Tài Liệu Plkdqt-ml280

NOI DUNG CHNG
TRNH
- CHNG 1: TONG QUAN VE PHAP LUAT
KINH DOANH QUOC TE
- CHNG 2: MOT SO VAN E PHAP LY
VE HP ONG MUA BAN HANG HOA
QUOC TE
- CHNG 3: MOT SO VAN E PHAP LY
VE HP ONG CHUYEN CH HANG
HOA XNK BANG NG BIEN
- CHNG 4: GIAI QUYET TRANH CHAP
TRONG KINH DOANH QUOC TE
GV: ThS. Nguyn Tin Hong
CHNG 1: TONG QUAN VE

PHAP LUAT KINH DOANH QUOC
TE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Tai lieu tham khao:

GS, TS Nguyen Th M (2009), Giao trnh Phap
luat trong hoat ong KTN, NXB Thong tin &
Truyen thong, Ha Noi;
GS, TS Nguyen Th M (2008), Giao trnh Phap
ly ai cng, NXB Giao duc, Ha Noi (Chng 4);
TS o Van ai (2006), T phap quoc te Viet
Nam, NXB HQG Tp.HCM;
Rene David (2003), Nhng he thong phap luat
chnh trong the gii ng ai, Nxb Tp.HCM.
Luat Thng mai Viet Nam 2005;
Cong c Vien 1980 cua Lien hp quoc ve
mua ban quoc te hang hoa.
I. KHAI NIEM CHUNG VE PHAP

LUAT KINH DOANH QUOC TE
1. nh ngha: la tap hp, he thong cac quy
pham phap luat ieu chnh nhng moi quan
he xa hoi phat sinh t hoac lien quan en
cac hoat ong KDQT.
2. ac iem:
2.1 Ve pham vi ieu chnh:
- Hoat ong KDQT rat a dang, oi hoi phai co
cac quy pham phap luat tng ng e ieu
chnh;
- Co nhieu chu the khac nhau tham gia vao
hoat ong KDQT;
- H la cong cu phap ly quan trong e thc
hien cac hoat ong KDQT.
GV: ThS Nguyn Tin Hong

2.2 Ve chu the:
- Chu the tham gia hoat ong KDQT rat
a dang, va co ac iem chung va
co ac iem rieng;
- Khi tham gia vao hoat ong KDQT, chu
the chu s tac ong cua TPQT & LQG;
- Luat phap cua hau het cac nc
eu co quy nh ve thng nhan va
cac cong ty TM vi t cach la chu
the tham gia vao hoat ong KDQT.

2.3 Ve nguon luat:

- QT ieu chnh hoat ong
KDQT;
- Luat quoc gia (VB luat va di
luat);
- TQTMQT;
- Hp ong mau.
II. NHNG NGUYEN TAC C BAN

CUA
PHAP LUAT TRONG HOAT ONG
KDQT
Nhng nguyen tac phap ly quoc te do
TPQT quy nh:
Tha nhan, ton trong s ton tai va hieu lc cua
he thong PLQT ben canh he thong PLQG;
Tha nhan, ton trong the che chnh tr, cac trat
t kinh te, c che ieu hanh va quan ly kinh te,
cac hnh thc s hu do phap luat moi nc quy
nh;
Bnh ang ve mat phap ly, canh tranh hp phap
va cong bang gia cac chu the (trong va ngoai
nc) khi tham gia vao cac hoat ong KTN.
2. Nhng nguyen tac do PLQG quy nh: khong
hoan toan giong nhau va c quy nh cu the
trong cac chng tiep theo.
1.
III. MOT SO HE THONG PHAP

LUAT
C BAN TREN THE GII
- He thong phap luat Chau Au luc

a (Civil Law);
- He thong phap luat Anh My
(Common Law);
- He thong phap luat hoi giao
(Islamic Law);
- He thong phap luat xa hoi chu
ngha (Socialist Law).
CHNG 2: MOT SO VAN E

PHAP LY VE H MUA BAN
HANG HOA QUOC TE
Tai lieu tham khao:

GS, TS Nguyen Th M (2009), Giao trnh
Phap luat trong hoat ong KTN, NXB
Thong tin & Truyen thong, Ha Noi.
Luat thng mai Viet Nam 2005.
Ngh nh so 12/2006/N-CP.
Cong c Vien 1980 cua Lien hp
quoc ve mua ban quoc te hang hoa.
Incoterms 2010 va hng dan s dung.
I. KHAI QUAT CHUNG VE

HMBHHQT
1.
Khai niem:
- Ten goi: con c goi la H XNK, HMBHH vi
thng nhan nc ngoai, HMBNT,
- nh ngha: la HMB co yeu to quoc te, theo
o mot ben la NB co ngha vu chuyen vao
quyen s hu cho ben kia, la NM, mot tai san
nhat nh goi la hang hoa oi tng cua H,
con NM co ngha vu nhan hang va tra mot so
tien ngang bang tr gia cua hang.
2.
ac iem:
2.1 ac iem cua HMB thong thng: HMBHHQT
co ay u cac ac iem cua mot HMB
thong thng: chu the, noi dung, phap ly.

HMBHHQT
2.2 Co yeu to quoc te: tao ra nhng iem khac
biet cua HMBHHQT so vi cac HMB thong
thng.
- Chu the cua H:
+ Quan iem 1: chu the cua H la cac ben co
quoc tch khac nhau (LTM 1997, ieu kien chung giao
hang SEV cua cac nc XHCN).
+ Quan iem 2: chu the cua H la cac ben co
tru s TM at tai cac nc khac nhau, neu cac
ben khong co tru s TM th se da vao ni c tru
(Cong c Lahaye 1964 ve MBQT nhng ong san
hu hnh, Cong c Vien 1980 cua Lien hp quoc
ve MBQTHH).
oi vi thc tien TMQT hien nay, quan iem 2 la
phu hp hn.
10

HMBHHQT
oi tng cua H: co the c di
chuyen qua bien gii cua mot nc.
- ong tien thanh toan trong H: co
the la ngoai te oi vi mot trong
hai ben.
- Nguon luat ieu chnh H: rat a
dang va phc tap.
- C quan giai quyet tranh chap: a
dang va phc tap (toa an, trong
tai).
-
11
II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

HMBHHQT
1.
Cac QT ve TM
1.1 nh ngha: la nhng van kien phap ly
quoc te do cac chu the cua luat quoc te
tham gia ky ket nham ieu chnh cac quan
he TM phat sinh gia cac chu the o.
1.2 ieu kien e QT tr thanh nguon luat
ieu chnh HMBHHQT:
- Phai c ky ket tren c s bnh ang va t
nguyen gia cac ben;
- Khong c trai vi nhng nguyen tac c
ban cua luat phap quoc te;
- Phai co noi dung trc tiep lien quan en quan
he TM phat sinh gia cac chu the ky ket H.
12

HMBHHQT
1.3 Phan loai cac QT ve TM:

Da vao noi dung cua cac QT ve
TM, co 2 loai:
- Cac QT ch e ra cac nguyen tac
phap ly chung la c s cho hoat
ong ngoai thng;
- Cac QT trc tiep ieu chnh cac
van e lien quan en quyen han,
ngha vu va trach nhiem cua cac
ben trong viec ky ket va thc hien
HMBHHQT
13

HMBHHQT
1.4 Cac trng hp ap dung QT ve

TM:
- Khi cac quoc gia co tham gia ky ket
hoac tha nhan QT. Trong trng
hp nay, QT co gia tr bat buoc
oi vi cac HMBHHQT co lien
quan.
- Khi trong HMBHHQT cac ben a
thoa thuan, thong nhat va ghi ro
vao H la ap dung QT lam
nguon luat ieu chnh.
14

HMBHHQT
1.5 Cach ap dung cac QT ve TM:
- Tm hieu tnh chat phap ly cua cac quy pham
phap luat trong QT: quy pham co tnh chat
menh lenh, quy pham co tnh chat tuy y.
- Trng hp QT c ap dung cho H co quy
nh khac vi phap luat Viet Nam:
+ Neu Viet Nam a tham gia ky ket hoac phe
chuan QT: khong ap dung nhng quy nh nao
khac vi phap luat Viet Nam neu co bao lu,
phai ap dung neu khong co bao lu;
+ Neu Viet Nam khong tham gia ky ket va cha
phe chuan: phai ap dung.
- Phai da vao noi dung cua QT (tac ong trc
tiep hay gian tiep ti H) e ap dung phu hp.
15

HMBHHQT
2. Luat quoc gia: la luat nc ngoai oi
vi t nhat la mot trong hai ben.
2.1 Cac trng hp ap dung:
- Khi trong H cac ben ky ket co quy nh;
- Cac ben thoa thuan la chon luat ap
dung sau khi HMBHHQT a c ky ket;
- Khi cac QT hu quan co quy nh;
- Thoa thuan mac nhien hay thoa thuan
bang hanh vi;
- Khi toa an hoac trong tai co tham quyen
giai quyet cac tranh chap phat sinh t H
c quyen la chon.
16

HMBHHQT
2.2 Cach ap dung:
- Neu he thong luat cua nc c chon
co cac luat chuyen nganh ieu chnh
HMBHHQT th ap dung luat o;
khong co luat chuyen nganh ve
HMBHHQT th ap dung luat lien quan
trc tiep en HMBHHQT;
khong co 2 trng hp neu tren th ap
dung cac nguyen ly chung ve H trong
BLDS.
17

HMBHHQT
3.
Tap quan TM quoc te
3.1 nh ngha: la nhng thoi quen ve hanh vi va
cach x s c hnh thanh mot cach t nhien
trong TMQT nhng c tha nhan nh cac quy
pham phap luat.
Thoi quen TM c cong nhan va tr thanh
TQTMQT khi thoa man 3 yeu cau sau:
- La thoi quen pho bien, c nhieu nc ap
dung va ap dung thng xuyen;
- Ve tng van e va tng a phng, o la
thoi quen duy nhat;
- La thoi quen co noi dung ro rang ma co the
da vao o e xac nh quyen va ngha vu
oi vi nhau.
18

HMBHHQT
3.2 Phan loai:

- Da vao noi dung cua tap quan, co 2
loai:
+ Cac TQTMQT mang tnh chat nguyen
tac;
+ Cac TQTMQT mang tnh chat cu the.
- Da vao pham vi ap dung cua tap
quan, co 2 loai:
+ Cac TQTMQT chung;
+ Cac TQTM khu vc (hay a phng).
19

HMBHHQT
3.3 Cac trng hp ap dung:

- Khi cac QT hu quan co quy nh,
trong trng hp nay TQTMQT ng
nhien c ap dung;
- Khi HMBHHQT c cac ben ky ket
co quy nh;
- Khi H, LQG do cac ben thoa thuan
la chon va cac QT co lien quan
khong co quy nh hoac co nhng
khong ay u ve van e tranh
chap va can c ieu chnh.
20

HMBHHQT
3.4 Cach ap dung:
- Trong H phai ghi ro la ap dung tap quan nao.
- oi vi Incoterms:
+ Incoterms khong co gia tr bat buoc;
+ Cac ban Incoterms cung song song ton tai va
ban sau khong phu nhan noi dung cua cac ban
trc;
+ Cac ben hoan toan co the thoa thuan vi
nhau e thay oi mot so noi dung cu the trong
cac ieu kien;
+ Incoterms giai quyet 04 van e: thi iem di
chuyen rui ro, ben co ngha vu lam thu tuc
thong quan, ben co ngha vu mua bao hiem, ben
co ngha vu thue tau.
21

HMBHHQT
Ve mat gia tr phap ly, cac

TQTMQT ch bo sung cho H nhng
phan H cha quy nh va khong co
gia tr cao hn nhng g H a quy
nh.
- Khi ap dung cac TQTMQT phai ket
hp vi cac nguon luat khac,
khong nen ap dung tap quan mot
cach rieng le.
-
22
III. KY KET HMBHHQT

1.
ieu kien hieu lc cua H
1.1 Chu the cua H phai hp phap:
- Ben nc ngoai: da vao luat cua nc ma
ho mang quoc tch.
- Ben Viet Nam: da vao luat Viet Nam.
- Chu y:
+ Cac DN c t do XNK theo kha nang ma
khong phai co giay phep XNK, tr nhng
mat hang thuoc danh muc cam XNK hoac XNK
co ieu kien.
+ Neu chu the cua HMBHHQT la phap nhan
th ngi co tham quyen ky ket la ngi ai
dien hp phap cua phap nhan o.
23
III. KY KET HMBHHQT

1.2 Hnh thc cua H phai hp phap:
- Theo quy nh cua Viet Nam: ieu 27, Khoan 2,
LTM 2005.
- Luat cac nc TBCN va Cong c Vien 1980:
HMB co the c giao ket di moi hnh thc
(van ban va phi van ban).
1.3 Noi dung cua H phai hp phap:
- H phai co u cac ieu khoan chu yeu;
- Tat ca cac ieu khoan a vao trong H eu
phai hp phap.
1.4 oi tng hp ong phai hp phap: hang
hoa khong thuoc danh muc cam XNK, tam
ngng XNK.
24
III. KY KET HMBHHQT

2.
Thu tuc ky ket H
2.1 Tham quyen ky ket:
- oi vi ca nhan, DNTN: ca nhan, chu DN.
- oi vi phap nhan: ngi ai dien theo quy
nh cua phap luat hoac ngi c uy quyen.
2.2 Trnh t ky ket:
2.2.1 Phng thc trc tiep: la cach thc ky ket
ma theo o cac ben trc tiep gap nhau, am
phan va cung ky vao mot H bang van ban.
2.2.2 Phng thc gian tiep (qua th t, ien tn,):
la cach thc ky ket ma theo o cac ben gi
cho nhau tai lieu giao dch (telex, fax, ien bao,)
cha ng noi dung cua cong viec giao dch.
25
III. KY KET HMBHHQT

Phng thc ky ket gian tiep co 02 giai oan:
- Giai oan chao hang (e ngh giao ket H):
+ nh ngha: ieu 390, Khoan 1, BLDS 2005.
+ Co 02 loai chao hang: chao hang t do & chao hang co
nh (phai co u cac ieu kien hieu lc: ieu khoan chu
yeu theo quy nh, thi han hieu lc, c gi ti ngi
c chao va ngi chao hang khong huy hay thu hoi n
chao).
- Giai oan chap nhan chao hang (chap nhan e ngh giao
ket H):
+ nh ngha: ieu 396, BLDS 2005.
+ ieu kien hieu lc cua chap nhan chao hang: ngi
c chao hang phai chap nhan vo ieu kien nhng noi
dung c ban cua n chao (ieu 19, Cong c Vien 1980),
hanh vi chap nhan phai c thc hien trong thi han quy
nh, chap nhan phai c gi ti ngi chao va ngi
c chao hang khong rut lai chap nhan o.
26
III. KY KET HMBHHQT

3. Cac van e phap ly khi quy nh va
thc hien mot so ieu khoan trong H
3.1 Ten va a ch cac ben: co ay u
gia tr phap ly do c quan co tham quyen
xac nhan va c ghi trong giay phep
thanh lap hoac GCNKKD.
3.2 Ten hang: phai am bao s thong nhat
gia cac chng t, tai lieu khac nhau
(chao hang, chap nhan chao hang, B/L,)
v mot mat hang co the co rat nhieu
ten goi khac nhau.
27
III. KY KET HMBHHQT

3.3 So lng hang hoa:
- Ty le mien tr;
- Dung sai;
- n v tnh so lng.
3.4 Pham chat hang hoa
3.4.1 Cach xac nh chat lng hang hoa:
- Da vao mau hang;
- Da vao tieu chuan hoac pham cap hang hoa;
- Da vao tai lieu ky thuat;
- Da vao ham lng cac chat chu yeu trong
hang hoa.
28
II. KY KET HMBHHQT

3.4.2 Kiem tra pham chat cua hang hoa va
GCNKTPC
3.4.2.1 Kiem tra pham chat cua hang hoa
- Kiem tra/giam nh pham chat co bat buoc
khong?
- C quan kiem tra/giam nh pham chat?
- Thi gian, a iem kiem tra/giam nh pham
chat?
- Phng phap, tieu chuan kiem tra/giam nh?
3.4.2.2 Gia tr cua GCNKTPC
- Co gia tr rang buoc tuyet oi.
- Co tnh quyet nh (cuoi cung, chung tham).
- Khong co tnh quyet nh.
29
III. KY KET HMBHHQT

3.5 Gia ca va phng thc thanh toan:
- Quy nh ieu khoan bao lu ve gia ca trong H.
- ong tien tnh gia: ong tien thanh toan va
ong tien tnh gia co the trung nhau hoac
khong trung nhau.
- Phng phap tnh gia:
+ Gia co nh: ap dung cho cac H co thi han
ngan.
+ Gia di ong: ap dung cho cac H dai han.
- ieu kien giam gia.
- ieu kien c s cua gia: FOB, FCA, CIF, CIP,
- Phng thc thanh toan: L/C, nh thu, T/T, M/T, ghi
so,
30
III. KY KET HMBHHQT

3.6 Thi han, a iem giao hang
3.6.1 Thi han:
- La mot ngay cu the hoac mot khoang
thi gian nhat nh theo thang, quy, nam.
- S la chon cua ngi ban va ngi mua.
3.6.2 a iem:
- Can quy nh a iem cu the trong H.
- Neu khong thoa thuan ve a iem giao
hang th da vao luat ap dung cho H:
ieu 35, LTM 2005.
31
IV. CHAP HANH HMBHHQT

1.Nguyen tac chap hanh:
- Chap hanh hien thc;
- Chap hanh ung, ay u moi cam ket;
- Chap hanh tren tinh than hp tac va ton trong li
ch cua nhau.
2. Trach nhiem do vi pham H:
2.1 Cac can c cau thanh trach nhiem:
- Co hanh vi vi pham H cua thu trai;
- Co thiet hai ve tai san cua trai chu;
- Co moi quan he nhan qua gia hanh vi vi pham H
cua thu trai vi thiet hai ma trai chu phai ganh
chu;
- Co loi cua thu trai.
32

2.2 Cac can c mien trach cua thu trai:
- Loi cua trai chu.
- Loi cua ngi th ba ma ngi th ba
c mien trach.
- Gap trng hp bat ng.
- Gap bat kha khang.
+ Phan biet gia trng hp bat ng va
bat kha khang.
+ ieu kien e cong nhan la bat kha
khang.
+ ieu kien e thu trai c mien trach
khi gap bat kha khang.
33

2.3 Che o trach nhiem do vi pham H:
- Che tai phat: ieu 300, LTM 2005.
+ ieu kien ap dung: khong phu thuoc vao
viec co thiet hai thc te xay ra hay khong.
+ Phan loai: phat boi c & phat vi c
(phat va).
- Che tai boi thng thiet hai: ieu 302,
Khoan 1, LTM 2005.
+ ieu kien thc hien: co u cac can c
cau thanh trach nhiem.
+ Nguyen tac boi thng: ieu 302, Khoan
2, LTM 2005.
34

- Che tai thc hien thc s (buoc thc
hien ung ngha vu H): ieu 297,

Khoan 1, LTM 2005.
- Che tai tam ngng thc hien hp
ong: ieu 308, LTM 2005.
Hau qua phap ly: ieu 309, LTM 2005.
- Che tai nh ch thc hien H: ieu
310, LTM 2005.
Hau qua phap ly: ieu 311, LTM 2005.
35

- Che tai huy H: la che tai nang nhat va thng
c ap dung khi khong the thc hien cac che tai

khac.
+ Huy bo H bao gom huy bo toan bo va huy
bo mot phan.
+ Cac trng hp ap dung: ieu 312, LTM 2005
+ Hau qua cua viec huy H: cham dt quan he H
gia cac ben va cac ben c giai thoat khoi
ngha vu cua H; mot ben co quyen oi lai nhng
phan a thc hien trong trng hp a thc hien
mot phan H; ben vi pham dan en huy H phai b
phat va phai boi thng thiet hai neu co loi.
- Lu y khai niem vi pham c ban ngha vu H: ieu
25, Cong c Vien 1980; ieu 3, khoan 13 LTM 2005.
36
CHNG 3: MOT SO VAN E

PHAP LY VE H CHUYEN
CH HANG HOA XNK BANG
NG BIEN
Tai lieu tham khao:

GS, TS Nguyen Th M (2009), Giao
trnh Phap luat trong hoat ong KTN,
NXB Thong tin & Truyen thong, Ha
Noi.
Bo luat hang hai Viet Nam 2005.
Cong c Brussel 1924.
Ngh nh th 1968.
Cong c Hamburg 1978.
37
I. H THUE TAU CHUYEN

1. Khai niem chung
1.1 nh ngha: la mot s thoa thuan, theo
o ngi chuyen ch co ngha vu danh
ca hoac mot phan chiec tau e ch
hang t cang nay en cang khac va
ngi thue ch co ngha vu tra tien
cc thue ch.
1.2 am pham ky ket H:
- H mau: GENCON, SCANCON, CENTROCON,
CUBASUGAR, POLCON, CEMENCON, BENACON,
38

- Chu y nhng ieu khoan chnh:
+ Chu the cua H;
+ Chiec tau;
+ Thi gian tau en cang boc hang;
+ Hang hoa;
+ Cang boc, cang d hang;
+ Thi gian boc d hang;
+ Thng phat boc d;
+ Chi ph boc d, san xep hang;
+ Cc ph;
+ Trach nhiem cua ngi chuyen ch oi
vi hang hoa.
39

1.3 Cach thc van dung
1.3.1 Khi NB thue tau (ieu kien giao hang
nhom C):
- Moi quan he gia H thue tau va
HMBHHQT: phu thuoc & oc lap .
- Thc hien H: da vao B/L tai cang en.
1.3.2 Khi NM thue tau (ieu kien giao hang
nhom F):
- NM can c vao HMBHHQT e thoa thuan
va ky ket H chuyen ch.
- Thc hien H: da vao H chuyen ch tai
cang en.
40

2. Nguon luat ieu chnh
2.1 LQG
- Cac trng hp ap dung:
+ Khi cac ben thoa thuan va ghi ro vao trong
H.
+ Khi toa an hoac trong tai xet x la chon.
- Nguyen tac u tien trong la chon luat ap
dung: luat nc ngi chuyen ch, luat nc
ngi thue ch, luat c tau.
- Cach ap dung: ap dung luat chuyen biet,
neu khong th ap dung van ban luat lien
quan.
2.2 TQHHQT: tng t II.3 cua chng II.
41

3.
Ngha vu c ban cua cac ben
3.1 Ngha vu cua ngi chuyen ch:
- Cung cap tau theo ung nh H quy nh: u kha
nang i bien, ung con tau a thoa thuan, ung
trong tai, ung thi gian & a iem;
- Boc hang len tau va san xep hang trong ham,
khoang tau: ngha vu khong ng nhien;
- Cung cap B/L cho ngi gi hang;
- Bao am hanh trnh cua tau: i chech ng hp
ly & i chech ng khong hp ly;
- Bao quan, cham soc hang hoa trong hanh trnh:
ngha vu ng nhien;
- D hang ra khoi tau va giao hang cho ngi
nhan.
42

3.2 Ngha vu cua ngi thue ch:
- Cung cap hang hoa: ung ten hang,
ung chung loai a thoa thuan; u
so lng, trong lng; ung thi gian.
- Boc d, san xep hang: ngha vu
khong ng nhien.
- Thanh toan tien cc: ung so tien
phai tra, ong tien thanh toan,
phng thc thanh toan, thi gian va
a iem thanh toan.
43

4. Tau ch hang huy bo hanh trnh
va ngha vu cua cac ben lien quan
4.1 nh ngha: la viec tau ch hang ang
i tren bien khong may gap s co, hoac
tai nan, sau o khong a hang en
cang ch ma tuyen bo huy bo hanh
trnh cang doc ng (cang lanh nan).
4.2 ieu kien e tau huy bo hanh trnh:
c quy nh trong hp ong, trong luat
ve chuyen ch hang hoa bang ng
bien (ieu 115, BLHH 2005).
44

4.3 Ngha vu cua cac ben lien quan:
- Ngi chuyen ch:
+ Ap dung bien phap can thiet va hp ly e
bao ve tau va hang;
+ Neu tau co the sa cha c th phai sa
cha e tiep tuc a hang en cang ch;
+ Neu tau khong the tiep tuc hanh trnh c va
chon phng an huy bo hanh trnh th thong bao
ngay cho chu hang;
+ Cham soc hang ch y kien cua chu hang.
- Chu hang:
+ Thong bao ngay cho ngi bao hiem biet;
+ Quyet nh viec x ly hang tai cang lanh nan.
45

4.4 Hau qua cua viec tau huy bo hanh trnh
- oi vi ngi chuyen ch: HCC cham dt va
ngi chuyen ch khong con ngha vu chuyen ch
hang en cang ch (chu y 2 trng hp freight
collect & freight prepaid).
- oi vi chu hang: trc khi oi cong ty bao hiem
boi thng th chu hang phai ng tien ra tra cac
loai chi ph.
- oi vi cong ty bao hiem: thong thng cong ty
bao hiem phai boi thng cho chu hang tat ca
cac chi ph phat sinh cho tai nan, s co nay, ke ca
cac chi ph do viec tau huy bo hanh trnh gay ra.
Cong ty bao hiem la ngi ganh chu hau qua
nang ne nhat cua viec tau huy bo hanh trnh.
46
II. H THUE TAU CH

1. nh ngha: la mot s thoa thuan, theo
o ngi chuyen ch gianh mot phan
chiec tau ch e ch hang cua ngi
thue ch t cang nay en cang khac,
con ngi thue ch phai tra tien cc.
B/L c cap trong trng hp nay co 3 chc
nang:
- La bang chng cua HCC hang hoa bang
tau ch;
- La bien lai nhan hang cua ngi chuyen
ch;
- La chng t xac nhan quyen s hu
hang hoa ghi trong B/L.
47
II. H THUE TAU CH

2.
Nguon luat ieu chnh
2.1 QT:
- Cong c Brucxen 1924 (Quy tac Hague): la
Cong c quoc te e thong nhat mot so
quy tac ve van n ng bien (The International
Convention for the Unification of certain rules relating
to Bills of lading).
+ Noi dung: noi dung cua B/L, ngha vu va trach
nhiem cua ngi chuyen ch, cac can c
mien trach nhiem cho ngi chuyen ch, ngha
vu thong bao ton that hang hoa cua ngi
nhan hang, gii han trach nhiem boi thng
cua ngi chuyen ch,
+ Pham vi ap dung: ieu 1 Cong c.
48
II. H THUE TAU CH

- Ngh nh th 1968 (Quy tac Visby) la Ngh nh th
sa oi Cong c quoc te e thong nhat mot
so quy tac ve van n ng bien (The Protocol to
amend the International Convention for the Unification of
certain rules relating to Bills of lading): sa oi, bo
sung mot so ieu khoan cua Cong c Brucxen
1924 nh gii han trach nhiem boi thng cua
ngi chuyen ch,
- Cong c Hamburg 1978 (Quy tac Hamburg) la
Cong c Lien hp quoc ve chuyen ch hang
hoa bang ng bien (The United Nations Convention
on the carriage of goods by sea): khai niem hang
hoa c m rong hn, trach nhiem cua ngi
chuyen ch c quy nh tang len, can c mien
trach nhiem cho ngi chuyen ch giam i,
49
II. H THUE TAU CH

2.2 LQG:
- Ch ap dung nhng nganh luat co lien
quan, tc la luat chuyen nganh (BLHH Viet
Nam 2005, Luat chuyen ch hang hoa
bang ng bien 1924 cua Anh, Luat
chuyen ch hang hoa bang ng bien
1999 cua My,).
- Mac du nhieu ieu khoan trong cac QT
a c a vao luat chuyen ch hang
hoa bang ng bien cua cac nc nhng
nhieu nc van co nhng quy nh khac
biet trong luat cua mnh.
2.3 TQHHQT: tng t II.3 cua chng II.
50
II. H THUE TAU CH

3. Ngha vu c ban cua cac ben
3.1 Ngha vu cua ngi chuyen ch:
- oi vi tau: ieu 3 Cong c Brucxen 1924, ieu 75 BLHH
2005.
- oi vi hang: ieu 3 Cong c Brucxen 1924.
- oi vi van n: sau khi hang a c xep xuong tau,
ngi chuyen ch cap cho ngi gi hang mot bo van
n hoan hao a boc hang len tau (Clean on Board B/L).
3.2 Ngha vu cua ngi thue ch:
- Cung cap hang hoa: nh a ghi trong n lu khoang (booking
note) e boc hang xuong tau (c ong trong bao b hp
cach, ung thi gian va a iem a thoa thuan, ghi ky
ma hieu ro rang va khai bao tnh chat cua hang).
- Thanh toan tien cc: ay u, ung thi gian, a iem
va bang ong tien do hai ben thoa thuan (freight prepaid &
freight payable at destination).
51
II. H THUE TAU CH

4.Trach nhiem cua ngi chuyen ch oi vi hang
hoa
4.1Pham vi trach nhiem: khong c quy nh thong nhat
trong luat chuyen ch hang hoa bang ng bien cua
cac nc va cac QT (ieu 2 va khoan 2 ieu 3 Cong
c Brucxen 1924, ieu 4 Cong c Hamburg 1978, ieu 74
Khoan 1 BLHH 2005).
4.2Gii han trach nhiem boi thng: khong c quy nh
thong nhat trong luat chuyen ch hang hoa bang ng
bien cua cac nc va cac QT (ieu 4 Cong c
Brucxen 1924, ieu 2 Ngh nh th 1968, ieu 2 Ngh nh
th 1979, ieu 6 Cong c Hamburg 1978).
4.3Can c mien trach nhiem:
- Cong c Brucxen 1924: ngi chuyen ch c mien
trach nhiem trong 17 trng hp (ieu 4).
- Cong c Hamburg 1978: pham vi mien trach nhiem cua
ngi chuyen ch b han che (ieu 5).
52
CHNG 4: GIAI QUYET TRANH

CHAP TRONG KINH DOANH
QUOC TE
Tai lieu tham khao:

GS, TS Nguyen Th M (2009), Giao
trnh Phap luat trong hoat ong KTN,
NXB Thong tin & Truyen thong, Ha
Noi.
Luat Thng mai Viet Nam 2005.
Bo luat To tung dan s Viet Nam
2004.
Luat Trong tai thng mai 2010.
Ngh nh 63/2011/N-CP.
53
I. KHIEU NAI
1.
Khai quat chung
1.1 nh ngha va y ngha:
1.1.1 nh ngha: la phng phap giai quyet tranh
chap phat sinh gia cac ben lien quan bang con
ng thng lng trc tiep nham mang lai hau
qua phap ly la thoa man hoac khong thoa
man yeu cau cua ben khieu nai.
1.1.2 Y ngha:
- Kp thi bao ve quyen li cho ngi co li ch b
xam pham;
- La c s e toa an hoac trong tai chap nhan
n kien va xet x;
- anh gia c uy tn cua oi phng.
54
I. KHIEU NAI
1.2 u iem va nhc iem:
1.2.1 u iem:
- Ket qua giai quyet tranh chap nhanh chong hn,
tiet kiem c thi gian hn so vi i kien;
- Giup cac ben tiet kiem chi ph, nang cao hieu
qua;
- Giup cac ben co phng an giai quyet chnh xac;
- Giup cac ben tiep tuc duy tr va phat trien c
quan he ban hang.
1.2.2 Nhc iem:
- Phu thuoc vao thien ch cua cac ben;
- Ket qua khong rang buoc cac ben va khong
c phap luat am bao thi hanh.
55
I. KHIEU NAI
1.3 Cac yeu cau c ban can am
bao khi khieu nai:
- Phai xac nh ung ben b khieu
nai: NB, ngi chuyen ch, NM,
ngi bao hiem,
- Phai am bao thi han khieu nai.
- Phai co u ho s khieu nai: n
khieu nai & cac chng t kem theo
lam bang chng.
- Phai co nghe thuat khieu nai.
56
II. HOA GIAI

1.
nh ngha: la phng phap giai quyet tranh
chap gia cac ben ng s thong qua ngi th
ba goi la hoa giai vien.
2.
Thu tuc tien hanh hoa giai
2.1 e xuat hoa giai: ben nao cung co quyen
e ngh.
2.2 Qua trnh hoa giai:
- Hoa giai vien hop rieng va chung vi cac ben.
- Qua trnh hoa giai se ket thuc vao thi iem:
+ Cac ben a thong nhat xong giai phap.
+ Hoa giai vien thong bao khong the tiep tuc.
+ Cac ben thong bao la ho rut lui.
- Van ban hoa giai c lap va cac ben ky vao.
57
III. I KIEN
1.
Yeu cau chung
- Xem xet kha nang kien ra toa an hay trong tai;
- Tuan thu thu tuc xet x cua c quan xet x;
- Bao am vu viec con trong thi hieu khi
kien;
- Cac lap luan a ra phai c chuan b ky
lng va nhat quan ngay t au;
- Am hieu to chc cua c quan xet x co tham
quyen;
- Ho s phai ay u, ro rang va am bao tnh
trung thc, chnh xac (gom n kien va cac
chng t kem theo lam bang chng).
58
III. I KIEN
2.
Kien trc toa an
2.1 ac iem chung:
- La mot c quan xet x do Nha nc lap ra nen
phai tuan theo nhng nguyen tac xet x nhat
nh c quy nh trong luat to tung.
- Cac nguyen tac xet x: bnh ang gia cac
ben ng s, xet x oc lap va ch tuan theo
phap luat, thc hien che o hai cap xet x: s
tham va phuc tham, cong khai,
2.2 Tham quyen xet x: khong co tham quyen
ng nhien.
2.3 Trnh t xet x: c quy nh trong luat to tung
(Bo luat to tung dan s 2004).
59
III. I KIEN
3. Kien trc trong tai
3.1 u iem:
- Xet x nhanh, gon, thu tuc n gian, t ton
kem;
- Xet x theo nguyen tac khong cong khai;
- Thong thao ve nghiep vu;
- Khong b anh hng bi cac yeu to chnh tr.
3.2 Cac loai trong tai:
- Trong tai vu viec (ad hoc): c thanh lap e
giai quyet mot tranh chap cu the.
- Trong tai quy che: co to chc va quy che hoat
ong cu the.
60
III. I KIEN
3.3 Tham quyen xet x: khong co tham quyen
xet x ng nhien.
3.4 Thu tuc xet x va luat ap dung:
3.4.1 Thu tuc xet x:
- Trong tai vien hoac hoi ong trong tai nghien
cu ho s.
- Xac nh ngay xet x va bao cho cac ben
ng s.
- To chc xet x: khi co u c s ket luan th
ra phan quyet.
3.4.2 Luat ap dung:
- Giai oan 1: xac nh luat to tung.
- Giai oan 2: xac nh luat thc chat.
61
III. I KIEN
3.5 Mot so iem can lu y khi giai quyet tranh chap
tai VIAC:
- a v phap ly: la to chc phi chnh phu.
- Tham quyen xet x:
+ Cac tranh chap phat sinh t hoat ong TM gia
cac ben la to chc, ca nhan KD.
+ Cac tranh chap phat sinh t hoat ong TM co
yeu to nc ngoai.
- Tham gia to tung trong tai.
- Can c phap ly e giai quyet noi dung vu tranh
chap.
- Cac bien phap khan cap tam thi.
- Hieu lc cua Quyet nh trong tai: co gia tr
chung tham, co hieu lc ke t ngay cong bo.
62
III. I KIEN
4. Viec thi hanh phan quyet cua toa an va
trong tai nc ngoai
4.1 Viec thi hanh ban an cua toa an nc ngoai:
- Thong qua menh lenh cua toa an nc thi
hanh va da vao cac ieu kien thi hanh an
nc o.
- Co the can c vao hiep nh hp tac t phap
gia cac nc.
4.2 Viec thi hanh phan quyet cua trong tai nc
ngoai: co the c ieu chnh trong cac QT
co lien quan: Cong c New York 1958 ve viec
cong nhan va thi hanh phan quyet cua trong
tai nc ngoai, Cong c Ginev 1961 cua
chau Au ve trong tai quoc te.
63
III. I KIEN
- Toa an cua mot nc co the khong cho thi hanh
phan quyet cua trong tai nc ngoai khi:
+ Co ben ng s vang mat tai phien hop xet
x do s suat cua trong tai;
+ Phan quyet cua trong tai cha co gia tr chung
tham theo luat cua nc trong tai;
+ Phan quyet cua trong tai buoc ben thua kien
phai lam mot hanh ong khong c phep lam
theo luat cua nc thi hanh phan quyet;
+ Viec thi hanh phan quyet cua trong tai trai vi
trat t cong cong cua nc thi hanh phan quyet;
Toa an cua mot nc khong the bac bo phan
quyet cua trong tai nc ngoai trong trng hp
noi dung vu viec b xet x sai.
64

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NOI DUNG CHNG

CHNG 1: TONG QUAN VE

Tai lieu tham khao:

I. KHAI NIEM CHUNG VE PHAP

I. KHAI NIEM CHUNG VE PHAP

I. KHAI NIEM CHUNG VE PHAP

2.3 Ve nguon luat:

II. NHNG NGUYEN TAC C BAN

GV: ThS Nguyn Tin Hong

III. MOT SO HE THONG PHAP

- He thong phap luat Chau Au luc

CHNG 2: MOT SO VAN E

Tai lieu tham khao:

GV: ThS. Nguyn Tin Hong

I. KHAI QUAT CHUNG VE

I. KHAI QUAT CHUNG VE

I. KHAI QUAT CHUNG VE

GV: ThS. Nguyn Tin Hong

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

1.3 Phan loai cac QT ve TM:

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

1.4 Cac trng hp ap dung QT ve

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

3.2 Phan loai:

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

3.3 Cac trng hp ap dung:

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

II. NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH

Ve mat gia tr phap ly, cac

GV: ThS. Nguyn Tin Hong

III. KY KET HMBHHQT

III. KY KET HMBHHQT

III. KY KET HMBHHQT

III. KY KET HMBHHQT

III. KY KET HMBHHQT

III. KY KET HMBHHQT

II. KY KET HMBHHQT

III. KY KET HMBHHQT

III. KY KET HMBHHQT

IV. CHAP HANH HMBHHQT

IV. CHAP HANH HMBHHQT

IV. CHAP HANH HMBHHQT

IV. CHAP HANH HMBHHQT

hien ung ngha vu H): ieu 297,

GV: ThS. Nguyn Tin Hong

IV. CHAP HANH HMBHHQT

c ap dung khi khong the thc hien cac che tai

CHNG 3: MOT SO VAN E

Tai lieu tham khao:

I. H THUE TAU CHUYEN

I. H THUE TAU CHUYEN

I. H THUE TAU CHUYEN

I. H THUE TAU CHUYEN

I. H THUE TAU CHUYEN

I. H THUE TAU CHUYEN

I. H THUE TAU CHUYEN

I. H THUE TAU CHUYEN

I. H THUE TAU CHUYEN

II. H THUE TAU CH