Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Passengers
Crew members
Internal
considerations
Fuel
Landing gear
Fuselage Design
Armaments
External
considerations
Drag
Passenger Requirements
Crew Requirements
Fuel Storage Requirements
Internal Engines and Air Inlets
Wing Attachments
Landing Gear Placement
Armament Placement
Cross-Section Shape
Most fuselage cross-sections are relatively
circular in shape.
This is done for two reasons
1. By eliminating corners, the flow will not
separate at moderate angles of attack or
sideslip
2. When the fuselage is pressurized, a circular
fuselage can resist the loads with tension
stresses, rather than the more severe
bending loads that arise on non-circular
shapes
Boeing 747
Passenger Requirements
A 380 Fuselage
The cross section of the A380 departs from the double-bubble
concept with a rather eccentric ellipse
Crew Requirements
Crew Requirements
The size of the crew compartment will vary
depending on the aircraft type
Long range
transport /
passenger aircraft
Should
accommodate 2 to
4 crew members
Discrete tanks
Generally used for small general aviation
aircraft
They consist of separately manufactured
containers that mount in the aircraft
In the wing, these are often mounted at the
inboard span portion, near the leading edge.
In the fuselage they are generally placed just
behind the engine and above the pilots feet.
Integral tanks
These are cavities within the airframe structure
that are sealed to form fuel tanks
Because integral tanks are more prone to
leaking compared to the other two types, they
should not be located near air inlet ducts or
engines
Wing Attachments
The position where Wing section attached to the
fuselage is called as wing carry through
The wing carry-through occupies a large volume
where it passes through the fuselage
As we know the root chord, we can find the volume
required for the carry through in the fuselage
Armament Placement
Essentially a requirement for a fighter aircraft
The number and size of bombs and armament are
generally decided in the initial design proposal when
the mission requirements are set.
Weapons carried outside leads to extra drag
The lowest drag design has the weapons internally
mounted
In most cases, this requires them to be located inside
the fuselage, in a weapons bay.
In this instance, provisions need to be made in the
design of the fuselage to have the necessary volume
and exterior access
AERODYNAMIC
CONSIDERATIONS
Passengers
Crew members
Internal
considerations
Fuel
Landing gear
Fuselage Design
Armaments
External
considerations
Drag
Viscous
drag Cf
Over all
drag
Cd0
The graph shows the solid curve corresponds to the overall drag.
The dashed curve corresponds to the viscous drag.
At any value of the fineness ratio, the difference between the values of C Do and C F
corresponds to the pressure drag.
Wave
drag Cw
Viscous
drag Cf
Over all
drag
Cd0
Fineness
ratio
D /l = 1
Blunt body
D /l ~ 0
Slender body
Wave drag
predominant
Viscous drag
predominant