Fertilizers use in

farming

Group 18
Louis MERLE 2016318996
Tom AGNERO-RIGOT 2016319129
Jean-remi LOUP 2016318862

Syllabus

Introduction (video)

About the world

About Korea

Part 1: Body effects

Phosphates process
and solubility
Healths problems

Part 2: Environmental effects

Eutrophisation
Consequences

Conclusion

Introduction

About the world?

World's population compare to cereal production
12

3000000000

10

2500000000

2000000000

Worlds population
compare to cereal
production (19402015)
World's population (nb of people)
Moving average (World's population (nb of
people))

1500000000

Cereal production (metric tons)

Moving average (Cereal production (metric tons))

1000000000

500000000

0
1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

0
2020

Source: ONU( World Population

Prospects: 2015) and
worldbank.org/data

About the world?

Agricultural lands compare to fertiliser consumption (1960-2015)
12

40

10

39

38

37

36

35

0
1940

1950

1960

1970

Fertiliser consumption (Kg/he land)

1980

1990

2000

2010

Moving average (Fertiliser consumption (Kg/he land))

34
2020

Source: United
Nations
Environment
Programme GEO Data Portal
(1960-1990) and
Worldbank.org/da
ta (2002-2013)

About Korea?
Total import (US dollars) :
513818300000

Import (%)
Manufactured
products 51%

Food (US dollars) :

33386300000
39 502 264 149 254 KRW!!
Food 6,5%

Petrol and
mineral 42,5%

Mainlly from USA and China,

were they use fertiliser for their
high productive farms

(Source: OMC, (2014))

Fertilizers

WHY WE
SHOULD NOT

Part 1

Phosphate mine in Morocco

Apatite composition
and treatment

Ca5(PO4)3Cl + 5 H2SO4 + 10 H2O 3 H3PO4 + 5 (CaSO4,2H2O) +

HCl.

Ca5(PO4)3F + 5 H2SO4 + 10 H2O 3 H3PO4 + 5 (CaSO4,2H2O) +

HF.

Ca5(PO4)3OH + 5 H2SO4 + 9 H2O 3 H3PO4 + 5 (CaSO4,2H2O).

Phosphates solubility
H3PO4 is soluble.
The rain allows it to
enter the soil.
Then it is captured by
the roots.

Phosphates solubility

70-80% of loss
Rolling and erosion bring too much
phosphate in watercourses

Phosphorus in the
Nature

Does not exist in pure state

Uranium

Chromium

Cadmium

Phosphates production

Uranium chemical
toxicity

Loss of auto-immune functions

High blood pressure

Kidney diseases

Alteration of reproductive functions

Chromium(V) toxicity

Skin rashes
Ulcers
Respiratory problems
Weakened immune systems
Kidney and liver damage
Lung cancer

Cadmium toxicity

Great affinity for calcium = Soften bones

Intense pain in articulations

Nephrotoxic

Part 2

Green tides

What is it ?

Green Tide : Unusual accumulation of seaweed on the coast due

to an eutrophication of the environment

Qingdao

29 000
km

Eutrophication : Exess of nutrients in an ecosystem leading to an

unusual growth of the plants

How does it happend ?

Eutrophication is due to phosphates released in the soil

by the agriculture

Sodium
Triphosphate

The amount of nitrates in the rivers becomes to high

Creates a desiquilibrium which leads to a perturbation
of the ecosystem

How does it happend ?

Consequences

Ecologic :

Death of other algae

Light do not cross the surface of seaweed algaes in the deep cant do
photosynthesis death of the algaes + no more production of O2

Photosynthesis :

CO2 + H20
O2

glucose +

Consequences

Ecologic :

Death of the aquatic fauna :

No more food for fishes which eat microorganisms depending on

sunlight (phytoplankton)
=> Rupture of the foodchain => death of several fishes

No more
sunlight
because of
eutrophication

No more
phytoplakton

Consequence

Ecologic :

Death of aquatic fauna :

- No more photosynthesis + degradation of dead seaweed in
the deep => O2 content decrease a lot of => death of
fishes by asphyxia

Consequences

Social and economic :

No more Tourism

Beatches cleaning very expensive

No more fishes => no fishing

Conclusion

70-80% of agricultural use is loss in water

Healt effect ( utilisation involve radioactive materials)

Scracity (around 2050 extraction will be very expenssive)

Reproductive troubles, cancers, high blood pressure,

Weakened immune systems

Eutrophisation

Death of the aquatic algua, death of the aquatic fauna

Green tide

Thank you, any

questions?

Bibilography
Video:
Vers une famine planetaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63UZ6ef8V7k
Desertification https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg
Gas warfare in the First World War https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QxtB6s-4oM
Sound : Armand Amar - Home OST - 03 Home Part 3 and clubbed to death - Matrix
soundtrack
Graphs:
ONU( World Population Prospects: 2015)
United Nations Environment Programme - GEO Data Portal (1960-1990)
worldbank.org/data
Others:
http://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/engrais/
http://www.agriculture.gov.au/ag-farm-food/food/publications/national_food_plan/issues-p
aper/submissions-received/stable-population-party-of-australia?wasRedirectedByModule=tru
e
http://www.soilquality.org.au/factsheets/phosphorus-tas
http://www.drlwilson.com/articles/TOXIC%20METALS.htm