SIR C .V.

RAMAN INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCES

DEPT. OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

FIRE ACCIDENTS DETECTION & PREVENTION

IN TRAIN

Presented By..
T.Balaobireddy
(109B1A0408)
P.Naga Sravan Reddy
(109B1A0426)
T.Hari Prasad
(109B1A0416)
V.Anilkumar Reddy

Contents
i. Aim of the project
ii. Block Diagram
iii. Modules Used
iv. Prototype
v. Process
vi. Applications
vii.Conclusion

AIM OF THE PROJECT

Now a day's every
system is automated
in order to face new
challenges
in
the
present day situation.
Automated systems
have less manual
operations, so that
the
flexibility,
reliabilities are high
and accurate.
Probably the most
useful thing to know
about
the
global

Contd..
This project deals to detect fire in
the Trains and also control the fire
using different units..

Water Pump.
GSM
Driver IC for Motor
LCD is used for Display.
Fire Detector Sensor

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE PROJECT

COMPONENTS USED
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

AT89C51 Micro-controller
Bridge Rectifier
Relays
Regulated Power Supply
LCD
MAX232
L293D is used as a Driver
IC for Motor

ATMEL Micro-Controller AT89C51

Operates upto 24 MHZ
128-bit internal ram
32 programmable I/O
lines.
Two 16-bit
timer/counters.
Six interrupt sources.
Low-power idle and
power-down modes

Bridge Rectifier
Bridge Rectifier is a device used to convert the AC wave
in DC, by using diodes connected in bridge form. During
each cycle, opposite diodes work together to obtain a
positive cycles and finally converted into DC by using
filters.

Bridge Rectifiers

Relays
Relays are devices used for fast switching
purpose in analog and digital circuits
RELAYS

Mechanical
Relay

Solid
State
Relay

Reed
Relay

Relays

Global Standard For Mobile Communication

(GSM)
Global System for Mobile (GSM) is a second generation
cellular standard developed to cater voice services and
data delivery using digital modulation.

GSM SERVICES
Tele-services
Bearer or Data
Services
Supplementary
services

 Fully digital system using

900,1800 MHz frequency band.
8 full rate or 16 half rate TDMA
channels per carrier.
Support of
Short Message
Service (SMS).

Encryption
of speech
and data
transmissi
on
over

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

Liquid Crystal Display also
called as LCDis very helpful
in providing user interface
as well as for debugging
purpose.
The most commonly used
Character based LCDs are
based on Hitachi's HD44780
controller or other which are
compatible with HD44580.

Fire Sensor
Fire Detectionis the technology for detecting flames, using afire
sensor.
A fire emits radiation, whichhuman eyeexperiences as the
visible yellow red flames and heat .

Contd..
During burning of a hydrocarbon
(for example, wood or fossil fuels
such as oil and natural gas) much
heat and CO2is released. The hot
CO2emits much energy in its
resonance frequency of 4.3m.
This causes a peak in the total
radiation emission and can be
well detected.

L293 Driver Circuit

L293 driver circuit is used

interface

DC

microcontroller.
It is a 16 pin IC.

motors

with

Process

Contd..

Prototype of the project

Applications

Images of train caught in fire

Conclusion
The main aim of this project is to detect
the fire in the Trains and also control the
fire using water pump.
Fire is detected by using IR Receiver.
Whenever Fire is detected water pump
will be turned on.

k
n
a
h
T
!

u
Yo