ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF

l shaped multi storey buildings for

WIND LOADS

By
M.RAKESH
13071D2008
(M.Tech)
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
Under the guidance of Dr.A.Mallika,Associate Professor ,Ph.d
VNR VJIET,AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTE,
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
BACHUPALLY,NIZAMPET(S.O)
HYDERABAD-500091

CONTENTS
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BASIC REQUIREMENTS
PLAN AND ELEVATION AND 3D VIEW
LOADS

DEAD LOAD

LIVE LOAD

WIND LOAD

STUDY ON WIND LOAD

DEFINITION

PRELIMINARY DATA CONSIDERED FOR WIND LOAD

WIND LOAD CALCULATIONS

 ANALYSIS
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

SUPPORT REACTIONS

LATERAL DISPLACEMENTS

PRELIMINARY DESIGNS

DESIGN OF SLABS

DESIGN OF BEAMS

DESIGN OF COLUMNS

DESIGN OF FOOTINGS

CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

ABSTRACT
Structural design is the primary aspect of Structural

Engineering. The very basis of construction of any

building, residential house or commercial complex,
bridges, culverts, canals etc. is designed. Structural
Engineering has existed since humans first started to
construct their own structures.

The foremost basic need in Structural Engineering is the

design of Structural components and members of building

viz., slabs, beams, columns and footings. In order to
design them, it is important to first obtain the plan of the
particular building. Such that they serve their respective
purpose and also suiting to the requirement and comfort of
the inhabitants.

There by depending on the suitability, plan layout of

beams and the position of columns thereafter, the loads are

calculated namely the dead loads, which depend upon the
unit weight of the materials used(concrete, brick)-IS:8751987 part1, the live loads according to the code IS:8751987 part2 is around 2 KN/m2 , wind loads as per the code
IS:875-1987 part3.

The present mini project deals with the Analysis and

Design of G+7 residential building. The dead loads, live

loads and wind loads are applied and the design for
beams, columns, footings is obtained by STAAD Pro.

INTRODUCTION

BUILDINGS:
A building is defined as a relatively permanent enclosed

Structure over a plot of land and of what so ever materials

it is Constructed.
A building mainly can be divided into two main parts:

Sub structure
Super structure

Substructure: The part of the building below the plinth

beam is called as Sub structure.

Super structure: Super structure is those portions of a

building or any structures that are visible. It could be a

simple residential house to a Multi-storey building .

BASIC REQUIREMENTS
Feasible
Best design
Objective functions under static loading
Objective functions under dynamic loading

PRESENT PROBLEM
The present problem is on Analysis and Design of G+7( L-

shaped) Residential Building for wind loads

STAAD Pro.

by using

PLAN

ELEVATION

3D- VIEW

X
Z

LOADS
DEAD LOAD
LIVE LOAD
WIND LOAD

DEAD LOAD(is:875-1987 part-2)

Dead loads consist of the permanent construction material

loads compressing the roof, floor, wall, and foundation

systems. In the study following loads are taken under dead
load.

DEAD LOAD-SLAB WEIGHT CALCULATION

Assuming Thickness of slab =125 mm
Density of concrete = 25kN/m3
Self Weight of slab = Density of concrete x Thickness of

slab
=25 * 0.125
= 3.125 kN/m2

Floor Finish at floor level = 1 kN/m

Unknow partition

= 0.5 kN/m2

Total floor load

= 4.625 kN/m2

DEAD LOAD-WALL LOAD CALCULATION

Width of the wall=230 mm(thickness)
Height of the wall=3.0 m
Density of brick =19 kN/m2

External Wall load (9 thick)

= Thickness of wall x Height of wall

x Density of brick wall
= 0.23*3.5*20
=16.10kN/m
Internal wall load (4.5 thick)

= Thickness of wall x Height of wall

x Density of brick wall
= 0.115*3.5*20
=8.05kN/m

DEAD LOAD

X
Z

Load 1

LIVE LOAD(IS:875-1987 Part-2)

Live loads are produced by the use and occupancy of a

building. Loads include those from human occupants,

furnishings, no fixed equipment, storage, and construction
and maintenance activities. we has to create a load case
for live load and select all the beams to carry such load.
The following loads come under live loads. Figure shows
STAAD model subjected to live load.

LIVE LOAD-FLOOR LOAD

Floor load

Floorload:
Live Load Intensity specified
= 2 kN/m2

LIVE LOAD

X
Z

Load 2

STUDY ON WIND LOAD

DEFINITION
The force on a structure arising from the impact of wind

on it is called Wind Load.

Wind means the motion of air in the atmosphere. The

response

of

structures

characteristics of the wind.

to

wind

depends

on

the

Wind load(As per IS: 875:1987-part 3)

Basic wind speed Vb

44m/sec (As per IS: 875:1987-part

3, Hyderabad)
Design wind speed VZ = K1*K2*K3*Vb
Where
K1=Risk coefficient factor
K1=1.00 (IS: 875 part3 sec 5.3.1, table 1)

K2= terrain and height factor

K2 = 1 (class B, IS: 875 part3 sec 5.3.2.2, table 2)
K3=Topography factor
K3= 1(IS: 875 part3 sec 5.3.3.1)
PZ = 0.6VZ2
Where PZ = design wind pressure (as per IS: 875 part 3,

sec 5.4)

PRELIMINARY DATA CONSIDERED

FOR WIND LOAD

WIND LOAD CALCULATIONS

WindData:
Wind Zone: 3 (Basic wind speed= 44 m/s)
Terrain Category: 3
Class of Structure: B
Life of structure = 50 years.

DesignWindSpeed:
Vz = Vb*.K1*K2*K3
K1=1.00 (IS: 875 part3 sec 5.3.1, table 1)
K2 = 1 (class B, IS: 875 part3 sec 5.3.2.2, table 2)
K3= 1 (IS: 875 part3 sec 5.3.3.1
Vz = 44* 1.00*1.00*1.00 = 44.00 m/s
DesignWindPressure:
P = 0.6 * 44.00* 44.00 = 1161.6N/m2.

WIND LOAD IN ON STRUCTURE

X
Z

Load 3

ANALYSIS
The structure is modelled in STAAD.Pro as mentioned

above and is analyzed for linear analysis. The post

processing results are tabulated and discussed Below.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

SUPPORT REACTIONS

 From the above table that it has been divide into three

cases of forces as F1, F2, F3 and designing for the

maximum force. (shown in below table)

LATERAL DISPLACEMENTS

PRELIMINARY DESIGNS

DESIGNOFSLABS

DESIGN OF SLABS
Slabs are plane structural members whose thickness is

small compared to its length and breadth. Slabs are mostly

used as a roof covering and carry the distributed load
primary by flexure. A slab may be supported by beams or
walls and may be used as the flange of a T-Beam or LBeam.

Slabs are in general, divided into two categories

depending upon the ratio long span to short span. When

this ratio is greater than or equal to 2, the slab is to be
designed as slab spanning in one direction (i.e., one way
slab) but if the ratio is less than 2, the slab is to be
designed as slab spanning in 2 directions (i.e., 2 way
slab).According to my slab panels it is a Two-way slab.
And the plan of slab is show below

PLAN OF A SLAB

ALL UNITS ARE IN m

DESIGN OF SLAB PANEL (S1)

DESIGNOFBEAMS

DESIGN OF BEAMS
If the reinforcing bars are provided only on tension side

in the beam section, then it is called as Singly Reinforced

Beams. Beams which are reinforced both in compression
and tension sides are called as Doubly Reinforced Beams.

These beams are generally provided when the dimension

of the beam are restricted and it is required to resist

moment higher than the limiting moment of a singly
Reinforced section. The additional Moment of Resistance
required can be obtained by Providing Compression
Reinforcement and additional tension Reinforcement A
section with Compression Steel and Additional Tension
steel to resist additional moment

LONGITUDINAL BEAM
I have selected a longitudinal section beam of a multi-

storey building and designed for a load conditions which

used in STAAD.Pro

BEAM RESULT
(1)BEAM.NO.76:

Grade of concrete =M30

Grade of steel

= Fe415 (Main)
=Fe415 (Sec.)

Length of each span of beam = 5000.0 mm

Size = 230.0 mm X 450.0 mm
Cover = 40.0 mm

 SUMMARYOFREINFORCEMENTAREA(Sq.mm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- SECTION

0.0 mm

1250.0 mm

2500.0 mm

3750.0 mm

5000.0 mm

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP

REINF.
BOTTOM
REINF.

1132.98

189.38

189.38

189.38

932.53

(Sq. mm)

(Sq. mm)

(Sq. mm)

(Sq. mm)

(Sq. mm)

244.61

348.61

292.28

262.64

(Sq. mm)

(Sq. mm)

(Sq. mm)

(Sq. mm)

270.95
(Sq. mm)

SUMMARYOFPROVIDEDREINF.AREA
------------------------------------------------------------- SECTION

0.0 mm

1250.0 mm

2500.0 mm

3750.0 mm

5000.0 mm

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP

6-16

REINF.

2 layer(s)

BOTTOM

REINF.

2-16
1 layer(s)

2-16

2-16

2-16

5-16

1 layer(s)

1 layer(s)

1 layer(s)

2 layer(s)

2-16

2-16

1 layer(s)

1 layer(s)

2-16
1 layer(s)

2-16
1 layer(s)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SHEAR 2 legged 12mm diameter reinforcement is provided @120mm c/c

SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT DISTANCE

d(EFFECTIVE DEPTH) FROM FACE OF

THESUPPORT
Shear design results at 700.0 mm away from start support

VY = 85.55 MX = -0.50 LD= 9

Provide 2 Legged 12mm @ 120 mm c/c

THE CROSS-SECTION OF THE BEAM,

DESIGN LOAD AND DESIGN PARAMETERS
IS SHOWN IN THE FIGURE BELOW .

DESIGN OF
COLUMNS

DESIGN OF COLUMNS
A vertical member whose effective length is greater than 3

times its least lateral dimension carrying compressive

loads is called column. Columns transfer the load from the
beams or slabs to the footings or foundations.
All the columns in the plan are rectangular in section.

DESIGN RESULTS:
COLUMN.NO.155:

Grade of a concrete =M30

Grade of steel

=Fe415 (Main)
=Fe415 (Sec.)

Length of the column = 3500.0 mm

Cross-section of the column: 400.0 mm X 600.0 mm
Cover = 40.0 mm
Guiding load case: 10
End joint:

82 short column

 Reqd. Steel area :

3925.99 sq.mm.

Reqd. Concrete area: 236074.02 sq.mm.

Main

reinforcement

:provide

8-25dia(1.64%,3926.99

sq.mm.)
Equally distributed.
Tie Reinforcement : provide 12 mm dia. Rectangular ties @

300 mm c/c

 SECTIONCAPACITYBASEDONREINFORCEMENT

REQUIRED(KNS-MET)
Puz : 4408.96 , Muz1 :

314.49 , Muy1 :

199.09

INTERACTION RATIO: 0.99 (as per Cl. 39.6, IS456:2000)

SECTIONCAPACITYBASEDONREINFORCEMENT

PROVIDED(KNS-MET)
WORST LOAD CASE:

10

END JOINT: 82 ,Puz : 4409.26 , Muz :

200.04 IR: 0.98

318.62 Muy :

 As per IS code, Design of column by using

STAAD.Pro and the cross-section of the column is

showninthefigurebelow.

DESIGNOFFOOTINGS

DESIGN OF FOOTINGS
Footing or foundation is defined as the part of

substructure, which transmits the loads from the superstructure to surrounding soil stratum safely.
Design of footing mainly depends on the safe bearing

capacity of the soil on which the footing rests and the load
coming from the superstructure. Footings may be isolated,
combined. Isolated (or) independent footings are the
footings that support the individual columns

. They distribute and spread the load over a sufficiently

large of the soil stratum to minimize the bearing pressure.

Isolated footings may be square, rectangular or circular.
As per the design of multi-storey ,it is an isolated

rectangular footing.

.DESIGN RESULTS :

CONCLUSION
Analysis of L Shaped multi-storey building is done by

using STAAD.Pro and the design results are Safe .

The results for the maximum shear force and maximum

displacements came through the STAAD.Pro was

designed and it is safe according to the IS code provisions.

REFERENCES
Design of steel structures based on the limit state method as per

IS:875-1987 part 3
Using IS code:456-2000 for the Design of M30 grade concrete and

Fe415 grade of steel.

Internet source and Basic tutorials and fundamentals of STAAD pro
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING, NO. 7, VOL. 134,

PP. 1139-1153, JULY 2008.

International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, No 06

SPL, Volume 04, pp.504-507October 2011.

JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL MECHANICS, NO 1(VOL.

42), PP. 48-60 2009.

A

COMPARATIVE

STUDY

OF

THE

EFFECT

OF

VARIABILITY OF WIND LOADS ON STRUCTURAL

RESPONSE,

JOURNAL

ENGINEERING, 2011.

OF

STRUCTURAL