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CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT

AND ADMINISTRATION

CMA-Course Overview
Unit-I
Significance of CMA, objectives, functions, organization
principles, types
Unit-II
Construction planning, bar charts, CPM, PERT, network
problems.
Unit-III
Cost time analysis, schedule compressing,.
Unit-IV
Contracts, safety in construction, labor act, compensation act
.
Unit-V
Optimisation through LP, need for LP, graphical method, simplex
method.
Reference books
1. Construction planning and management by PS Gahlot, BM Dhir

Construction Management and


Administration: Unit-I
1. Significance of Construction Management
2. Objectives of Construction Management
3. Functions of Construction Management
4. Construction Management team
5. Principles of organization
6. Types of organization

2nd most consumed material in


the world?

concrete

Significance of Construction
Management
Under Developed to Developing country through major infraprojects such as multipurpose river valley projects, industrial
development projects, NHDP projects, Irrigation Canal projects,
Railway Projects, Port development projects etc.,
On an average about 50% of the total expenditure of our 5year
plans is invested in construction works
Construction is an everlasting activity across the globe
Every sector of our economy involves construction activities
Construction is a major economic activity in India (7% GDP) and
playing important role in the development of the country

Significance of Construction
Management
Construction industry Provides employment on large
scale (31.5million manpower in 2005)
If construction project schedules are not maintained,
the cost increases
Use of machine and equipments in construction
industry increases the quality of construction
The art of construction has slowly developed as a
science through ages. In our country, building
construction in rural and semi-urban areas is more or
less an art

Significance of Construction
Management
India is still developing country (scope for
construction)
The input of the labor, capital, machinery and
raw materials can never become production
without the catalyst of management
In order to ensure that the huge resources
invested in the construction industry are
deployed efficiently for the benefit of society it
needs construction management professionals

What is Management?
Act of getting people together to accomplish
desired goals andobjectivesusing available
resources Efficiently and Effectively

WHAT IS CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT?


Construction managementorconstruction
project management(CPM) is the overall
Planning, Coordination, and Control of a project
from Inception to Completion aimed at meeting
a clients requirements in order to produce a
functionally and financially viable project.

Projects and Operations


Projects

Operations

Unique

Ongoing

Temporary

Repetitive

Aim is to achieve the objectives


of the project and then to close
the project

Objective of operation is to
sustain the business

Future orientation

Present Orientation

Creation of new things

Maintenance of existing things

Best designed structure??


One which would collapse at the applied
loading such that this loading is safety
factor times the loading that is expected
on the structure and that when such a
failure occurs ALL THE COMPONENTS OF
THE STRUCTURE FAIL SIMULTANEOUSLY

Proper design,
Fabrication
Assembly of each component of structure

Objectives of Construction
Management
The main objectives of construction management are

1.Completing the work within estimated budget and


specified time

2.Evolving a reputation for high quality workman ship


3.Providing safe and satisfactory working conditions for
all personnel and workers

4.Taking sound decisions at the lowest practical


management level through delegation of authority

5.Motivating people to give of their best within their


capacities

6.Creating an organization that works as a team

Economy by the Engineer


1. By incorporating components/materials in the design
which are locally available
2. By avoiding special equipments not available in the
country
3. Using standard or similar sections (modular
coordination techniques)
4. By giving full details/specs and eliminating wrong parts
procurement
5. Having a trained and experienced supervisory staff
6. By providing all necessary documents to avoid delays

Questions please???

Functions of Construction
Management
The function of construction management are
1. Planning and scheduling
2. Organizing
3. Staffing
4. Directing
5. Controlling
6. Co-ordinating

Functions of Construction
Management
1. Planning and scheduling
Planning involves formulation of a number of
alternative realistic work plan for achieving
specified objectives and finally selecting a plan
which is best suited from the stand-point of
available resources and constraints imposed upon
the project. It essentially covers the aspects of
what to do and how to do it.
Scheduling is the fitting of the final work plan to a
time scale. It shows the duration and order of
various construction activities. It deals with the
aspect of when to do it.

Functions of Construction
Management
2. Organizing
Organizing is concerned with
Division of the total construction work into
manageable departments/sections
Systematically arranging various operations by
delegating specific tasks to individuals
The relationship between various personnel are
established
The organizational structure of the project is
depicted by a flow chart.

Organization chart of a QA/QC Dept.

Functions of construction
management
3. Staffing
Organising involves the division of project
work into sections and staffing is
provision of people to fill the positions so
created
Staffing functions include
1.
2.
3.

Recruiting the right people


Arranging staff training courses
Carryout proper staff assessment

Functions of construction
management
4. Directing
The directing function is concerned with training
subordinates to carryout assigned tasks,
supervising their work and guiding their efforts.
The essence of directing lies in the ability to
motivate people individually and as groups to
utilize their creative efforts in achieving specified
objectives

Functions of Construction
Management
5. Controlling
Controlling is necessary for ensuring effective and
efficient working
It involves a constant review of the work plan to check
on actual achievements and to discover and rectify
deviations through appropriate corrective measures.
The essentials in management control are

Actual performance measurement (Progress, quality, cost)


Comparison of actual and planned performance
Analysis of shortfall in performance, identification and
implementation of suitable remedial measures

Quick and accurate flow of information is a vital


aspect

Functions of Construction
Management
6. Co-ordinating
Since authority converges to the top of the organizational
pyramid, it is necessary to bring together and coordinate
the work of various departments and sections
It requires an efficient system of communication so that
each department and section is aware of its role and the
assistance to be expected from others
Regular meetings of departmental heads with top
management are fundamental to proper coordination
Plans, problems and remedies are discussed for
determining best solution

Resources for Construction Industry


1. Materials
Aggregate, Cement, Bitumen, Steel ..

2. Manpower
Unskilled, Skilled, Operators, Engineers, Managers .

3. Machinery
Mixing plants, Transit mixers, cranes, boom placers,

concrete pumps, rollers, pavers, graders.

4. Funds
ADB, World Bank, State/Central Govt., PSUs,

5. Space
Govt. land /private land

Types of Construction
Light Construction
Buildings and light structures
Residential houses, shopping centers, schools, water tanks,
culverts, small bridges

Heavy Construction
Heavy plant &Equipments used
Work scope will be large
Multi span bridges, tunnels, dams, barrages, highways,
railways, airports, harbors

Industrial construction
Special technology, plant & equipment used
Chemical & fertilizer plants, steel plants, petroleum refineries,
atomic /thermal power plants, automobile & Aircraft industry

Stages in Construction
1. Briefing stage
2. Designing/planning stage
3. Tendering stage
4. Construction stage
5. Commissioning stage

Try to identify profession of these


individuals..

Construction team
Owner
Individual or group of individuals, private or public undertaking
Ultimate authority with major decision making power
Controls resources
Approves changes if any in scope/schedule
Eg. PWD, NHAI, Indian Army,

Engineers and Architects


Civil, mechanical, electrical, Architects, specialists/consultants
Design, Supervision, Project management consultants

Contractor
With a team of planning engineers, site engineers, surveyors,
suppliers, subcontractors

Construction team

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