Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Objectives
Applicable Codes
Introduction to PSVs
Installation of PSVs
Set Point selection
Sizing for Gas Relief
Types of Gas Releases
Determining Loads, Governing Cases
API Fire Circle
Fire Case
Role of PSVs
Types of Discharges
Based on Exhaust
To Atmosphere directly
To Atmosphere via:
Based on phase
Vent Stack
Flare Stack (for combustible or hazardous effluents)
Installation of PSVs
Location
Pocket Elimination
Isolation Needs
Maintenance Needs
Tail Pipe over-pressuring limit @3% of MAWP
Safe discharge to Atmosphere
Rupture Disk
Sizing Formula
W
TZ
A is area of orifice required
A
CK d P1 K B K C M
W is required flow (lb/hr)
C is a coefficient
Kd is effective coefficient of discharge (0.62-0.975)
P1 is upstream relieving pressure (psia)
KB Back-pressure capacity correction factor (Kb=1)
KC is combination correction factor
T is the relieving temperature of Vapor (R)
k 1
Z is compressibility factor
2 k 1
Effective
Designati Orifice Area
on
(in)
D
0.11
E
0.196
F
0.307
G
0.503
H
0.785
J
1.287
K
1.838
L
2.853
M
3.6
N
4.34
P
6.38
Q
11.05
R
16
T
26
Example
Select the PSV size for a flow of 50,000 lb/hr of gas
having following properties set at 1000psia and 10%
overpressure allowed (conventional type psv).
M=20, k=1.3, T = 140F (600R), Z=0.85, Kd=0.975
Solution:
C = 347
P1 =1000 x 1.1=1100 psia
50000
600 0.85
A
0.678
347 1 1100 1 0.975
20
A= 0.678 in
Selected designation H (0.785in)
Rated flow = 0.785 / 0.678 x 50000 = 58,713 lb/hr
Flange Rating I/O: 600#RTJ x 150#RF
Size from API-526 (page-8): 2H3 or (2 x H x 3)
PCF
2
P1
k 1
k
k 1
Blocked Discharge
Vapour Blow-by
Fire
Thermal Relief
Governing Load:
From potential relief cases, the case with the largest
flow is taken as governing. PSVs can be single or
multiple to stagger relief load.