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Course Outline: Information technology

IT infrastructure, Computing Infrastructure-Hardware &


software, Networking Infrastructure, Cabling Infrastructure,
Wireless Infrastructure, Storage, Security Infrastructure,
Office tools, MS EXCEL, Data Management Tools, DBMS, MS
ACCESS
Programming Techniques-C Programming Basics
Web tools, Internet and Network Protocols, Business,
IT applications- Business System, Connected world and E
Commerce, Knowledge Management
and Intelligent
System, Decision Support System, ERP,
Latest Development

UNITIZATION
UNIT I & II:- Information technology, IT infrastructure,
Computing Infrastructure-Hardware & software, Networking
Infrastructure, Cabling Infrastructure, Wireless Infrastructure,
Storage, Security Infrastructure,
UNIT III: - Office tools, MS EXCEL Programming Techniques-C
Programming Basics,
UNIT IV:- Data Management Tools, DBMS, MS ACCESS, Web
tools, Internet and Network Protocols, E Business,
UNIT V:- IT applications- Business System, Connected world
and E Commerce, Knowledge Management and Intelligent
System, Decision Support System, ERP, Latest Development

Question Template(70)
UNIT-I
1. (a)..
(b)
2. (a)..
(b)
UNIT - II
3. (a)..
(b)
4. (a)..
(b)

7
7
7
7
7
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7

UNIT III
Office tools, MS EXCEL,
Programming Techniques-C
Programming Basics

Office tools
In the office, we rely on technology and tools
in order to work and communicate. Indeed, it
is hard to imagine modern offices without
technology. Having the right tools is key to
getting the job done. Office productively tools
are applications that allow for the viewing,
creating, and modifying of general office
documents,
for
example,
spreadsheets,
memos,
presentations,
letters,
personal
database, form generation, image editing etc.
Office
productivity
tools
also
include
applications for managing employee tasks.

Office tools (MS Office)


The most universal and ubiquitous
office tool is the Microsoft Office suite. It
allows the Non-technical individual to
create, edit, change, review, and
produce an extensive array
of
documents, from simple letters to quite
complex and lengthy reports, passing
through contracts and even marketing
materials.

Why Office tool in MBA?


The average MBA graduates and managers are
not just knowledge workers. They are capable
of
being
highly
networked
internal
entrepreneurs and innovators. They are in an
era of web office or virtual office. Web office
solutions are using this philosophical approach
to redefine how knowledge workers share
information. With blogs and enterprise Wikis,
knowledge workers will now have the ability to
efficiently communicate with a large audience.
Throughout web office, information will become
efficiently reusable.

Why Office tool in MBA?

Nearly everyone relies on Office tool


for something; you probably write
proposals in Word, give presentations
in PowerPoint, or gather data in Excel.
But for all the bells and whistles Office
has to offer, there are hundreds of addins that provide even better tools and
options, many of which will become
indispensable

Office Automation
Office automation refers to the varied computer
machinery and software used to digitally create,
collect, store, manipulate, and relay office
information needed for accomplishing basic tasks.
Advantages are:
Office
automation
can
get
many
tasks
accomplished faster.
It eliminates the need for a large staff.
Less storage is required to store data.
Multiple people can update data simultaneously in
the event of changes in schedule.

Office Productivity
Microsoft Corporation is one of the
worlds leading independent software
companies. MS is known as operating
systems. MS office suite has been around
more than a decade.
MS office suite components:
1. MS Word
2. MS Excel
3. MS PowerPoint
4. etc

MS Office Components

Microsoft Word provides everything


to
produce
professional-looking
documents,
communicate
your
ideas, and share information with
others.
Microsoft Excel makes it easy to build
spreadsheets and then use, share, and
analyze the data, as well as provide
reports and present the data graphically.

MS Office Components

Microsoft PowerPoint allows you to


organize, illustrate, and present your
ideas in a multimedia presentation. It
gives you the tools to communicate
with impact, whether in the classroom,
to parents, or to colleagues.
Microsoft Access lets you develop and
use databases to store, manipulate,
and share information

MS Excel
Excel is an Microsoft office application that is mainly used
for making calculations and mathematical works.
It is a spreadsheet application in which we can add
sheets as per our requirements. In a single sheet, it
consists of rows and columns and cells, where every cell
has different address.
Sum, product, subtraction, division and many
mathematical, logical functions are available within it.
Other features include tables, charts, clip art and more.
It is basically used for payroll, accounts, mathematical,
and for other business purposes.

MS Excel
Excel is an Microsoft office application that is mainly used
for making calculations and mathematical works.
It is a spreadsheet application in which we can add
sheets as per our requirements. In a single sheet, it
consists of rows and columns and cells, where every cell
has different address.
Sum, product, subtraction, division and many
mathematical, logical functions are available within it.
Other features include tables, charts, clip art and more.
It is basically used for payroll, accounts, mathematical,
and for other business purposes.

MS Excel
Excel is a spreadsheet, a grid made
from columns and rows. It is a software
program that can make number
manipulation easy and somewhat
painless.
The nice thing about using a computer
and spreadsheet is that you can
experiment with numbers without
having to RE-DO all the calculations

MS Excel Features
There are a number of features that are
available
in Excel to make your task easier. Some
of the main
features are:
1. AutoSum - helps you to add the
contents of a cluster of adjacent cells.
2. List AutoFill - automatically extends
cell formatting when a new item is
added to the end of a list.

MS Excel Features
3 AutoFill - feature allows you to quickly
fill cells with repetitive or sequential data
such as chronological dates or numbers,
and repeated text. AutoFill can also be
used to copy functions. You can also alter
text and numbers with this feature.
4 AutoShapes toolbar will allow you to
draw a number of geometrical shapes,
arrows, flowchart elements, stars and
more. With these shapes you can draw
your own graphs.

MS Excel Features
5. Wizard - guides you to work effectively while you
work by
displaying various helpful tips and techniques based on
what
you are doing.
Drag and Drop - feature will help you to reposition the
data
and text by simply dragging the data with the help of
mouse.
6. Charts - features will help you in presenting a
graphical
representation of your data in the form of Pie, Bar, Line
Charts and more.

MS Excel Features
7 PivotTable - flips and sums data in
seconds and allows you to perform data
analysis and generating reports like
periodic financial statements, statistical
reports, etc. You can also
analyze complex data relationships
graphically.
8 Shortcut Menus - commands that are
appropriate to the task that you are doing
appear by clicking the right mouse button.

MS Excel other Features


Hyperlink. We can link one file to another file or page.
Clip art. We can add images and also audio and video
clips.
Charts. With charts, we can clearly show a product(s)
evaluation to a client. For example, you can display a
chart showing which product is selling more or less by
month, week, and so forth.
Tables. Tables are created with different fields (e.g.
name, age, address, roll number, and so forth). You can
add a table to fill these values.
Functions. There are both mathematical functions
(add, subtract, divide, multiply), and logical ones
(average, sum, mod, product).

MS Excel other Features


Images and backgrounds. You can incorporate images and
backgrounds into each sheet.
Macros. Macros are used for recording events for future use.
Database: With the data feature, you can add any database
from other sources to it.
Sorting and filtering. We can sort and/or filter our data so
that anything redundant or repetitive can be removed more
easily.
Data validations. This tool can help you consolidate your data.
Grouping. The grouping feature helps you both to group your
data and ungroup it so that you have subtotals and so forth.
Page layout. Themes, colors, sheets, margins, size,
backgrounds, breaks, print, titles, sheets height, width, scaling,
grids, headings, views, bring to front of font or back alignment,
and many more are available for you to lay out your page.

Introduction to Excel
2007
Basics and Descriptive Statistics
ITM

In ITM, we will use Excel to:


1. Store and organize data,
2. Analyze data, and
3. Represent data graphically (e.g., in
bar graphs, histograms, and scatter
plots)

Excel Basics
Excel spreadsheets organize information (text
and numbers) by rows and columns:
This is a row.
Rows are
represented by
numbers along the
side of the sheet.
This is a column.
Columns are
represented by
letters across the
top of the sheet.

Excel Basics
A cell is the
intersection between a
column and a row.
Each cell is named for
the column letter and
row number that
intersect to make it.

Data Entry
There are two ways to enter information into a cell:

1. Type directly into


the cell.
Click on a cell, and type
in the data (numbers or
text) and press Enter.
2. Type into the
formula bar.
Click on a cell, and then
click in the formula bar
(the space next to the
). Now type the data
into the bar and press
Enter.

Data Entry
1. Open Excel (Start All Programs MS Office
Excel).
2. Enter the following information into your
spreadsheet:

Formulas and Functions


Formulas are equations that perform
calculations in your spreadsheet. Formulas
always begin with an equals sign (=). When
you enter an equals sign into a cell, you are
basically telling Excel to calculate this.
Functions are Excel-defined formulas. They
take data you select and enter, perform
calculations on them, and return value(s).

More on Functions
All functions have a common format the
equals sign followed by the function name
followed by the input in parentheses.
The input for a function can be either:
A set of numbers (e.g., =AVERAGE(2, 3, 4, 5))
This tells Excel to calculate the average of these
numbers.
A reference to cell(s) (e.g., =AVERAGE(B1:B18) or
=AVERAGE (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8)
This tells Excel to calculate the average of the data
that appear in all the cells from B1 to B8.
You can either type these cell references in by
hand or by clicking and dragging with your mouse
to select the cells.

Functions for Descriptive


Statistics

Below are several functions you will


need to learn for this class. Try them out
with the practice data set.
=AVERAGE(first cell:last cell): calculates the mean
=MEDIAN(first cell:last cell): calculates the median
=MODE(first cell:last cell): calculates the mode
=VARP(first cell:last cell): calculates the variance
=STDEVP(first cell:last cell): calculates the standard
deviation

You may directly write the functions for these


statistics into cells or the formula bar, OR
You may use the function wizard (
in the toolbar)

Functions for Descriptive


Statistics
Your Excel
spreadsheet
should now look
like this:

Part 2: Correlations and


Scatterplots

Correlations
A quick review:
Every correlation has a direction (positive
or negative):
+ correlation: high scores on one
variable are associated with high
scores on another variable.
- correlation: high scores on one
variable are associated with low scores
on the other variable.
Every correlation has a magnitude or
strength:
The closer the correlation coefficient is
to +1.00 or -1.00, the stronger it is.

Calculating Pearsons r
Correlations are described using the
Pearson Product-Moment correlation
statistic, or r value.
In Excel, there are many functions that can
calculate a correlation statistic, however,
we will only use =PEARSON in this class.
Lets say we want to determine if there is a
relationship between number of hours
spent per week studying for ITM and GPA
earned in the class at the end of the
quarter. To do so, we can calculate

Enter the following data into Excel:

StudyHrs = average number of hours spent per week


studying for ITM
GPA = grade-point average earned in ITM at the end of the

Step 1: Select the cell where you want


your r value to appear (you might
want to label it).
Step 2: Click on the function wizard
button.
Step 3: Search for and select PEARSON.

Step 4: For Array1, select all the values under


StudyHrs.
For Array2, select all the values under GPA.

Step 5: Thats it! Once you have your r


value, dont forget to round to 2 decimal
places.

Knowledge check: What does the r value of 0.88 tell


you about the strength and direction of the correlation
between StudyHrs and GPA?

Scatterplots
A scatterplot is an excellent way to
visually display the relationship
(correlation) between two variables.
Each point on the scatterplot
represents an individuals data on
the two variables.
We will now create a scatterplot for
StudyHrs and GPA.

Step 1: Select both columns of variables


you wish to plot (StudyHrs and GPA).
Step 2: Click on the tab labeled Insert,
and then select Scatter in the Charts
menu.

Step 3: Select the first plot in the drop-down


menu.

Step 4: Remove the legend by clicking on


it and pressing Delete.

Step 5: Add axis titles by selecting the Layout


tab and clicking on Axis Titles. For the
horizontal title, you want it below the x-axis.
For the vertical title, you want the Rotated
Title option.
NOTE: Your
chart must be
highlighted for
the Layout
tab to appear
under Chart
Tools.

A note about x- and y-axes:


For scatterplots, it does not matter which
variable goes on each axis (this is NOT true
for other types of charts).
However, you need to make sure you label
your axes with the proper variable name.
In this example, GPA is on the y-axis and
Study Hours is on the x-axis (we can tell
this based on their different ranges of
values).
As a helpful hint, Excel will automatically
put the first variable (left-hand column) on
the x-axis, and the second variable (righthand column) on the y-axis.

Step 6: Change the chart title by selecting it,


typing a new one, and pressing Enter. Chart
and axis titles may be altered by rightclicking on them.

Your scatterplot is now finished!

Remember: Each point in the scatterplot represents


an individuals data.
Knowledge check: Identify Student 8 in the

Describing Correlations and


Scatterplots

Scatter plots and correlations are described:

As positive or negative.
As weak, moderate, or strong.
Using the r value.
Sentence 1: There is a strong, positive correlation (r =
0.88) between the number of hours studied and GPA.

Then you want to describe the general


relationship between the two variables:

Sentence 2: More hours of studying for ITM was


associated with a higher GPA earned in the class at the
end of the semester.

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