Professional Documents
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Combustion
Hsin Chu
Professor
Dept. of Environmental Engineering
National Cheng Kung University
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1. Introducton
2. Constant-pressure Combustion
(1)
H R (m cP ) R (t )
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4. Enthalpy of Combustion
H P (m cP ) P (t )
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H25
Enthalpy
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H25 (kJ/kmol)
-241,800
-802,300
-2,045,400
-1,256,400
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The combustion of all the above fuels will produce water in the
flue gases, which can be considered as existing in either the
liquid or vapor phases.
All the figures quoted for the enthalpy of combustion given
above are for water in the vapor phase.
Should the enthalpy of combustion be required with water in
the liquid phase, then the latent heat of evaporation for the
water vapor produced in the combustion products (Hfg) must
be accounted for:
(H25)f = (H25)g n Hfg
where n represents the number of kmoles of water produced
per kmole of fuel.
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5. Constant-volume Combustion
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U25
energy
internal
U R (m cv ) R (t )
and
U P (m cv ) P (t )
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H 25 ( H P H R ) 25
and
H U PV
We get
H 25 (U P U R ) ( PV ) P ( PV ) R
U 25 ( PV ) P ( PV ) R
The (PV) terms for solids and liquids are very small, so for
any reactant or product in the gas phase:
PV = nRT
hence:
H25 = U25 + RT (nP - nR)
where nP and nR represent the total number of kmoles of
combustion products and reactants in the gas phase,
respectively.
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If nP = nR, then H25 and U25 will have the same value.
Example 2:
H25 for propane (C3H8) is -2,045,400 kJ/kmol with water in
the vapor phase. Calculate the corresponding internal energy
of combustion.
Solution:
We can write the stoichiometric equation for propane ignoring
the presence of nitrogen and any excess oxygen as they will
appear in both the reactants and the products:
C3H8 + 5 O2 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
So
nP nR = 7 6 = 1
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8. Calorific Values
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