THESIS

CITY CENTRE

Literature Review
NAMIT RAJA SRIVASTAV
12/AR/010
B.ARCH IX SEM
GAUTAM BUDDHA UNIVERSITY

INTRODUCTION
Acitycentreisthecommercial,culturalandoftenthehistorical,political
andgeographicheartofacity.

The CITY centre has come up as the largest commercial and

retail hub with malls, restaurants and office buildings and
plenty of parking space.
The city centre is the area of a city where commerce,
entertainment, shopping and political power are concentrated.

The intent of the city center core zone is to provide a

mixed-use town center to support the surrounding
neighborhoods and general public.
AIM AND OBJECTIVE

To create a space which can bring society together

by involving them in various area
To bring economic and high society under one
space
To explore
GREATERthe
NOIDA
-first City Centre.
inter-relationships
of the space

Name of project: City Centre ,ETA-1 GREATER NOIDA

Type of project: Mix-Use (COMMERCIAL-CULTURAL)
Location: GREATER NOIDA
SITEAREA:50,000m.sq

SITE

SITE ETA 1

SITE

SITE
Metro station ( on construction) 2km from site make it easily accessible.
Access Roads on 3 sides .
SECTOR delta
SITE
Dense residential area around the site.
3
Nearly 10 residential sector around the site.
SECTOR
ETA 1

SECTOR
gamma 2
SECTOR
gamma 1

SECTOR
beta 1

Residenti
al area

Metro station (
on
construction)

LOCATION
Greater Noida is a northIndiancity with a population in excess of 100,000,
located in theGautam Budh Nagar districtof the northern state of
Uttar Pradesh.
It comes under the purview of theNational Capital Region(NCR) of India.

Situated 30km south-east of capital city ofNew Delhi, it takes around 30

minutes to travel between the cities via theNoida-Greater Noida Expressway.

Greater Noida with state of the art physical and social infrastructure (with
quality residential commercial, recreational and institutional areas) has
numerous location advantages:
Proximity to the National Capital Region of Delhi (just about 60 km
away).
Connectivity

Noida, the vibrant satellite town of Delhi with IT and electronics

industrieslocated
is adjacent.
Strategically
with two National Highways, NH-24 (Delhi-Lucknow),
NH-58 (Delhi-Haridwar-Mana Pass.

Would be served by proposed Eastern Peripheral Expressway (GhaziabadNoida-Palwal & Kundli-Ghaziabad) of NCR.
Close to Dadri Railway Junction where Eastern and Western Freight
Corridors meet.
Air connectivity through High-speed Metro Rail from Greater Noida to Intl
Airport at New Delhi.

AerialviewofGreaterNoida

REQUIREMENTS
City centre
requiremen
t

MULTIPLEX
EXHIBITION CENTRE
CULTURAL
FOOD COURT

RECREATIONAL ( informal activities like, performance, festival

function)
Offices
Commercial

com
merci
al
multi
plex

hotel

Hotel
Recre
ationa
l

Exhib
ition
centr
e

Food
court
cultu
ral

12.

PLANNING GUIDELINES

1.Structural
models

Width
(m)

Small shops

5.3 to
6.0

Notes

5.Goods and
service docks

Mostly 5.4 m
Depending on beam depth.
Single-storey buildings
Large-space
7.3 to
spans
2.Clear ceiling 9.2
Height(mlarger
To underside
of beams
users
)
Small shops

3.3 to 3.8

Sales area

3.2 to 3.6

Non-sales area

Large-space
3.6 min.
users
3.Car
Car spaces
parking
per 100 m2
gross retail
area
Supermarke
ts,
superstores
Shopping
4.Typical
centres
floor
loading
Shop sales
area

10-12

4-5
kN/m2

Shop
storage

10

Design load

20

Typical
provision for
large-space
user Two 15 m
articulated
lorries: width
Minimum
clearance
height

With floor: floor spacing 4

to 5 m
type
sales area

10.7

Notes

Allowin
g 1.5 m
each
side

Approa
ch road
4.7

5.00 m
sales:ancillary
area

small shops

(less than 280 m2 sales

area)

45:55

Department
stores

10000-20 000 m2

45:55.

Variety stores

500 to 15 000 m

50:50

Supermarkets

The sales areas of largespace users range from 1000

to 2500 m2

60:40,

Superstores

5000 10 000 m2 of selling

space.

Hypermarkets at least 2500 m2 sales floor

Staff
facilities (general
guide
Shopping
25 000
and only)
50 000 m2 GLA
Staffcenters
numbers: net sales areas, 1: 50 m2
to 1: 80 m2

60:40,
METRIC HANDBOOK
- david alder

CIRCULATION:-

Occupancy

Minimum area per person in various types of

buildings
Area per person (m2 )

Assembly halls (closely seated)

.46 @450mm c/c movable seats .60@500mm c/c

fixed seats

Dance halls

.55 to 0.90

Restaurants (dining areas)

.90 to 1.1

Retail shops and showrooms

4.6 to 7.0

Department stores, bazaars

0.9 (including counters, etc.)

bargain sales areas

0.46 (gangway areas only)

Offices
9.3 (excluding
stairs and lavatories)
Area
per person to be allowed in various
circulation
areas
Occupancy
Area per person
(m2 )
Overall allowance for public areas in public-handling
buildings

2.3 to 2.8

Waiting areas, 100 per cent standing, no cross-flows

(e.g. lift lobby)
Flow
capacities
and staircases
Circulating
peopleof
in corridors
corridors, reduced
to halt by
Occupancy
Obstruction.

0.5 to 0.65
0.2
Area per person
(m2 )

General design purposes

0.8

People moving at good walking pace (1.3 m/s)

3.7

People moving at a shuffle (0.4 to 0.9 m/s).

0.27 - 0.37

People at a standstill due to obstruction

0.2

STANDARDS

METRIC HANDBOOK
- david alder

SHOPPING MALL...
AIR CONDITIONING, HEATING AND
MECHANICAL VENTILATION
PLANNING DESIGN CRITERIA (Fundamental
Requirements)
The object of installing ventilation and air
conditioning facilities in buildings shall be to provide
conditions under which people can live in comfort,
work safely and efficiently.
Ventilation and air conditioning installation shall
aim at controlling and optimizing following factors in
the building:
a) Air purity and filtration,
b) Air movement,
c) Dry-bulb temperature,
d) Relative humidity,
e) Noise and vibration,
f) Energy efficiency, and
g) Fire safety.
DUCT SYSTEMS

Classification :
Low pressure systems:
Velocity 10 m/s, static pressure 5 cm HO (g) .
Medium pressure systems:
Velocity 10 m/s, static pressure 15 cm HO (g).
High pressure systems:
Velocity > 10 m/s, static pressure 15<p 25 cm HO
(g).
Recommended air velocities depend mainly on the
application

SHOPPING MALL...

29
.

Ramps
Gentle slope: 1:12 max. 1800 x 1800 landing after 9m of travel distance.
Width: 1800mm or more.
Handrails to be on both sides and at two levels 760mm and 900mm. Extend
300mm
beyond top and bottom of ramp.
Warning tile should be placed at 300mm before and the ramp edges.
Steps and Stairs
Uniform risers : 150mm and tread: 300mm.
Stair edges should have 50mm wide, bright/ contrast colour band.
Maximum height of a flight between landings to be 1200mm.
Landing should be 1200mm clear of any door swing.
The steps should have an unobstructed width of at least 1200mm.
Continuous handrails on both sides including the wall (if any) and at two levels
760mm and 900mm.
Warning tile to be placed 300mm at the beginning and at the end of all stairs.
Nosing should be avoided.
Handrails
Handrails/ Grab bars are extremely important features and must be designed to
be easy to
grasp and to provide a firm and comfortable grip so that the hand can slide along
the rail
without obstruction.
Handrails should be circular with a diameter of 38mm, at least 50mm clear two
levels
760mm and 900mm form the finished floor, extend by at least 300mm.
Grab bars should: HANDBOOK OFFICE BUILDING
- CPWD
Be slip-resistant with round ends;
Have a circular section of 38-50 mm in diameter;

MALL...
Circulation Area
Corridors should have an unobstructed width of 1800mm.
Level differences should be beveled.
Thresholds and gratings should not be more that 10mm.
Protruding objects (more that 100mm form the wall) to be
placed either
in a niche or
above 2100mm form the floor.
Open spaces below ramps, escalator and stairs should be
blocked out completely by
protective guard rails, raised curbs or marked with a tactile
surface.
Door
Should provide a clear opening of 900mm.
Be fitted with lever action locks and D shape handles of
circular section, between 800mm and 1000mm form floor level.
Also be fitted with vision panels at least between 900mm and
1500mm
form floor level.
Be colour contrasted with the surrounding walls and should
not be
heavier than 22N to open.
A distance of 400mm to 600mm should be provided beyond
the leading
edge of door
to enable a wheelchair user to maneuver and to reach the
handle.
Kick plates are recommended 300mm form the bottom, to
resist wear and tear.

HANDBOOK OFFICE BUILDING

HANDBOOK- OFFICE
CPWD BUILDING

 IN SHOPPING MALL COMPLEX,COMMERCIAL SPACES

LIKE SHOWROOM,RETAIL
OUTLETS,HOTEL,RESTRAURANT ETC. AND
ENTERTAINMENT ACTIVITIES ARE ALL PERMITTED.
PROPOSED LANDMARK FOR SHOPPING MALL MUST
BE MORE THAN 4000 SQ. M.
MIMIMUM FRONTAGE OF THE LANDMARK
ACCORDING TO THE SURFACE AREA ARE AS
FOLLOWS:
S.A. OF LANDMARK

MIN. FRONTAGE IN M.

4000

40

4001 TO 15000

50

15001 TO 50000

100

MORE THAN 50000

200

MIN. WIDTH OF ROAD IN FRONT MUST BE 24 M.

13

EXHIBITION HALL: Exhibition Hall is another important feature in

city centre. Delegates to the convention as well as trade relative
promoters take part in trade shows to promote their products
during conventions. As such, it is essential that such exhibition hall
should have a capacity to accommodate at least 20 booths of 3 mts
by 3 mts in size excluding passages in between the booths.
Barrier Free Parameters

Kerb Ramp
Width should not be less than 1200mm
Useful for a smooth transition.
Footpath flushed with roadway, at a gradient not exceeding that 1:12.
Warning strip to be provided on the kerb side edge of the slope.
Foothpath
Obstruction-free for the convenience of all users.
Height of the footpath not to be more than 150 mm form the road level.
Change in level on the footpath should be made clearly visible.
Width of the footpath should 1800 mm and minimum clear unobstructed path
should be 1200 mm.
Street furniture should be placed outside the path of travel.
Resting Places should be provided along travel routes.
Protruding elements should be avoided.
Bollards should be 1000 mm high, painted in contrasting colour stripes with clear
minimum gap of 1200 mm.

Parking
Parking should be within 30 meters of the main entrance the building.
Two accessible parking lots with dimension 3600mm X 5000mm.
International symbol of accessibility painted on the ground and also on a
signpost/ board.
Directional signs guiding people to the accessible parking.
Ramps
Gentle slope: 1:12 max. 1800 x 1800 landing after 9m of travel distance.
Width: 1800mm or more.
Handrails to be on both sides and at two levels 760mm and 900mm.
Extend 300mm beyond top and bottom of ramp.
Warning tile should be placed at 300mm before and the ramp edges.

Parking Standard
City Centre
of floor area

: 1.67 ECS per 100 sq.m

Area for each car space: (i) Basement 35 sq.m.

(ii) Stilts 30 sq.m.
(iii) Open 25. sq.m.
Sanitation Requirement for Shops and Commercial
Offices