What is Heat Transfer?

Heat transfer is the movement of

heat energy from one substance to
another.

What is Heat Transfer?

Heat (energy) always moves from a
warmer substance to a cooler
substance.

Cold

Hot

What is Heat Transfer?

Heat will continue to move until both
substances are the same temperature.

Warm
Cold

Warm
Hot

What is Heat Transfer?

The greater the difference in
temperature between the substances,
the faster the heat will transfer.

What is Heat Transfer?

There are three types of heat
transfer:
Conduction
Convection
Radiation

Examples
You touch a black
car in the summer
and the heat from
the car transfers
into your hand.
A breeze makes
you feel cooler
because the wind
transfers heat away
from your body.

Anti-Examples
You feel the cold of
a winter day
because the cold
air transfers into
you.
Your Coke in a
cooler gets cold
because the cold
from the ice moves
into the Coke.

Conduction
Heat transfer by conduction is the
transfer of heat through direct
contact.

Conduction
Molecules transfer energy to the
molecules next to them.

Conduction
The molecules
do not have to
be the same
substance.

http://www.theelusivefish.com/articles/wp-content/uploads/2007/09/hot-stove.jpg

Example 1

http://www.vernier.com/caliper/fall07/images/heat_transfer_large.jpg

The metal conducts heat from the cup

of warm water to the cup of cool water.

Radiation
Heat transfer by radiation is the transfer
of heat through electromagnetic waves.

http://www.nmsu.edu/~safety/images/fire_meaney.gif

Radiation
There is no direct contact between the
substances.

Example 1

Heat from the sun radiates through

empty space to earth.

http://stardate.org/images/gallery/sun5.jpg

http://www.blog.thesietch.org/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/earth.jpg

Convection
Heat transfer by convection is the
transfer of heat through the fluid
(liquids and gases) movement of
currents.

Convection
Warm fluids rise, cool down, sink, and
then are warmed again.

http://www.eeb.ucla.edu/test/faculty/nezlin/Lecture1/Fig0803.jpg

The radiator warms the room by warming the

air around it. Then the warm air transfers heat
to the rest of the room through convection.

http://physics.uoregon.edu/~jimbrau/BrauImNew/Chap07/FG07_03.jpg

As air above the road warms up, it rises and is replaced by

cooler air, forming a convection current.

Conduction
Convection

Radiation

http://www.aos.wisc.edu/~aalopez/aos101/wk5/heatrans.jpg

This picture illustrates all three type of heat transfer.

Can you identify them all?

What is a Heat Pipe?

A heat pipe heat exchanger is a simple device which is

made use of to transfer heat from one location to another,

using an evaporation-condensation cycle.
Heat pipes are referred to as the "superconductors" of heat
due to their fast transfer capability with low heat loss.

Working Principle

The heat input region of the heat pipe is called evaporator, the
cooling region is called condenser.
In between the evaporator and condenser regions, there may be
an adiabatic region

WORKING FLUID
The prime requirements are:
compatibility with wick and wall material .
Good thermal stability.
vapor pressure not too high or low over

the operating temperature range .

high latent heat .
high thermal conductivity .
low liquid and vapor viscosities.
high surface tension.
acceptable freezing or pour point.

WICK OR CAPILLARY
STRUCTURE

It is a porous structure made of materials like

steel,aluminium, nickel or copper in various
ranges of pore sizes.
The prime purpose of the wick is to generate
capillary pressure to transport the working fluid
from the condenser to the evaporator.
It must also be able to distribute the liquid
around the evaporator section to any area where
heat is likely to be received by the heat pipe.

CONTINUED.
Wicks are fabricated using metal foams, and

more particularly felts, the latter being more

frequently used. By varying the pressure on
the felt during assembly, various pore sizes
can be produce.
The maximum capillary head generated by a
wick increases with decrease in pore size.
The wick permeability increases with
increasing pore size.

Types of Heat Pipes

Leading edge
Rotating and revolving
Flat Plate
Micro heat pipes

Advantages Of Heat
Pipes
May reduce or eliminate the need fir reheat.
Requires no mechanical or electrical input.
Are virtually maintenance free.
Provide lower operating costs.
Last a very long time.
Are environmentally safe.

Applications
LAPTOP HEAT PIPE SOLUTION

Heat pipes used in

processor

Space craft

HEAT PIPE IN CPU

Camera

Cooler Combined Heat pipe / water cooling

Jacket for hi-def CCD camera.