of parameters.
v OBC communicates with the external world i.e. a PC in the Self-
Test procedure, through an 8274, Multi-Protocol Serial
Controller.
v ½
 does the task of high-speed serial data communication in
asynchronous mode .
v ½ 4 counter 0 is used for the Real-Time clock generation,
which is used for periodic monitoring of various system
parameters.
v ½ 44 is a Programmable Peripheral Interface, which is having
24 I/O pins are used for switch closing operations of the relays
connected.
v ½ 45, which is a Programmable Interrupt Controller, is used for
generating priority interrupts for the processor.
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v Testing of peripherals is of paramount importance in mission

critical hard real time embedded systems such as the on board
computer which drive sensitive units like an aerospace vehicle
or an automobile.
v Computer malfunction is considered one of the major cause for
most accidents involving aero planes , ballistic missiles or
space rockets.
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v On Board Computer plays a major role in the data acquisition
and processing functions of any aerospace vehicle.
v The Self-Test procedure developed is significant and helpful to
avoid the failure of any airborne mission critical systems.
v The GUI is very much useful in health monitoring of the
individual peripheral ICs via serial communication from the
host PC.
v The application sends the request and waits till the response
from the OBC is received.
v On Reception of the response a message will be displayed either
the device health is ³OK´ Or ³NOTOK´ in the ³Result/Device
Status´ edit box.
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