HIST ORY

ASSIGN MENT- II

Q. The pivotal role played by the French institute

Ecole des Beaux Arts towards the development of
architectural education in 18th century can hardly be
overstated.
Describe Ecoles institutional framework from
architectural education in the 19th century France and
its architectural impact all over the world ?

SUBMITTED TO :AR. DEEPSHIKA JINDAL

SUBMITTED BY:GEETANSH KOHLI
13025006008

THE ECOLE DES BEAUXARTS

The Academy of Beaux-Arts in France
decided that Classical architecture
should supersede Gothic architecture in
France during the 19th century

Designed to provide training for

students who had usually completed
secondary studies and passed an
entrance exam

THE ECOLE DES BEAUX-ARTS

Richard Morris Hunt (1827 1895)

The first American to attend
the Ecole Des Beaux-Arts
After his return to New York,
he established a practice that
prospered greatly until his
death
Major Structures:The Breakers, Newport
Biltmore, Asheville
Base of the Statue of
Liberty

The Breakers, Newport,

Rhode Island
Structure built for the Vanderbilt
family in Rhode Island

Biltmore, Asheville, North

Carolina
A hunting lodge built for the
Vanderbilts

Base of the Statue of Liberty

1880

CLASSIC REVIVAL
Neo-Classicism and Romanticism
encouraged revivals of many historic GOTHIC
styles
GREEK

BYZANTINE

ISLAMIC

KARL FRIEDRICH SCHINKEL

(1781 1841)
The most recognized figure in German
Neo-Classical style in the 19th century
Most famous structure is
The Altes Museum in Berlin

ALTES MUSEUM
Built in 1823 1828
Features
Long, rectangular plan
Central, colonnaded rotunda domed like the
Pantheon
A continuous, Ionic colonnade along the faade

SIR JOHN SOANE (1753 1837)

Leading architect of the 19th century NeoClassical movement in England
Considered a highly individual architect
whose work features Romantic qualities
Notable structure
13 Lincoln Inn Fields

13 Lincoln Inn Fields

John Soanes home
Is now a museum
Features
Diverse array of spaces and levels
Articulated wall planes
Reflected by multiple flat and
convex mirrors

BENJAMIN HARRY LATROBE

The United States first professional
architect
Commissioned by Thomas Jefferson
to continue work on the U.S. Capitol
Key structures
U.S. Capitol
Roman Catholic Cathedral,
Baltimore, MD

U.S. Capitol
Latrobe completed north and south wings
Introduced his own work for the American
style
Tobacco-leaf capitols in the rotunda of the
Senate Chamber
Corn-cob capitols in the north basement
vestibule

Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin

(1812 1852)
Leading Gothic revivalist in England
Was a convert to Catholicism
Regarded Gothic as an embodiment of
moral and religious values from the
past

The True Principles of Pointed or

Christian Architecture

Felt these traits were missing in the

present

Published in 1841
Enumerated Pugins ideals for Gothic
architecture
Regarded Gothic as the only correct
expression of the (Christian) faith, wants,

Richard Upjohn
The first American architect to follow
Pugins principles
First major commission was the Trinity
Church in New York City, NY

Trinity Church, New York City, NY

Designed for a growing and wealthy
congregation
Used Decorated Gothic for the church
Features
Extended chancel
Raised altar
Ceiling vaults constructed of plaster rather than
stone

19th Century Gothic Revival

The True Principles of Pointed or Christian
Architecture
Published in 1841
Enumerated Pugins ideals for Gothic architecture
Regarded Gothic as the only correct expression of the
(Christian) faith, wants, and climate