Chng V

X HI X HI CH NGHA
1. Hnh thi kinh t x hi Cng sn
ch ngha
2. Nhng c trng c bn ca x hi
X hi ch ngha
3. Quan nim v x hi XHCN v thi
k qu ln CNXH Vit Nam

1. Hnh thi kinh t x hi Cng sn ch

ngha
1.1. Khi nim v Hnh thi KT - XH Cng sn ch
ngha (-)
* Khi nim hnh thi kinh t - x hi:
L mt khi nim ca ch ngha duy vt lch
s dng ch x hi tng giai on lch s
nht nh, vi mt kiu quan h sn xut c
trng cho x hi , ph hp vi trnh
nht nh ca cc lc lng sn xut v mt
kin trc thng tng tng ng c xy
dng trn nhng kiu quan h sn xut y.

Cc hnh thi kinh t x hi trong lch

s
Trn
h

k/t
x
hi

HTKTXH Cng sn ch
ngha
HTKTXH T bn ch
ngha
HTKTXH Phong kin
HTKTXH Chim hu n
l
HTKTXH Cng sn nguyn
thy
Thi
gian

* Khi nim hnh thi kinh t - x hi CSCN:

L mt hnh thi
+ C QHSX l ch cng hu v t liu
sn xut
+ C LLsx ngy cng pht trin to thnh
c s h tng pht trin cao hn CNTB
+ C kin trc thng tng thc s l ca
nhn dn
=>l hnh thi m s pht trin ton din,
khng hn ch ca mi ngi ang tr thnh
mc ch trc tip ca s pht trin ca n
(T in CNCS khoa hc tr 76)

*. Cc giai on ca hnh thi kinh t x hi CSCN

T tng ca Mc ng ghen:
* Mt l, hnh thi kinh t x hi CSCN pht trin
qua 2 giai on:
giai on u - CNXH
giai on cao - CNCS
* Hai l, gia x hi TBCN v x hi CSCN l mt
thi k qu t x hi n sang x hi kia.
Gia x hi t bn v x hi Cng sn l mt thi
k qu t x hi n sang x hi kia. Thch ng vi
thi k l mt thi k qu v chnh tr trong
nh nc khng phI cI g khc hn l chuyn
chnh v sn (C. Mc: Ph phn cng lnh Gta).

S biu din
quan im phn k ca Mc ngghen
Hnh thi kinh t
x hi TBCN

Hnh thi kinh t x hi

Giai on
thp
CSCN
(CNXH)

Giai on
cao(CNCS)

TKQ ln CNCS

Giai on thp (CNXH) = Thi k qu

ln CNCS

T tng ca Lnin
(1)Thng nht vi cch phn k ca Mc (
2 G chnh)
(2)Trong tc phm Ch ngha Mc v
vn nh nc Lnin nhn mnh: cn phi
c mt Thi k qu t CNTB ln CNXH v
cho rng t CNTB n CNCS tri qua :
I- Nhng cn au ko di v au n
II- Giai on thp
III- Giai on on cao.

S biu din
quan im phn k ca Lnin

Hnh thi kinh t

x hi

TBCN

Hnh thi kinh t x hi

GiaiCSCN
on thp
(CNXH)

TKQ
(Ln
CNXH)

Giai on
cao(CNCS)

X hi
Trn
h

X hi
XHCN

CSCN

Pht
Trin

TKQ
Ln
CNXH

HTKT-XH TBCN

HTKT-XH
CSCN
C/m
XHCN

HTKT-XH Phong kin

HTKT-XH Chim hu n l

1.2.Cc iu kin c bn ca s ra i hnh

thi KT-XH cng sn ch ngha(*)
* i vi cc nc TBCN pht trin cao
-Th nht:LLSX pht trin, KH-CN hin i, trnh XH ha
cao-> dn n mu thun gay gt gia LLSX> <QHSX cn ph b
QHSX khng ph hp.
-Th hai: Mu thun gia 2 g/c c bn-GCVS> <GCTS khng th
iu ha c-> Cch mng XHCN, xa b CNTB
-Th ba: CNTB pht trin nhng n gy nhiu tai ho v hu
qu nng n() cn xa b i n XH tin b hn
=> Nh vy chnh s pht trin cao ca CNTB to ra nhn t
ph nh n, to tin cho s hnh thnh hnh thi KT-XH
cng sn ch ngha.

* i vi cc TBCN trung bnh v cc nc tin t bn

( i ln CNXH v CNCS theo loi hnh c bit v c
bit ca c bit)
-Th nht: Thi i ngy nay nhn loi ang chuyn sang giai on
cui cng ca CNTB, n chng t khng phi l ch hon ton
tt p , vi nhng > < gay gt cn phi gii quyt m ng
cho s pht trin ca nhn loi.
-Th hai: S tc ng ca phong tro cng sn, ca CNMLN lm thc
tnh cc dn tc, di s lnh o ca CS, dy ln phong tro yu
nc, phong tro cng nhn ginh LDT v i ln CNXH ,to ra quy
lut c tnh c th v con ng b qua CNTB i ln CNXH ( cn
vn dng mt cch ph hp chng t tng c hi v nhng biu hin
t khuynh trong qu trnh thc hin)
=> Nh vy xt v phng din l lun cng nh thc tin, s xut
hin nhng iu kin hnh thnh CNXH c tnh a dng phong ph
v hp quy lut pht trin

2. Nhng c trng c bn ca x hi
XHCN(*)
2.1. Khi nim x hi XHCN
X hi XHCN l mt x hi thay th CNTB,
c c im l : ch cng hu v t liu
sn xut ch yu, khng c tnh trng ngi
p bc bc lt ngi, nn sn xut c k
hoch ha trn phm vi ton x hi.
(l giai on u ca hnh thi kinh t x hi
CSCN)

*C s phng php lun nhn thc v CNXH

-

X hi XHCN khng phi l mt ch x hi tri

ngc vi CNTB m phi l mt ch x hi ph
nh bin chng CNTB: k tha nhng mt tch cc
tin b ca CNTB; ph nh nhng mt hn ch ca
n.
- X hi XHCN l mt ch x hi pht trin hn
CNTB: giu c v tt p hn CNTB.
- X hi XHCN l mt ch x hi khc v cht so
vi CNTB trn c ba lnh vc: chnh tr, kinh t, vn
ha x hi.

LLSX hin i
KHKT tin tin
Nhng mt
tch cc
ca CNTB

trnh qun l cao

kinh t th trng
pht trin
ch nh nc php
quyn pht trin

Nhng mt

QHSX da trn ch
t hu

hn ch
ca CNTB

ch chnh tr TBCN

Lnin: Ci m bo chin thng ca CNXH so vi

CNTB suy cho n cng l nng sut lao ng. CNTB
chin thng ch Phong kin bng nng sut lao ng.
CNXH mun chin thng CNTB phi a ra c mt kiu
t chc x hi v lao ng c nng sut cao hn so vi
CNTB. mi l ci m bo chc chn cho thng li ca
chng ta.

S khc bit gia CNXH v CNTB

Tiu ch
Chnh tr

Kinh t

CNTB
CNXH
Quyn lc thuc Quyn lc thuc v
v G/c T sn
nhn dn lao ng
thng tr
Ch t hu
v t liu sn
xut l ch yu

Cn p bc bc
Vn ha x hi lt.
Nn vn ha
mang bn cht
g/c t sn

Ch cng hu
v t liu sn xut
ch yu
Khng cn p bc
bc lt; nn vn ha
tin tin, mang bn
cht g/c cng nhn.

2.3. Nhng c trng c bn

C s vt cht k thut ca CNXH

l nn sn xut cng nghip hin i
X hi XHCN xa b ch t hu
TBCN, thit lp ch cng hu v
nhng t liu sn xut ch yu

Nhng
c trng
c bn ca

x hi
XHCN

X hi XHCN to ra cch t chc lao

ng v k lut lao ng mi
X hi XHCN thc hin nguyn tc
phn phi theo lao ng nguyn tc
phn phi c bn nht
Nh nc XHCN mang bn cht giai cp
cng nhn, tnh nhn dn rng ri v tnh
dn tc su sc; thc hin quyn lc v
li ch ca nhn dn
X hi XHCN l ch gii phng con ngi
khi p bc bc lt, thc hin cng bng, bnh
ng, tin b x hi, to nhng iu kin c
bn con ngi pht trin ton din

3. Thi k qa ln CNXH v CNXH VN

3.1. Thi k qu ln CNXH
* Khi nim:
TKQ ln CNXH l thi k ci bin cch
mng su sc ton b cc lnh vc ca i
sng x hi, bt u t khi GCCN v nhn
dn lao ng ginh c chnh quyn nh
nc cho n khi CNXH to ra c nhng c
s ca chnh mnh trn cc lnh vc i sng
x hi.
* Phn loi: da vo im xut pht ca cc
nc khi i ln CNXH
+ Qu trc tip
+ Qu gin tip

* c im ca thi k qu ln CNXH

c im
ni bt
Nhng nhn t
ca x hi mi
v nhng tn tch C
ca x hi c tn Th
i an xen v u
tranh vi nhau
trn tt c cc
lnh vc ca i
sng x hi

Chnh tr: tn ti nh nc CCVS

Kinh t: tn ti nn kinh t nhiu

thnh phn
X hi: tn ti nhiu giai cp,
tng lp x hi

Vn ha t tng: tn ti nhiu
loi vn ha t tng khc nhau

* Tnh tt yu ca thi k qu ln CNXH

Thi k qu ln CNXH l mt tt yu
ci bin cch mng t x hi c sang x
hi mi
- l qu trnh ci to x hi c
- l qu trnh xy dng x hi mi
TKQ (Ci bin cch mng)= xy dng CNXH
+ ci to XHCN.

3.2. Thi k qu ln CNXH Vit Nam

* Tnh tt yu ca thi k qu ln CNXH VN
Qu ln CNXH VN bt u t 1954 (min Bc),
1975 (c nc) va ph hp l lun chung, va ph
hp iu kin Vit Nam, do:
- Ph hp vi l lun chung, khi chnh quyn
thuc v GCCN v NDL di s lnh o ca
CSVN.
- Ph hp l lun cch mng khng ngng: c/m
DTDCND -> c/m XHCN.
- Ph hp xu th thi i: qu t CNTB ln CNXH
- Ph hp l lun pht trin b qua (rt ngn)
- Ph hp vi iu kin VN v nguyn vng ca nhn
dn

*. Nhng c im v ni dung c bn
ca TKQ ln CNXH Vit Nam
Nhng c im ca thi k qu
- Ni dung c bn ca thi k qu
+ Mc tiu
-

+ Phng hng: (7 phng hng )

* c trng c bn ca x hi XHCN Vit

Nam.
1.Do ndl. lm ch.
2.C nn kt
3.C nn vn ha
4.Con ngi
5.Cc dn tc
6.C quan h hu ngh

* Thi c v thch thc

- Thi c: l nhng thnh tu ca cng
cuc i mi
- Thch thc: l 4 nguy c c xc
nh ti hi ngh i biu ton quc gia
nhim kha VII.

Ch ng nm thi c,
ng thi lun tnh to,
kin quyt y li v khc
phc nguy c, k c nguy
c mi ny sinh, m bo
pht trin ng hng l
nguyn tc trong hnh
ng ca ng.