Chng 2

O LNG SAN LNG

QUOC GIA
Th.s. Phan N Thanh Thuy
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LY DO NGHIEN CU
Ve pha chnh phu
- SLQG la
thc o thanh
tu kinh te cua
cac quoc gia
la mot trong cac
ch tieu c ban
e anh gia
mot nen kinh te
- SLQG la c
s hoach nh
cac chnh sach
kinh te v mo

Ve pha doanh
nghiep
- SLQG anh
hng en sc
mua cua toan
xa hoi
-

La tai lieu
tham khao cho
qua trnh hoach
nh chien lc
kinh doanh

 Ve pha ngi dan:

GDP lien quan en thu nhap.
GDP lien quan en c hoi viec
lam.

NOI DUNG CHNG II

I. CH TIEU GDP va GNP
II. TNH TOAN GDP
III. TNH CAC CH TIEU KHAC

I.CH TIEU GDP va

GNP.
1.
Khai
GDP
(Gianiem.
tr tong san lng quoc noi:
Gross domestic product) Gia tr lng
hang hoa va dch vu cuoi cung
c tao ra tren lanh tho mot
nc c tnh trong mot nam.
GNP (Gia tr tong san lng quoc
dan: Gross national product) Gia tr
lng hang hoa va dch vu cuoi
cung do cong dan mot nc tao ra
c tnh trong mot nam.
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HANG HOA va DCH VU

Hang hoa va dch
vu trung gian:
- Dung lam au
vao cho viec san
xuat ra hang hoa
khac.
va
- c s dung het
1 lan trong qua
trnh san xuat o.
Do o, gia tr HHTG
chuyen het vao
gia tr thanh
pham

Hang hoa va
dch vu cuoi
cung:
-Hang hoa ban
cho ngi s dung
cuoi cung: Hang
tieu dung, hang
xuat khau.
hoac
- Dung lam au
vao cho san xuat
nhng c s
dung nhieu lan:
May moc thiet
b, TSC khac.
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V du: Trong lanh th co 3 doanh

nghiep (bang), tnh GDP cua quoc
gia.
STT

DOANH
NGHIEP

GIA TR
SAN XUAT

Det si

Det vai

May
mac
Tong
gia tr

GIA TR
HANG HOA
& DCH VU
CUOI CUNG

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7

2. Moi lien he gia GDP

va GDP
GNP= A + B (1)
GNP = A + C

B
VN

(2)

A la gia tr san lng

(thu nhap) do cong dan
mot nc tao ra tren
lanh tho.
B la gia tr san lng
(thu nhap) t cac yeu
to san
xuat nhap
khau.
C la gia tr san lng
(thu nhap) t cac yeu
to san xuat xuat
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khau.
NIA

GNP = GDP + NIA

NIA (Net Income From Abroad: Thu
nhap rong t nc ngoai)
Cac nc phat trien :
NIA > 0 GNP > GDP
Cac nc ang phat trien:
NIA < 0 GNP < GDP
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II.TNH GDP
1. Cac loai gia tnh GDP
3.1. Gia hien hanh
3.2. Gia co nh
3.3. Gia th trng
3.4. Gia yeu to san xuat

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3.1 GIA HIEN HANH

- La loai gia hien ang lu hanh
moi thi iem.
- Tnh GDP theo gia hien hanh ta
c ch tieu GDP danh ngha
(Nominal GDP : GDPn).
- S gia tang cua GDP danh ngha
qua cac nam co the do lam
phat gay nen.
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3.2 GIA CO NH
- La gia nam goc (la nam
co nen kinh te tng oi on
nh nhat).
-Tnh GDP theo gia co nh ta
c ch tieu GDP thc te
(Real GDP: GDPr).
- ay la ch tieu dung e
o lng tang trng kinh te.

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3.3 Gia th trng (mp

- market price)
- La gia ban hang hoa,
dch vu tren th trng
- Tnh theo gia nay ta co
ch tieu GDP theo gia th
trng (GDPmp)
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3.4. Gia theo yeu to

san xuat
(factors costs : fc)

+La gia tnh theo chi ph cua

cac yeu to san xuat a
s dung e tao ra san
pham, dch vu.
+La gia khong tnh thue
GDP fc = GDP mp - Ti

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2.Tnh GDP danh ngha theo gtt

(mp)
a. S o chu
chuyen
kinh
M te.
C
S

C+I+G
G

Ho gia
nh

Td
Tr

Chnh
Phu

I
Ti

Nc
ngoai
X

Doanh
nghiep

W, R, i, Pr

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b. Cac phng phap tnh GDP

b1. Phng phap san xuat

GDP = V.Ai
V.A = Gia tr san xuat Chi ph trung
gian

Lu y: Trong GDP co cha gia tr hang

ton kho, khau hao va thue gian thu.
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b2. Phng phap chi tieu

GDP = C + I + G + X M
Chi tieu thc

I = Gia tr TLL mi + Gia tr hang

ton kho

AD = C + I + G + X M
Chi tieu d kien
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b3. Phng phap thu nhap

GDP = w + i + R + Pr + Ti +
De
W: co cha thue trc thu.
Pr: + Li nhuan nop ngan sach
(thue
thu
nhap
doanh
Pr*
nghiep)
+ Li nhuan lap quy (quy
tai au
t, phuc li, PrN (Pr sau
thue)
khen thng)
+Li nhuan chia chu doanh
nghiep
va co ong

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DP=Tong gia tr san xuat=Tong gia tr gia

tang
=Tong chi tieu= Tong thu nhap=4 ty
Doanh
nghiep

Gia tr
san
xuat

Gia tr
HH, DV
cuoi
cung

Gia tr
Chi tieu
gia tang

Thu
nhap

Det si

Det vai

May
mac

Tong
gia tr

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DP=Tong gia tr san xuat=Tong gia tr gia

tang
=Tong chi tieu= Tong thu nhap=4 ty
Doanh
nghiep

Gia tr
san
xuat

Gia tr
HH, DV
cuoi
cung
1

Gia tr
Chi tieu
gia tang

Thu
nhap

C kh

Det si

Det vai

May
mac

Tong
gia tr

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3. Han che
- Tnh GDP theo 3 cong thc tren khong cho 1
ap so v so lieu thong ke kho chnh xac
- GDP khong phan anh het gia tr cac hoat
ong trong nen kinh te.
gom : + Hoat ong kinh te ngam:
@Hoat ong phi phap
@ Hoat ong hp phap khong khai bao.
+ Hoat ong kinh te phi thng mai
- GDP khong phai la mot ch tieu hoan
hao e o lng phuc li kinh te.

N.E.W = GNP + Li cha tnh - Hai cha

tr
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III. CAC CH TIEU LIEN

QUAN
GNP = GDP +NIA

GDP

GDPfc
= GDPmp GNPfc = GNPmp Ti
NNPmp = GNPmp De
Ti
NDPmp = GDPmp NNPfc = GNPfc De
NI = GNPmp Ti De
De
NDPfc
= GDPfc PI = NI -(Pr*+ASXH) + Tr
De
Yd = PI Td
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III. CAC CH TIEU LIEN

QUAN
GO
NIA

GDP

CPTG

GNP
NNP
Tr

NI

PI
Yd

De
Ti

Pr*,Quy AS
Td
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Cac ch tieu thong

dung

1. Ch tieu tuyet oi: GDP, GNP, NDP,

(VND USD)
2. Ch tieu phan anh toc o tang
trng GDP (%)

GDPt
y(
1) x100%
GDPt 1

3. Ch tieu bnh quan: PCI (Per Capital

Income).
PCI = GDP/Dan so
(USD/ngi) 24

Bai 3 trang 40
Thu nhap t lng cua cac thanh
phan kinh te ngoai quoc doanh 5;
Lng CNVC 4,2; Tr cap 0,4; Thue thu
nhap ca nhan 0,12; Thue gian thu 7;
Khau hao 3,8; Lai suat 2,7; Tien thue
mat bang 7,5; Thue thu nhap doanh
nghiep 0,5; Li nhuan rong 7,2
(vt: ngan ty).
a/ Xac nh GDP
b/ Xac nh san lng thc te bnh
quan, biet D% 1,32; dan so 120 trieu
25
ngi

Bai 4 trang 40
Tong san lng au ra 22; Chi
ph MMTB 11; Tien lng cong
nhan 1,9; Chi ph nguyen,
nhien vat lieu 4,5; Nhieu
lieu 1,8; Chi ph cac dch vu
khac 3,2 (vt: ngan ong).
a/Tm san lng quoc gia.
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