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INTRODUCTION TO

THINKING SKILLS
By: Nur Salimah Binti Alias

What is think and


thinking?
Think
Uncontrolled
Mental activity
Cognitive and
behavior process

Thinking
Involves control.
Minds movement
become thinking
when we direct
them.

Thinking is any mental activity that


helps formulate or solve a problem,
make a decision, or fulfill a desire
to understand.
It is a searching for answers, a
reaching for meaning (Ruggreio,
2012).

How about thinking


skills?
Costa (1985) in Philips
1999,
gives meaning to thinking skill
as a process by the mind as
the result of receiving stimulus
of the five senses. The
meaning of stimulus then
were seen in action.

Dewey (1933) in
Philips (1999)
is an effort of the
mind to examine
and weight certain
information
according to specific
criteria.

Butterworth &
Thwaites (2005)
thinking skill is a
critical thinking
and can be
argumentative

Thinking skills is
Cognitive processes in search of
meaning and understanding of
something, exploration on any
possible ideas, decision making,
problem solving and doing what is
right, thus in concerns on the
reflections of what has been-values
on the thinking

Why is thinking skills is


so important?

Able to use and


outsource various
resources in a creative
and specific way/s in
search of an answer
of/or problem solver to
a certain problem.

Able to create and


build positive social
bonding

To produce a self
learning, self
independence and
informative individual.

Able to better
communication (good
communication skills).

Obstacles in developing
thinking skills
Gunung Kinabalu affect
Knowledge only on what has been taught.
Not showing neither abilities nor skills in
search of any new knowledge and
additional skills within subject matters
Spoon feed teachingEverything was prepared for. Not willingly
to be self independence learning. Hoping
everything to be provided by the instructor.
Thinking trap!

Model Kemahiran Berfikir

Use of thinking skills in order to solve problem.

Positive

Analytical problem/cases
Analyze
Find solution
and solve
(Reactive based)
(Information + techniques)
Negative

CREATIVITY
Think Out of t
he Box

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Jenis-jenis pemikiran
Type/Styles of thinking
Pemikiran logik
Logical thinking
Pemikiran kritikal
Critical thinking
Pemikiran kreatif
Creative thinking
Pemikiran analitikal
Analytical thinking
Pemikiran reaktif dan Pemikiran proaktif
Reactive thinking and Proactive thinking
Pemikiran berlandaskan sejarah/kejadian masa lampau
Historical thinking
Pemikiran teknikal
Technical thinking

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Sambungan
Continue

Pemikiran berhipotesis
Hypothetical thinking
Pemikiran projektif
Projective thinking
Pemikiran konstruktif
Constructive thinking
Pemikiran berlandaskan naluri
Intuitive thinking
Pemikiran objektif
Objective thinking
Pemikiran vertikal
Vertical thinking

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Sambungan
Continue
Pemikiran konvergen dan divergen
Convergent and Divergent thinking
Pemikiran positif
Positive thinking
Pemikiran negatif
Negative thinking
Pemikiran berlandaskan emosi
Emotive thinking

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