KANKER PAYUDARA

Dr. Dian Andriani, SpKK, M.Biomed, MARS

Breast Cancer Facts

Penyebab kematian ke 2
tertinggi
Merupakan urutan ke 2
kanker yang paling sering
Incidens meningkat dengan
bertambahnya usia
semua wanita berisiko

Insidens Kanker Payudara

Penderita Kanker Payudara di Indonesia

Sekitar 40 kasus setiap 100.000 penduduk
pada tahun 2012, menurut data di organisasi
kesehatan dunia (WHO). Dibandingkan
dengan Malaysia, di Indonesia lebih banyak
diderita oleh wanita usia muda dan pada
tahap yang lebih lanjut.
Kanker payudara tidak hanya menyerang
kaum wanita tapi juga pria walaupun jarang.

How is the Breast Designed

The breasts sit on the chest
muscles that cover the ribs.
Each breast is made of 15 to 20
lobes.
Lobes contain many smaller
lobules.
Lobules contain groups of tiny
glands that can produce milk.
Milk flows from the lobules
through thin tubes called ducts to
the nipple.
The nipple is in the center of a
dark area of skin called the
areola.
Fat fills the spaces between the
lobules and ducts.

Tipe kanker payudara

Ductal Carcinoma

Berasal dari sel saluran penghasil susu ke arah

putting
If cancer confined to duct = in situ (DCIS)
Usually found on mammogram
If moved beyond duct = invasive or infiltrating

Lobular Carcinoma
Berasal dari kelenjar penghasil susu
(agak jarang)

What causes Breast cancer

Breast cancer is always caused by a genetic
abnormality (a mistake in the genetic material).
However, only 5-10% of cancers are due to an
abnormality inherited from your mother or father.
About 90% of breast cancers are due to genetic
abnormalities that happen as a result of the
aging process and the wear and tear of life in
general.

Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

Gender: female (1% males)
Race: more common in whites
Age: increases as a woman gets older.
Relative : (mother or sister)
Menstrual history :early on set
late menopause

Childbirth: first child After the age of

30 or having no children at all
Pregnancy and breastfeeding are protective against breast cancer

Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

Obesity
Diet: Fat
Alcohol

Lack of Physical Activity ; Stress

Radiation Exposure
History of cancer: breast, uterus, cervix, ovary
Hormones: estrogens in Hormone replacement
therapy & Birth control pills

Genetics : certain conditions that are inheritated

> 70% have no risk factors

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

Early breast cancer may not have symptoms.

Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Prevention
Breast Cancer Risk Factors

that can be controlled

Obesity
Not having
children

All
women are
at risk

Breastfeeding

Exercise
Hormone
Replacement
Therapy

Alcohol

Screening For Breast Cancer

A Good Breast Health Plan
Self Awareness (Monthly
Self Exams) (BSE)
Clinical Breast Examination
(CBE)
Mammograms

Screening
Average-size lump found by woman
practicing occasional breast self-exam
(BSE)
Average-size lump found by woman
practicing regular breast self-exam
(BSE)
Average-size lump found by first
mammogram
Average-size lump found by getting regular
mammograms
riz

Breast Self Examination (BSE)

Opportunity for woman to
become familiar with her
breasts
Monthly exam of the
breasts and underarm area
May discover any changes
early
Begin at age 20, continue
monthly

When to do BSE
Menstruating women- 5 to 7
days after the beginning of
their period
Menopausal women same date each month
Pregnant women
same date each month
Takes about 10 minutes
Perform BSE at least
once a month
Examine all breast tissue

Why dont more women practice BSE

Fear
Embarrassment
Youth
Lack of knowledge
Too busy, forgetfulness

Clinical Breast Examination

Performed by doctor or
trained nurse practitioner
Annually for women over
40yrs
At least every 3 years for
women between 20 and
40 yrs
More frequent
examination for high risk
patients

Mammography
X-ray of the breast
Has been shown to
save lives in patients
50-69
Data mixed on
usefulness for patients
40-49
Normal mammogram
does not rule out
possibility of cancer
completely

Women (asymptomatic)
40 years of age and
older should have a
MAMMOGRAM every
year.

Treatment for Breast Cancer

Surgery
Radiation Therapy
Chemotherapy
Hormonal Therapy

Surgery
Lumpectomy
Modified Radical
Mastectomy
Radical Mastectomy (rare)
Reconstruction

Breast Reconstruction
Pre and Post Expander and Implant

Pre and Post Tissue and Implants Combined

Radiation Therapy
Chemotherapy
Hormonal Therapy
As a adjunct to surgery depending
on stage of cancer

Prognosis after Breast Cancer

Stage 0

5-Year
Survival (%)
95

10-Year Survival
(%)
90

Stage I

85

70

Stage II

70

50

Stage III

55

30

Stage IV

Myths & Facts

Touching the breasts too often will lead to cancer
Talking about cancer causes cancer
Using illegal drugs causes cancer
Herbs cure breast cancer
(ua de gato/cats claw)
A bruise on the breast will lead to breast cancer.
If an incision is made during breast cancer surgery,
the cancer will spread.
Getting too many mammograms leads to
breast cancer.
Mammograms are only used to evaluate
breast lumps.

Myths & Facts

Breast cancer only affects older women
If you have a risk factor for breast
cancer, you're likely to get the disease
Using antiperspirants causes breast
cancer.
A breast cancer diagnosis is an
automatic death sentence.
Breast cancer is preventable

THANK YOU

drrizwanasyed@hotmail.com