UBC Bearings of America Limited

basic
BEARING
knowledge

WhatisaBearingUsedfor?

Designed to:
Reduce

friction

Carry

loads

Guide

moving parts

RollingandSlidingFriction

Componentpartsofaballbearing

Seal

Outer ring

Rolling elements

Cage

Inner ring

Seal

SealandShieldVariations

Shields

-Z and -2Z

Contaminant
exclusion

Low-friction seals

Seals

-RZ and -2RZ

-RS and -2RS

Silent
running

Grease
retention

Speed
capability

CharacteristicsofDifferentSeals
Application

Shield

Seal

Need

2Z

2RZ

2RS

Low friction
torque

+++

++(+)

High speed
ability

+++

++(+)

Grease
retention

++

+++

Dust
exclusion

++

+++

Water
exclusion

Low/high
operating
temperature
+++ Excellent

Depends on:

Depends on:

Grease

Grease
Rubber mix

++ Good

+ Fair

Poor

StorageRequirements

RollerandBallRacewayContact

AxialandRadialloadcapability
Radial load

Fr

Axial load

Fa

Combined load

RollerTypes
Ball

Spherical roller
(symmetrical)

Spherical roller
(asymmetrical)

Taper roller

Cylindrical roller
Needle roller

BallandRollerBearingRanges
+ Roller bearings
Ball bearings
Deep groove Angular
contact

Self-aligning

Cylindrical

Taper

Spherical

LoadCapabilities
Load carrying capacity
is expressed as the basic
dynamic load rating

BallBearingCapabilities
Deep groove

Angular contact

Self-aligning

Radial load

Axial load

Speed

Accommodates

carrying capacity

carrying capacity

capability

misalignment

FunctionoftheCage

Prevent

immediate contact between

rolling elements to minimize friction
and heat generation

Guide the rolling elements

Provide space for lubricant

Retain the rolling elements when

bearings of separable design
are mounted or dismounted

CageVariants

Nylon cage

Steel cage

Solid brass cage

NylonCages

Lightweight

High elasticity

Good sliding properties

Good marginal
lubrication properties

Operating temperature
< +120 C

SteelCages

Lightweight

High strength

No operating
temperature limit

High vibration and

acceleration resistance

Sensitive to
poor lubrication

SolidBrassCages

Very high strength

Very high vibration and

acceleration resistance

Suitable for very high

speed in connection
with circulating oil

Relatively (very)
expensive

InternalClearances
Radial
clearance

Axial
clearance

The bearing internal clearance is defined

as the total distance through which one
bearing ring can be moved relative to the
other under zero measuring load.

Why Internal clearance?

In order to fit a bearing tightly on a shaft, it is necessary
that the shaft is slightly larger than the bore of the inner
ring. When the bearing is mounted, the inner ring will
be expanded and consequently the space available for
the rolling elements will be reduced. The reduction in
space available for rolling elements when the bearing is
mounted is accommodated by the internal clearance.

Why Internal clearance?

Steel will expand with increased temperature. In
operation, the temperature of the various parts of a
bearing will not remain uniform and resulting in
varying degrees of expansion which is compensated
by the internal clearance.

InternalRadialClearance
COLD

Reduced
radial
clearance

Compression

Expansion

Clearance range
C1 Clearance less than C2
C2 Clearance less than Normal
C3 Clearance greater than Normal
C4 Clearance greater than C3
C5 Clearance greater than C4

WARM

The internal clearance required is

dependent upon the mounting fit and
the operating conditions. In case of
doubt, a bearing with greater internal
clearance shall always be selected.

EffectofInternalPreloadandClearanceon
BearingLife
Relative basic rating life L10, %

Preloading

Clearance

CorrectFits

Tolerance range for bearings

manufactured to ISO

BearingSelectionFactors
Available space

Speed

Load/Direction

Misalignment

Life

Operating conditions

ISOStandards

ISO

International
Organization for
Standardization

DiameterSeries

Relationship:DiameterandWidthSeries
Diameter Series

Width Series

Height Series

Diameter Series

DimensionSeries

Width Series

Bore designation system

Bore diameter

Written as

Example

Below 10 mm

3
.
.
9

3
.
.
9

623
.
.
629

10 17 mm

10
12
15
17

00
01
02
03

6200
6201
6202
6203

20
25
.
.
480

04
05
.
.
96

6204
6205
.
.
61896

710

/710

241/710

20 480 mm

Above 500 mm

HowtheDesignationSystemWorks
Bearing types

Radial bearings, width (B, T)

Thrust bearing, height (H)

Outside diameter (D)

Bearing size d/5

(30 mm bore diameter)

TaperedBoreSuffixes
Suffix K

Taper 1:12

Suffix K30

Taper 1:30

Deepgrooveballbearing

Selfaligningballbearing

Planethrustballbearing

Angularcontactballbearing

Sphericalrollerbearing

Taperrollerbearing

Cylindricalrollerbearing

THE END