Composition of Solid Waste

Disposed
-composition is a term used to
describe the components that make
up the solid waste
in various studies on the composition
of municipal solid waste (MSW)
obtained varies according to places
of waste generation
this information is important to
determine what type of equipment,
systems and management program

8 Komposisi Solid Waste

Glass -4%
Textiles 3%
Plastic 8%
Metal 6%
Paper 6%
Building 12%
Soil 10%
Garden Waste 25%

Characteristic Scheduled
Waste
1.Reactive
materials that are unstable and constantly
subject to change without showing any
early signs resulting in an explosion
when react with water, it releases toxic
gases and fumes in a quantity that can be
harmful to humans and the environment
example: solvent cyanide, chlorate,
bromates, perchlorate and nitrate

 2. Corrosive
will destroy or irreversibly damage another
surface or substance with which it comes into
contact
the main hazards to people include damage to
the eyes, the skin, and the tissue under the skin;
inhalation or ingestion of a corrosive substance
can damage the respiratory and gastrointestinal
tracts. exposure results in chemical burn
e.g. concentrated acid or alkali

 3. Ignitable
can create fires under certain
conditions, spontaneously
combustible, or have a flash point
less than 60 C (140 F)
e.g include waste oils and used
solvents

 4. Infectious medical waste (not classified under EQA

1974)
waste generated in the diagnosis, treatment or
immunization of human beings or animals which has
been or is likely to have been contaminated by an
organism capable of causing disease in healthy humans
resulting from a spill cleanup; and any waste mixed with
or cont aminated by infectious
medical waste
e.g. cultures and stocks of microorganisms and
biologicals; blood and blood products; pathological
wastes; animal carcasses, body parts, bedding and
related wastes; isolation wastes; any residue

 5 Radioactive (not classified under

EQA 1974)
Radioactive waste is a waste product
containing radioactive material. It is
usually the product of a nuclear
process such as nuclear fission,
though industries not directly
connected to the nuclear power
industry may also produce
radioactive waste.

SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT
The definition of solid waste
management is the waste from
human activity either in the form of
solid or semi solid that is considered
that there is zero requirement from
it.

Processes

Disposal
Regulatory
Generation
Storing
Collection
transport

SIX solid waste

management
Biodegradable waste
From food waste, paper, ashes,
sewage and etc.
Sources are homes, restaurants,
shops and instituitions.

Municipal solid waste

From rubbish, refuse, garbage
The sources are residential areas and
commercial places.

Industrial Waste
From food processing waste, scrap
metal and food.
The main sources are factories and
power plants.

Construction waste and

demolition
Such as rotting woods, pipes, bricks
and concrete
From the project site, new building,
streets

Hazardous waste
From explosives materials,
radioactive substances and clinical
waste
Homes, hotels, hospitals and
industries

Waste from treatment plant

Such as sludges and grits.
Sewage treatment plants, septic
tanks, sedimentation tanks.

Human health and safety related to

solid and hazardous waste
Anyone entering a hazardous waste site must
be protected against potential hazards. The
purposeofpersonalprotectiveclothingandequip
ment(PPE) istoshieldorisolateindividuals from
the chemical, physical, and biologic hazards
that may be encountered at a hazardous
waste site. Careful selection and use of
adequate PPE should protect the respiratory
system, skin, eyes, face, hands, feet, head,
body, and hearing

 Use of PPE is required by Occupational Safety and Health Administration

(OSHA) regulations in 29 CFR Part 1910 (see Table 8-1) and reinforced by
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations in 40 CFR Part
300 which include requirements for all private contractors working on
Superfund sites to conform to applicable OSHA provisions and any other
federal or state safety requirements deemed necessary by the lead
agency overseeing the activities.
No single combination of protective equipment and clothing is capable of
protecting against all hazards. Thus PPE should be used in conjunction
with other protective methods. The use of PPE can itself create significant
worker hazards, such as heat stress, physical and psychological stress,
and impaired vision, mobility, and communication. In general, the greater
the level of PPE protection, the greater are the associated risks. For any
given situation, equipment and clothing should be selected that provide
an adequate level of protection. Over-protection as well as underprotection can be hazardous and should be avoided.

Landfill for Solid waste

Location restrictions
Composite liners requirements
Leachate collection and removal systems
Operating pratices
Groundwater monitoring requirements
Closure and postclosure care requirements
Corrective action provisions
Financial assurance

Methods of solid waste disposal

Sanitary landfill
Incineration
Composting
Pyrolysis

Methods Scheduled waste disposal

Underground Injection
Secure Sanitary Landfill